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The Radical Scavenger Edaravone Improves Neurologic Function and Perihematomal Glucose Metabolism after Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Oxidative injury caused by reactive oxygen species plays an important role in the progression of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced secondary brain injury. Previous studies have demonstrated that the free radical scavenger edaravone may prevent neuronal injury and brain edema after ICH. However, the influence of edaravone on cerebral metabolism in the early stages after ICH and the underlying mechanism have not been fully investigated. In the present study, we investigated the effect of edaravone on perihematomal glucose metabolism using 18F-fluorordeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 13, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Hanbing Shang, Derong Cui, Dehua Yang, Sheng Liang, Weifeng Zhang, Weiguo Zhao Source Type: research

Basal Ganglia Cerebral Microbleeds and Global Cognitive Function: The Kashima Scan Study
We previously showed that global cognitive function was associated with deep or infratentorial (D/I) cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in a Japanese healthy cohort. We continually recruited participates and performed further investigation to focus on the impact of different distributions of D/I CMBs on gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging on global cognitive function.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 13, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Yusuke Yakushiji, Tomoyuki Noguchi, Andreas Charidimou, Makoto Eriguchi, Masashi Nishihara, Megumi Hara, Yusuke Nanri, Etsuo Horikawa, Masanori Nishiyama, David J. Werring, Hideo Hara Source Type: research

Parkinsonism after External Ventricular Drainage in a Patient with Intraventricular Hemorrhage
We report a patient who presented with Parkinsonism after external ventricular drainage (EVD) for an intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). We also demonstrate dopaminergic system dysfunction using 18F-florinated-N-3-fluoropropyl-2-β-carboxymethoxy-3-β-(4-lodophenyl) nortropane (18F-FP-CIT) positron emission tomography (PET) scanning. A 50-year-old woman presented with manifestations of Parkinsonism, including severe rigidity and 3-Hz resting tremor, immediately after EVD for IVH. 18F-FP-CIT PET images at 6 months after onset showed dysfunction of the bilateral caudate nuclei and putamen after EVD that seemed to have induce...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 24, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Min Ho Chun, Chang Gu Kang, Eun Jung Kong, Min Cheol Chang Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Beating the Clock: Time Delays to Thrombolytic Therapy with Advanced Imaging and Impact of Optimized Workflow
This study is to assess the time delay while using this scanner compared with our 64-slice scanner.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Santanu Chakraborty, James Ross, Mathew J. Hogan, Dar Dowlatshahi, Grant Stotts Source Type: research

Risk Factors for Lacunar Strokes with Visible Cerebral Lesions on Computed Tomography Scan
The aim of this study was the detection of risk factors for lacunar strokes with visible lesions on computed tomography (CT) scan, considering in particular clinical characteristics, echocardiographic parameters, and carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV, a marker of large-artery stiffness). Lacunar strokes with very small or nonvisible lesions may have different risk factors.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 19, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Antonio Muscari, Camilla Conte, Daniela Degli Esposti, Luca Faccioli, Roberta Falcone, Besar Kolce, Lisa Marabini, Giovanni M. Puddu, Martina Rosticci, Luca Spinardi, Maddalena Veronesi, Claudio Borghi, Marco Zoli Source Type: research

Factors Affecting Attenuation of Dural Sinuses on Noncontrasted Computed Tomography Scan
Noncontrasted computed tomography (NCCT) is used as the initial neuroimaging test of choice for patients who present with new-onset neurological symptoms. An apparently hyperattenuated venous sinus may lead to the suspicion of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). Improved understanding of all factors that can affect attenuation of dural sinuses can guide triage of patients to or from further investigations of suspected CVST. The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the effect of different factors including hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb), age, BUN/Cr ratio (blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio), and g...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 31, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Nosaiba T. Al-Ryalat, Saif Aldeen S. AlRyalat, Lna W. Malkawi, Ethar F. Al-Zeena, Mahasen S. Al Najar, Azmy M. Hadidy Source Type: research

Relationship between the Carotid Plaque T1 Relaxation Time and the Plaque-to-Muscle Signal Intensity Ratio on Black-Blood Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scans
Black-blood magnetic resonance imaging (BB-MRI) is useful for the characterization and assessment of carotid artery plaques. The plaque-to-muscle signal intensity (SI) ratio (plaque/muscle ratio [PMR]) is used widely to evaluate plaques. However, the correlation between the PMR and the T1 relaxation time needs to be determined. We measured the T1 relaxation time of carotid plaques using T1 mapping and compared the results with the PMR on BB-MRI scans.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ayumu Eto, Yoshimasa Kinoshita, Yoshihisa Matsumoto, Fumiaki Kiyomi, Minoru Iko, Kouhei Nii, Masanori Tsutsumi, Kimiya Sakamoto, Hiroshi Aikawa, Kiyoshi Kazekawa Source Type: research

