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Challenges in Brain Death Determination and Apnea Testing for Patients with COVID-19
Apnea testing remains essential for the clinical evaluation of brain death determination. In patients who test positive for SARS-CoV-2, disconnecting the patient from the ventilator and introducing high flow oxygen into the endotracheal tube increases the risk for aerosolization of airway secretions and exposure of the examiner.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Yazan Radaideh, Rajeev Garg, Amina A. Abdalla, Ankeet D Patel, Sayona John, Ivan Da Silva Source Type: research

Covid-19 and major organ thromboembolism: manifestations in neurovascular and cardiovascular systems.
COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been shown to cause multisystemic damage. We undertook a systematic literature review and comprehensive analysis of a total of 55 articles on arterial and venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 and articles on previous pandemics with respect to thromboembolism and compared the similarities and differences between them. The presence of thrombosis in multiple organ systems points to thromboembolism being an integral component in the pathogenesis of this disease.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 24, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Presaad Pillai, Joyce Pauline Joseph, Nurul Huda Mohamad Fadzillah, Masliza Mahmod Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Acute Cerebrovascular Disorders and Vasculopathies associated with Significant Mortality in SARS-CoV-2 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit in The New York Epicenter
We present a case series of consecutive COVID-19 patients with cerebrovascular disease treated at our institution including 3 cases of cerebral artery dissection including subarachnoid hemorrhage. Knowledge of the varied presentations including dissections will help treating clinicians at the bedside monitor and manage these complications preemptively.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 31, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Fawaz Al-Mufti, Christian Becker, Haris Kamal, Hussein Alshammari, Vincent Dodson, Rolla Nuoman, Katarina Dakay, Jared Coper, Edwin Gulko, Gurmeen Kaur, Ramandeep Sahni, Corey Scurlock, Stephan A. Mayer, Chirag D. Gandhi Source Type: research

Intracranial hemorrhage in hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Case Series
The SARS-CoV-2 virus causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with almost 30 million confirmed worldwide cases. Prothrombotic complications arising from those affected with severe symptoms have been reported in various medical journals. Currently, clinical trials are underway to address the questions regarding anticoagulation dosing strategies to prevent thrombosis for these critically ill patients. However, given the increasing use of therapeutic anticoagulation in patients admitted with COVID-19 to curtail this prothrombotic state, our institution has witnessed six cases of devastating intracrania...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 31, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Fady Mousa-Ibrahim, Stephanie Berg, Oluwatobi Odetola, Michael Teitcher, Sean Ruland Source Type: research

COVID-19 Respiratory Illness and Subsequent Cerebrovascular Events, the Initial Iranian Experience
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has rapidly spread across the world, currently affecting more than 39 million people, leading to major societal, economical and health care system distruptions.1 Older adults and those with vascular co-morbidities are disproportionately affected.2,3 More than one third of patients who required intensive care unit admission had at least one underlying vascular risk factor.4 In addition to respiratory symptoms, COVID-19 infection can also lead to hematological and cardiac complications.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 6, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Behnam Sabayan, Mohsen Moghadami, Farhad Assarzadegan, Sahar Hojjat-Anasri Komachali, Leila Poordast, Zabihollah Babaeepour, Seyed Amir Ebrahimzadeh, Ava Hamidi, Zeinab Hasheminejad, Elahe Mohammadi-Vosough, Hamid Reza Mirkarimi, Sepideh Paybast, Nasrin R Source Type: research

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis In COVID-19 Infection: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) infection, has recently been associated with a myriad of hematologic derangements; in particular, an unusually high incidence of venous thromboembolism has been reported in patients with COVID-19 infection. It is postulated that either the cytokine storm induced by the viral infection or endothelial damage caused by viral binding to the ACE-2 receptor may activate a cascade leading to a hypercoaguable state. Although pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis have been well described in patients with COVID-19 infection, there is a paucity of literature o...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 6, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Katarina Dakay, Jared Cooper, Jessica Bloomfield, Philip Overby, Stephan A. Mayer, Rolla Nuoman, Ramandeep Sahni, Edwin Gulko, Gurmeen Kaur, Justin Santarelli, Chirag D. Gandhi, Fawaz Al-Mufti Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Postpartum Atypical Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a COVID-19 Patient – An Obstetric Emergency
Encephalopathy in COVID-19 has been widely reported with several reports of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) speculated to be due to an abrupt surge in blood pressure caused by coronavirus disease. Though peripartum posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is well recognized, its atypical variant with hemorrhage is uncommon. Peripartum atypical posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome with COVID-19 requires early recognition and warrants dedicated inter-disciplinary management.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 26, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Sripadma P.V., Ashish Rai, Chetan Wadhwa Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

