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TRPM2 in ischemic stroke: Structure, molecular mechanisms, and drug intervention.
Authors: Wang Q, Liu N, Ni YS, Yang JM, Ma L, Lan XB, Wu J, Niu JG, Yu JQ Abstract Ischemic stroke has a high lethality rate worldwide, and novel treatments are limited. Calcium overload is considered to be one of the mechanisms of cerebral ischemia. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive calcium channel. Cerebral ischemia-induced TRPM2 activation triggers abnormal intracellular Ca2+ accumulation and cell death, which in turn causes irreversible brain damage. Thus, TRPM2 has emerged as a new therapeutic target for ischemic stroke. This review provides data on ...
Source: Channels - January 21, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Channels (Austin) Source Type: research

Kv1.3 inhibition attenuates neuroinflammation through disruption of microglial calcium signaling.
Authors: Fomina AF, Nguyen HM, Wulff H Abstract In the last 5 years inhibitors of the potassium channel KV1.3 have been shown to reduce neuroinflammation in rodent models of ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and traumatic brain injury. At the systemic level these beneficial actions are mediated by a reduction in microglia activation and a suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production. However, the molecular mechanisms for the suppressive action of KV1.3 blockers on pro-inflammatory microglia functions was not known until our group recently demonstrated that KV1.3 chan...
Source: Channels - December 29, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Channels (Austin) Source Type: research

PAC proton-activated chloride channel contributes to acid-induced cell death in primary rat cortical neurons.
Authors: Osei-Owusu J, Yang J, Del Carmen Vitery M, Tian M, Qiu Z Abstract Severe local acidosis causes tissue damage and pain, and is associated with many diseases, including cerebral and cardiac ischemia, cancer, infection, and inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms of the cellular response to extracellular acidic environment are not fully understood. We recently identified a novel and evolutionarily conserved membrane protein, PAC (also known as PACC1 or TMEM206), encoding the proton-activated chloride (Cl-) channel, whose activity is widely observed in human cell lines. We demonstrated that genetic del...
Source: Channels - February 26, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Channels (Austin) Source Type: research

Potassium channel expression and function in microglia: Plasticity and possible species variations.
Authors: Nguyen HM, Blomster LV, Christophersen P, Wulff H Abstract Potassium channels play important roles in microglia functions and thus constitute potential targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and stroke. However, uncertainty still prevails as to which potassium channels are expressed and at what levels in different species, how the expression pattern changes upon activation with M1 or M2 polarizing stimuli compared to more complex exposure paradigms, and - most importantly - how these findings relate to the in vivo situation. In this mini-review we discuss the ...
Source: Channels - March 11, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Channels (Austin) Source Type: research

Acid-sensing ion channels: Trafficking and pathophysiology.
Authors: Zeng WZ, Liu DS, Xu TL Abstract Abstract Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are proton-gated cation channels that are widely expressed in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. ASICs contribute to a variety of pathophysiological conditions that involve tissue acidosis, such as ischemic stroke, epileptic seizures and multiple sclerosis. Although much progress has been made in researching the structure-function relationship and pharmacology of ASICs, little is known about the trafficking of ASICs and its contribution to ASIC function. The recent identification of the mechanism of membrane insertion ...
Source: Channels - December 10, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Channels (Austin) Source Type: research

Pannexins after stroke: Knocking-out membrane channels to improve neurological function.
PMID: 23665614 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Channels - March 1, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Rosell A Tags: Channels (Austin) Source Type: research