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura with Concomitant Progressive Cerebral Microbleeds
We report a young patient with refractory TTP who has developed multiple multifocal cerebral microbleeds on his brain magnetic resonance imaging scans. TTP-associated thrombotic microangiopathy resulting in diffuse microthrombi formation in the microcirculation and hypoperfusion might be an underlying etiology.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Nariman Noorbakhsh-Sabet, Ramin Zand Tags: Case Studies Source Type: research

N ε-(carboxymethyl)lysine Concentration in Debris from Carotid Artery Stenting Correlates Independently with Signal Intensity on T1-Weighted Black-Blood Magnetic Resonance Images
We examined the correlation between N ε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), a main chemical structure of advanced glycation end-products, and the vulnerability of plaques visualized on MRI scans.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 14, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ayumu Eto, Noriyuki Sakata, Ryoji Nagai, Jun-ichi Shirakawa, Ritsurou Inoue, Fumiaki Kiyomi, Kouhei Nii, Hiroshi Aikawa, Minoru Iko, Masanori Tsutsumi, Kimiya Sakamoto, Fumihiro Hiraoka, Takahumi Mitsutake, Hayatsura Hanada, Kiyoshi Kazekawa Source Type: research

Different diagnosis with Dual energy CT imaging between hemorrhage and contrast agents for acute revascularization therapy patients
【Introduction】After acute revascularization with endovascular technique, sometimes it is difficult to distinguish hemorrhage and contrast agents in postoperative CT scans.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 18, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Masataka Hayashi, Kotaro Fukuda, Isamu Miura, Akane Tanda, Tomomi Ishikawa, Akitsugu Kawashima, Takakazu Kawamata Source Type: research

Relationship between Carotid Computed Tomography Dual-Energy and Brain Leukoaraiosis
The purpose of this study was to assess if there is a correlation between the carotid computed tomography (CT) Hounsfield unit (HU)-based plaque attenuation values measured using dual-energy CT (DECT) scanner and brain leukoaraiosis (LA).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Luca Saba, Roberto Sanfilippo, Antonella Balestrieri, Fulvio Zaccagna, Giovanni Maria Argiolas, Jasjit S. Suri, Roberto Montisci Source Type: research

Case of 78-Year-Old Male with Cerebral Gas Embolism Associated with Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema
Cerebral gas embolism (CGE) from the thoracic cavity is commonly associated with invasive procedures, and cases of spontaneous CGE are rare. A 78-year-old man presented with severe spontaneous CGE associated with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE). To the best of our knowledge, the comorbidity of CGE in a CPFE patient has not been documented until now. The patient became unconscious with left hemiparesis at approximately 2 a.m. Computed tomography scan revealed minute air densities scattered in the deep white matter of the right frontal lobe.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuichiro Shirota, Takahiro Nakayama, Mizuki Kitamura, Ichiro Imafuku Tags: Case Studies Source Type: research

Herniation despite Decompressive Hemicraniectomy in Large Hemispherical Ischemic Strokes
Despite decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC), progressive herniation resulting in death has been reported following middle cerebral artery (MCA) strokes. We aimed to determine the surgical parameters measured on brain computed tomography (CT) scan that are associated with progressive herniation despite DHC in large MCA strokes.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 26, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Archana Hinduja, Rohan Samant, Dongxia Feng, Yousef Hannawi Source Type: research

In Response to: De Bernardo, M and Rosa, N. “Transorbital Sonography to Evaluate Optic Nerve in Hypertensive Encephalopathy”
We thank Bernardo and Rosa for their interest in our recent publication about optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement by ultrasound (US).1 Their comments gave us further insight into this method. They mentioned 2 concerns about our case: first, that measurements by B-scan are not sensitive enough to detect slight changes in ONSD, and, second, that measurements in our case did not appropriately evaluate the same portion.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 3, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Takaya Kitano, Yoshiki Yagita Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Visual Rating Scales of White Matter Hyperintensities and Atrophy: Comparison of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
We examined the relationships between visual ratings of WMH, atrophy, and old infarcts in patients who had both CT and MRI scans.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Karen J. Ferguson, Vera Cvoro, Alasdair M.J. MacLullich, Susan D. Shenkin, Peter A.G. Sandercock, Eleni Sakka, Joanna M. Wardlaw Source Type: research

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