Filtered By:
Source: Neuropsychologia
This page shows you your search results in order of relevance. This is page number 5.
Order by Relevance | Date
Total 127 results found since Jan 2013.
Semantic memory: Which side are you on?
We present two patients in whom the combination of lesion site and cognitive performance was uniquely informative about the organisation and functional anatomy of semantic memory. One had had a single lobar stroke with an unusual distribution, largely destroying the whole of the left temporal lobe ventral to the superior temporal sulcus. The other patient had had herpes simplex encephalitis with destruction that was confined to the left cerebral hemisphere. The lesion again mainly encompassed the left temporal lobe, but also extended to the left inferior frontal gyrus. Cognitive outcomes in the two patients were compared w...
Source: Neuropsychologia - November 24, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The impact of different aetiologies on the cognitive performance of frontal patients
We present the first comprehensive retrospective comparison of the impact of lesions of different aetiologies on neuropsychological performance in a large number of patients whose lesion solely affects the frontal cortex. We investigated patients who had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), high (HGT) or low grade (LGT) tumour, or meningioma, all at the post-operative stage. The same frontal ‘executive’ (Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices, Stroop Colour-Word Test, Letter Fluency-S; Trail Making Test Part B) and nominal (Graded Naming Test) tasks were compared. Patients' performance was compared across aetiologies contr...
Source: Neuropsychologia - January 4, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Impaired binocular fusion as a cause of “Flat Vision” after right parietal brain damage – A case study
Publication date: Available online 22 January 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Anna-Katharina Schaadt , Stephan A. Brandt , Antje Kraft , Georg Kerkhoff The complete loss of binocular depth perception (“Flat Vision”) was first thoroughly described by Holmes and Horrax (1919), and has been occasionally reported thereafter in patients with bilateral posterior-parietal lesions. Though partial spontaneous recovery occurred in some cases, the precise cause(s) of this condition remained obscure for almost a century. Here, we describe a unique patient (EH) with a large right-sided occipito-parietal hemorrhage showing...
Source: Neuropsychologia - January 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Holmes and Horrax (1919) revisited: Impaired binocular fusion as a cause of “flat vision” after right parietal brain damage – A case study
Publication date: Available online 22 January 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Anna-Katharina Schaadt , Stephan A. Brandt , Antje Kraft , Georg Kerkhoff The complete loss of binocular depth perception (“flat vision”) was first thoroughly described by Holmes and Horrax (1919), and has been occasionally reported thereafter in patients with bilateral posterior-parietal lesions. Though partial spontaneous recovery occurred in some cases, the precise cause(s) of this condition remained obscure for almost a century. Here, we describe a unique patient (EH) with a large right-sided occipito-parietal hemorrhage showing...
Source: Neuropsychologia - January 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Variability of behavioural responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation: Origins and predictors
Publication date: Available online 22 January 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Pierre Nicolo , Radek Ptak , Adrian G. Guggisberg Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may modulate the excitability of local cortical stimulation sites and distant functionally interconnected regions for minutes, hours or even days. The effects of TMS suggest that it not only acts on activity of the stimulated area, but also on its connections with remote areas. Due to these properties one of the main rationales for the application of TMS in stroke patients is to improve imbalance in interhemispheric inhibition. However, given that ...
Source: Neuropsychologia - January 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
When semantics aids phonology: A processing advantage for iconic word forms in aphasia
Publication date: Available online 28 January 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Lotte Meteyard , Emily Stoppard , Dee Snudden , Stefano F. Cappa , Gabriella Vigliocco Iconicity is the non-arbitrary relation between properties of a phonological form and semantic content (e.g. “moo”, “splash”). It is a common feature of both spoken and signed languages, and recent evidence shows that iconic forms confer an advantage during word learning. We explored whether iconic forms conferred a processing advantage for 13 individuals with aphasia following left-hemisphere stroke. Iconic and control words were compared in ...
Source: Neuropsychologia - February 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Anatomical and psychometric relationships of behavioral neglect in daily living☆
In conclusions, superior temporal gyrus and superior longitudinal fasciculus lesions have a pivotal role in N-ADLs. N-ADLs is principally related (anatomically and psychometrically) to peripersonal neglect, and at a lesser degree to anosognosia and personal neglect.
Source: Neuropsychologia - February 10, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Anatomical and psychometric relationships of behavioral neglect in daily living
In conclusions, superior temporal gyrus and superior longitudinal fasciculus lesions have a pivotal role in N-ADLs. N-ADLs is principally related (anatomically and psychometrically) to peripersonal neglect, and at a lesser degree to anosognosia and personal neglect.
