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Automated acute ischemic stroke lesion delineation based on apparent diffusion coefficient thresholds
ConclusionThe performance of ADC thresholds for delineating acute stroke lesions varies substantially between patients. It is influenced by factors such as lesion size as well as lesion and parenchymal ADC values. Considering the inherent noisiness of ADC maps, ADC threshold-based automated delineation of very small lesions is not reliable.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 27, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Evaluation of fMRI activation in post-stroke patients with movement disorders after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: a scoping review
ConclusionrTMS allows the excitation and synchronization of neural activity, promotes the reorganization of brain function, and achieves the motor function recovery. fMRI can observe the influence of rTMS on brain networks and reveal the neuroplasticity mechanism of post-stroke rehabilitation. The scoping review helps us to put forward a series of recommendations that might guide future researchers exploring the effect of motor stroke treatments on brain connectivity.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 19, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Evidence of neuroplasticity with brain –computer interface in a randomized trial for post-stroke rehabilitation: a graph-theoretic study of subnetwork analysis
ConclusionBrain–computer interface can promote the recovery of upper limbs after stroke by regulating VN and DAN. The correlation trend of weak intensity proves that functional recovery in stroke patients is likely to be related to the brain’s visuospatial processing ability, which can be used to optimize BCI strategies.Clinical Trial RegistrationThe trial is registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, number ChiCTR2000034848. Registered 21 July 2020.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Scalp acupuncture regulates functional connectivity of cerebral hemispheres in patients with hemiplegia after stroke
ConclusionThe changes in functional connectivity between the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia in patients with cerebral infarction showed a weakening of the bilateral hemispheres and the enhancement of the connections between the hemispheres. Scalp acupuncture has the function of bidirectional regulation, which makes the unbalanced abnormal brain function state restore balance.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 25, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Progress in the clinical application of constraint-induced therapy following stroke since 2014
Stroke is a group of cerebrovascular diseases with high prevalence and mortality rate. Stroke can induce many impairments, including motor and cognitive dysfunction, aphasia/dysarthria, dysphagia, and mood disorders, which may reduce the quality of life among the patients. Constraint-induced therapy has been proven to be an effective treatment method for stroke rehabilitation. It has been widely used in the recovery of limb motor dysfunction, aphasia, and other impairment like unilateral neglect after stroke. In recent years, constraint-induced therapy can also combine with telehealth and home rehabilitation. In addition, ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 19, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Case report: Young-onset large vessel ischemic stroke due to hyperhomocysteinemia associated with the C677T polymorphism on 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and multi-vitamin deficiency
Hyperhomocysteinemia is an important risk factor for cerebral infarction. Herein, we report on a 30-year-old man previously diagnosed with epilepsy who presented with right hemiplegia and total aphasia. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a fronto-temporal ischemic lesion due to occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. Clinical testing and imaging demonstrated that he had hyperhomocysteinemia induced by multiple factors including the C677T polymorphism on 5.10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and multiple vitamin deficiencies. The C677T polymorphism on MTHFR is closely related to hyperhomocysteinemia and fol...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurosyphilis with positive anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody: a case report
A case of neurosyphilis with a positive anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibody was reported. A 54-year-old man who presented with acute memory deficits was admitted to our hospital. Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) was initially considered, and he was prescribed intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA). However, the intermittent onset of episodic memory and orientation disorder still occurred. No diffusion restriction was indicated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and subclinical seizures were frequently found by electroencephalogram (EEG). Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) te...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Establishing a pediatric acute stroke protocol: experience of a new pediatric stroke program and predictors of acute stroke
ConclusionA trainee developed and initiated pediatric acute stroke protocol quickly implemented a hospital wide change in management that led to rapid diagnosis and triage of pediatric stroke and suspected stroke. No additional personnel or resources were needed for this change, and we encourage other hospitals and emergency departments to implement similar systems. Additionally, hemiparesis and altered mental status were predictors of stroke for pediatric acute stroke activation in our Bayesian statistical analysis. However credible intervals were wide due to the small sample size. Further multicenter data collection coul...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Diagnostic potential of routine brain MRI and high-resolution, multi-contrast vessel wall imaging in the detection of internal carotid artery dissection
Conclusion: The combination of brain MRI and clinical information could be used for the diagnosis of CAD and hrVWI should be sought for uncertain cases.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Case report: Medulla oblongata and cervical cord reperfusion injury after intracranial vertebral artery angioplasty and stenting
ConclusionConcomitant reperfusion injury in the medulla oblongata and cervical cord secondary to vertebral artery angioplasty and stenting is extremely rare. However, this potentially devastating complication requires early recognition and prompt treatment. Maintaining the antegrade flow during vertebral artery endovascular treatment is a precaution against reperfusion injury.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 5, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure variability and association with ischemic stroke subtypes in the subacute stage
ConclusionThe results of this study indicate a discrepancy in blood pressure variability among different ischemic stroke subtypes during the subacute stage. Higher systolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure variability during the 24 h, daytime, and nighttime, and nighttime diastolic blood pressure were independent predictors for large-artery atherosclerosis stroke. Increased nighttime diastolic BPV was an independent risk factor for cardioembolic stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 17, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Virtual reality-induced motor function of the upper extremity and brain activation in stroke: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
This study aims to provide high-quality evidence for the relationship between upper extremity motor function and brain activation in stroke. In addition, this is the first multimodal neuroimaging study that explores the evidence for neuroplasticity and associated upper motor function recovery after VR in stroke patients.Clinical trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier: ChiCTR2200063425.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 17, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The effect of intensive statin therapy in non-symptomatic intracranial arteries: The STAMINA-MRI sub-study
ConclusionIntensive statin therapy produced a favorable morphological change in cerebral arteries of not only the target arterial segment but also non-symptomatic arterial segments. The change in cerebral arterial luminal diameter was influenced by the baseline SBP and was dependent on the topographic distribution of the cerebral arteries.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02458755.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Basilar artery plaque distribution is associated with pontine infarction and vertebrobasilar artery geometry
ConclusionBA plaque was related to PCCI, BA plaque distribution was associated with PI, and VBA configuration strongly influences BA plaque distribution.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Selection of patients with acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion for endovascular treatment by magnetic resonance imaging
ConclusionDWI plus MRA could help select the patients with acute VBAO for EVT by assessing ASPECTS and the pons–midbrain index. Patients could achieve good reperfusion and favorable functional outcomes.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - February 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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