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Development of Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tools for Longitudinal Tracking of Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease Using Fast Imaging with Steady-State Precession
AbstractIdentification of patients with high-risk asymptomatic carotid plaques remains a challenging but essential step in stroke prevention. Current selection criteria for intervention in carotid disease are still determined by symptomatology and degree of luminal stenosis. This strategy has been less effective in identifying the high-risk asymptomatic individual patients. Inflammation is the key factor that drives plaque instability causing clinical sequelae. Currently, there is no imaging tool in routine clinical practice to assess the inflammatory status within atherosclerotic plaques. Herein we describe the developmen...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Iron-Induced Hydrocephalus: the Role of Choroid Plexus Stromal Macrophages
In conclusion, stromal macrophages account for ~10% of all choroid plexus cells, with more in aged rats. Treatments targeting macrophages (minocycline and clodronate liposomes) are associated with reduced iron-induced hydrocephalus.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 11, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Extended Ischemic Recovery After Implantation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregates Indicated by Sodium MRI at 21.1  T
AbstractExtended therapeutic application remains a significant issue in the use of stem cell therapies to treat ischemic stroke. Along these lines, neurological recovery in a rodent model of ischemic stroke was evaluated following implantation of human mesenchymal stem cell aggregates (hMSC-agg), labeled with micron-sized particles of iron oxide, directly into the lateral ventricle contralateral to the ischemic lesion hemisphere. Longitudinally, disease progression and response to hMSC-agg therapy were assessed by1H and23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 21.1  T to investigate cellular localization, migration, and re...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Development of Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tools for Risk Stratification of Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease Using Dual-Targeted Microparticles of Iron Oxide
AbstractIdentification of patients with high-risk asymptomatic carotid plaques remains a challenging but crucial step in stroke prevention. Inflammation is the key factor that drives plaque instability. Currently, there is no imaging tool in routine clinical practice to assess the inflammatory status within atherosclerotic plaques. We have developed a molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tool to quantitatively report the inflammatory activity in atherosclerosis using dual-targeted microparticles of iron oxide (DT-MPIO) against P-selectin and VCAM-1 as a smart MRI probe. A periarterial cuff was used to generate plaque...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 25, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

CD47 Blocking Antibody Accelerates Hematoma Clearance After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Aged Rats
This study expands those findings by examining the effects on a CD47 blocking antibody in aged rats. First, male Fischer 344 rats (18 months old) received an intracaudate injection of 50 μL auto logous whole blood or saline. Hematoma features of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neurological deficits were evaluated within 3 days. Second, rats had an intracaudate co-injection of 50 μL autologous blood with either CD47 blocking antibody or IgG. MRI was used to quantify hematoma/iron vol ume, hemolysis, brain swelling, and atrophy at different time points, behavioral tests to assess neurological deficits, and immunoh...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 29, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Brain Ceruloplasmin Expression After Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Protection Against Iron-Induced Brain Injury
This study had two parts: first, rats had injection of autologous blood into the right basal ganglia and the time course of CP expression in the brain examined (protein and mRNA). Second, rats had an injection of either Fe2+ in saline, Fe2+ plus CP in saline, or saline alone into the right basal ganglia. All rats in the second part had T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, and behavioral tests before the brains were harvested for immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. We found that CP was expressed on neurons and astrocytes in both cortex and basal ganglia after ICH. The time course showed that ICH induced CP express...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research