Source: Neuropsychologia - February 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Enhancing the mirror illusion with transcranial direct current stimulation
Publication date: May 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia, Volume 71 Author(s): Steven A. Jax , Diana L. Rosa-Leyra , H. Branch Coslett Visual feedback has a strong impact on upper-extremity movement production. One compelling example of this phenomena is the mirror illusion (MI), which has been used as a treatment for post-stroke movement deficits (mirror therapy). Previous research indicates that the MI increases primary motor cortex excitability, and this change in excitability is strongly correlated with the mirror’s effects on behavioral performance of neurologically-intact controls. Based on evidence that primary motor ...
Source: Neuropsychologia - March 31, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Disorders of representation and control in semantic cognition: Effects of familiarity, typicality, and specificity
We present a case-series comparison of patients with cross-modal semantic impairments consequent on either (a) bilateral anterior temporal lobe atrophy in semantic dementia (SD) or (b) left-hemisphere fronto-parietal and/or posterior temporal stroke in semantic aphasia (SA). Both groups were assessed on a new test battery designed to measure how performance is influenced by concept familiarity, typicality and specificity. In line with previous findings, performance in SD was strongly modulated by all of these factors, with better performance for more familiar items (regardless of typicality), for more typical items (regard...
Source: Neuropsychologia - April 29, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Early sensory processing in right hemispheric stroke patients with and without extinction
Publication date: Available online 19 May 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Bianca de Haan , Tine Stoll , Hans-Otto Karnath While extinction is most commonly viewed as an attentional disorder and not as a consequence of a failure to process contralesional sensory information, it has been speculated that early sensory processing of contralesional targets in extinction patients might not be fully normal. We used a masked visuo-motor response priming paradigm to study the influence of both contralesional and ipsilesional peripheral subliminal prime stimuli on central target performance, allowing us to compare the stre...
Source: Neuropsychologia - May 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Spatial attention systems in spatial neglect
Publication date: Available online 22 May 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Hans-Otto Karnath It has been established that processes relating to ‘spatial attention’ are implemented at cortical level by goal-directed (top-down) and stimulus-driven (bottom-up) networks. Spatial neglect in brain-damaged individuals has been interpreted as a distinguished exemplar for a disturbance of these processes. The present article elaborates this assumption. Functioning of the two attentional networks seem to dissociate in spatial neglect; behavioral studies of patients’ orienting and exploration behavior point to a distur...
Source: Neuropsychologia - May 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The effect of age on Cognitve performance of frontal Patients
Publication date: Available online 20 June 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Lisa Cipolotti , Colm Healy , Edgar Chan , Sarah E. MacPherson , Mark White , Katherine Woollett , Martha Turner , Gail Robinson , Barbara Spanò , Marco Bozzali , Tim Shallice Age is known to affect prefrontal brain structure and executive functioning in healthy older adults, patients with neurodegenerative conditions and TBI. Yet, no studies appear to have systematically investigated the effect of age on cognitive performance in patients with focal lesions. We investigated the effect of age on the cognitive performance of a large sample ...
Source: Neuropsychologia - June 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The effect of age on cognitive performance of frontal patients
Publication date: August 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia, Volume 75 Author(s): Lisa Cipolotti , Colm Healy , Edgar Chan , Sarah E. MacPherson , Mark White , Katherine Woollett , Martha Turner , Gail Robinson , Barbara Spanò , Marco Bozzali , Tim Shallice Age is known to affect prefrontal brain structure and executive functioning in healthy older adults, patients with neurodegenerative conditions and TBI. Yet, no studies appear to have systematically investigated the effect of age on cognitive performance in patients with focal lesions. We investigated the effect of age on the cognitive performance of a large sample of tumo...
Source: Neuropsychologia - June 27, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Understanding the role of the primary somatosensory cortex: opportunities for rehabilitation
Publication date: Available online 9 July 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Borich MR , Brodie SM , Gray WA , Ionta S , Boyd LA Emerging evidence indicates impairments in somatosensory function may be a major contributor to motor dysfunction associated with neurologic injury or disorders. However, the neuroanatomical substrates underlying the connection between aberrant sensory input and ineffective motor output are still under investigation. The primary somatosensory cortex (S1) plays a critical role in processing afferent somatosensory input and contributes to the integration of sensory and motor signals necessar...
Source: Neuropsychologia - July 10, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
