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Oral care post-stroke
Strokes occur annually in about 15 million people across the world, with 5 million dying and 5 million becoming permanently disabled. The establishment of good oral health care (OHC) after stroke is often of lower priority than the other health problems of these individuals, and OHC after stroke may be inadequate, leading to additional health concerns. Persons who have had a stroke may have difficulty independently completing the needed OHC tasks because of hemiparesis, hemiplegia, lack of coordination, or cognitive deficits.
Source: Dental Abstracts - May 1, 2015 Category: Dentistry Tags: Hands On Source Type: research

Lower your stroke risk—eat some chocolate!
“Take one chocolate bar a week for a healthy heart.” This advice isn’t being given out yet by our doctors, but researchers at Stockholm’s Karolinska Institute found that men who ate the most chocolate—about 2.2 ounces per week—had a 17% lower risk of stroke than men who ate little or no chocolate. Combining this research with four previous studies, including a nearly identical study on women, and reanalyzing the results showed that men and women who ate the most chocolate had a 19% lower risk of stroke compared to those who ate the least chocolate.
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2014 Category: Dentistry Tags: Extracts Source Type: research

Risk for vascular events
Vascular diseases are among the leading causes of death in the United States, and oral health care providers need guidance as to when to treat patients who have recently experienced cerebral and cardiovascular events. Traditional recommendations are to postpone nonemergency dental procedures for up to 6 months after patients have a stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), or acute myocardial infarction (MI). The basis for these recommendations is the inflammatory processes associated with the pathophysiology of vascular events, which may be exacerbated by surgery, infection, and/or bacteremia. The oral cavity can be a sour...
Source: Dental Abstracts - January 1, 2014 Category: Dentistry Tags: Oral Medicine Source Type: research

Dabigatran anticoagulation
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common heart arrhythmia for which anticoagulant agents such as warfarin are prescribed. A recently licensed anticoagulant, dabigatran (Pradaxa), diminishes the risk of stroke or systemic emboli in patients with AF and those having joint replacement surgery. Adult patients with non-valvular AF with previous stroke, transient ischemic attack or systemic embolism, left ventricular ejection fraction less than 40%, symptomatic heart failure exceeding New York Heart Association class 2, or age over 65 years with diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease or hypertension are also candidates for dabigatran therapy.
Source: Dental Abstracts - May 1, 2015 Category: Dentistry Tags: Hands On Source Type: research

Comorbid conditions
The term sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) includes several specific disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea (CSA), and periodic breathing disorders. Symptoms these disorders share include restless sleep, recurrent nighttime awakenings, and/or excessive daytime somnolence. The physiologic consequences of having a narrow airway and the body's responses to the condition contribute to an increased risk of medical morbidity and mortality. As a result, SRBD and several medical conditions may be linked through multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms. Among the possible medical conditions are hyp...
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2013 Category: Dentistry Tags: Breathing Disorders Source Type: research

Aspirin therapy
Periodontitis involves inflammation caused by complex interactions between plaque microorganisms and the host immune system. An imbalance in the host response causes local tissue destruction, so the ability to modulate host response pathways may help to treat periodontal disease. Aspirin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting prostanoid synthesis. Prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) is an important prostanoid product that participates in the pathogenesis of destructive periodontal disease. Aspirin has a powerful inhibitor effect on cyclo-oxygenase metabolites such as PGE2. Low-dose aspirin is taken by many middle-aged and elde...
Source: Dental Abstracts - May 1, 2013 Category: Dentistry Tags: Periodontal Disease Source Type: research

Taking evidence-based advice
Tension exists today between those who tout autonomy of thought and action as the highest good and those who seek to impose population-wide solutions to problems based on evidence from rigorous scientific investigation. Studies show that older Americans treated aggressively to control blood pressure to 120 mm Hg or less have a diminished risk of stroke and heart attack with no adverse risk of injury from falls caused by medication compared to those whose target blood pressure is 140 mm Hg. As a result, a lower blood pressure goal is appropriate for the majority of the population over age 50 years based on scientific evidence.
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 24, 2016 Category: Dentistry Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research

Move more, sit less
What do Thomas Jefferson, Ernest Hemingway, Winston Churchill, and Donald Rumsfeld have in common? The virtues of a standing desk—and now researchers from Kansas State University find that less time sitting and more time moving lowers the risk for chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, stroke, breast cancer, and colon cancer. Just standing more and sitting less can affect health and quality of life.
Source: Dental Abstracts - April 30, 2016 Category: Dentistry Tags: Extracts Source Type: research

Oral appliances
In addition to a significant negative effect on quality of life, serious health consequences are associated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), including hypertension, ischemic heart disease, stroke, neurocognitive abnormalities, and mental health problems. Treatment can range from conservative measures to surgery, with oral appliances (OAs) becoming a popular option. These devices are noninvasive and can be effective, depending on patient compliance. Appliances can be divided into mandibular advancement devices, tongue-retaining devices, and soft palate−lifting devices.
Source: Dental Abstracts - June 30, 2016 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research

Novel oral anticoagulants
Anticoagulants are often prescribed for patients who have thromboembolic disease or are at risk for thromboembolism or embolic stroke. These agents work by changing the physiologic procoagulant and anticoagulant pathways, either preventing the formation of a clot or slowing progression of an existing clot. The traditional oral anticoagulant is warfarin, which is highly effective in treating thromboembolic disease when carefully managed, but it has the drawbacks of needing frequent monitoring of the patient ’s international normalized ratio (INR) and being associated with patient noncompliance.
Source: Dental Abstracts - December 23, 2016 Category: Dentistry Tags: Hands On Source Type: research

Palm reading to indicate health status? get a grip!
A study of 140,000 people in 14 countries suggests grip strength may predict the risk of having a heart attack, a stroke, or dying young more accurately than measures of blood pressure. Researchers see it as a simple, inexpensive test but others question the legitimacy of any link between grip strength and future heart problems.
Source: Dental Abstracts - June 14, 2017 Category: Dentistry Tags: Extract Source Type: research

Dental procedures in patients taking antithrombotics
Patients taking medications for thrombus or clot formation disorders are often seen in the dental office. These individuals are at a higher risk for bleeding while they are taking these medications, yet their risk for stroke, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and venous thromboembolism (VTE) increases if the medications are discontinued. Dental practitioners have followed various recommendations for the use of these agents, but newer agents have come on the market and recommendations change. Antithrombotics fall into the categories of anticoagulant, antiplatelet, or fibrinolytic agents.
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2017 Category: Dentistry Tags: Hands On Source Type: research

Obstructive sleep apnea surgery
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep. The result is fragmented sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness; hypoxia and hypercarbia; decreased vigilance, motor coordination, and executive function; depression; and decreased quality of life. If untreated, the patient can develop hypertension, arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, a higher risk for cardiovascular events, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Both stroke and all-cause mortality are both increased as OSA increases in severity.
Source: Dental Abstracts - June 21, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research

Algorithm to analyze cardiac risk
The risk of suffering a cardiac event related to invasive dental treatment is higher in the first 4 weeks after the treatment compared to other time periods. For patients who have cardiac disease, an additional risk for major cardiac events or stroke exists. To judge the risk for such cardiac responses, dentists would benefit from having a method of identifying patients with heart disease whose condition puts them at higher cardiac risk levels. Several factors contribute to the higher risk for cardiac problems, including the widespread occurrence of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and related comorbidities in dental...
Source: Dental Abstracts - November 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Hands On Source Type: research