The Incidence and Mortality Ratio of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Accidents in Covid-19 Cases: A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily known as a respiratory illness; however, a wide variety of symptoms and complications of the central nervous system (CNS), such as ischemic cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) have been reported. Hereby, we provide a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the literature, investigating the incidence of ischemic CVA and the mortality due to it in the setting of COVID-19.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 17, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Sina Parsay, Armin Vosoughi, Aytak Khabbaz, Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Intracranial Hemorrhage in COVID-19 Patients
To describe the clinical, laboratory, temporal, radiographic, and outcome features of acute Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) in COVID-19 patients.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Sanskriti Mishra, Murray Choueka, Qiang Wang, Chloe Hu, Stephanie Visone, Michael Silver, Evan G. Stein, Steven R. Levine, Qingliang T. Wang Source Type: research

Adaptive approach to endovascular management of large vessel occlusion during the COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedented strain on the health care system. An adaptive strategy for the handling of thrombectomy for patients with large vessel occlusion has evolved at our center to optimize patient care while also minimizing risk of virus transmission. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the new thrombectomy protocol by comparing thrombectomy times and patient outcomes during the pandemic and pre pandemic period.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 29, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Borna Ethan Tabibian, Sasha G. Howell, Arsalaan Salehani, Ekaterina Bakradze, Mark Harrigan Source Type: research

Kidney Disease and Epilepsy
The family of a 47-year-old man with end stage renal failure on hemodialysis brought him to the emergency room. He had missed 3 sessions of dialysis due to concerns for COVID-19 precautions. He had developed increasing confusion and generalized weakness. Examination showed altered mental status and disorientation to date and place. He had bilateral gaze evoked nystagmus and asterixis in his upper extremities. His lab work showed Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) of 75  mg/dL and Creatinine of 6.2 mg/dL. His EEG showed generalized triphasic waves (Fig. 1).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Mona Sazgar Source Type: research

COVID-19 Associated Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome Successfully Treated with Nimodipine and Aspirin
A 31-year-old sexually active, non-smoker female with a past medical history of spina-bifida and idiopathic thoracolumbar scoliosis status post hardware spinal fusion surgery five years ago presented with a one-day history of severe holocranial headaches associated with nausea and visual changes. A thorough neurological examination was intact. She complained of mild cough as well. She had a positive nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 on RT-PCR assay. A comprehensive drug screen including amphetamines, cocaine, nicotine, alcohol, and ecstasy as well as a pregnancy test were negative; coagulation profile was within normal limits.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Tarab Mansoor, Ali A. Alsarah, Hossein Mousavi, Javed Elyias, Tarun Girotra, Omar Hussein Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Cerebral venous thrombosis following COVID-19 vaccination
We appreciate the literature review by Abdalkader et al.1 to summarize the clinical epidemiology and features of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Based on the meta-analysis performed by Baldini et al.,2 the estimated proportion of CVT cases among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was 0.08%; therefore, it is not surprising that COVID-19 associated CVT had not been given much attention compared to the more common deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism events in this patient population.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Chia Siang Kow, Syed Shahzad Hasan Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Elevated Lipoprotein(a) and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in COVID-19
in response to “Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in COVID-19 Patients: Multicenter Study and Review of Literature” by Abdalkader et al.1
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Alpo Vuorio, Markku Kaste, Petri T. Kovanen Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Reply to Letter to Editor
We sincerely thank Dr Au for the interest in our article, “Stroke as a Neurological Complication of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Incidence, Outcomes and Predictors” and her concern regarding possible overlap between some of the studies included in our analysis. This has been a significant issue for researchers conducting systemati c reviews during the COVID-19 pandemic as the urgent need for data can result in datasets being included in multiple manuscripts but their providence not clearly reported.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 23, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Isabel Siow, Keng Siang Lee, John J.Y. Zhang, Seyed Ehsan Saffari, Adeline Ng, Barnaby Young Source Type: research

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