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Body Mass Index Variability and Long-term Risk of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in the General Population: A Korean Nationwide Cohort Study
To assess the effects of body mass index (BMI) variability on the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF), stroke, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, and CV outcomes in a general Asian population.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - January 31, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Yeong-Min Lim, Pil-Sung Yang, Eunsun Jang, Hee Tae Yu, Tae-Hoon Kim, Jae-Sun Uhm, Jong-Youn Kim, Hui-Nam Pak, Moon-Hyoung Lee, Boyoung Joung, Gregory Y.H. Lip Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A Review of Sex-Related Differences in Predisposition and Prevention
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, compiled data suggest that type 2 diabetes affects the risk of cardiovascular disease differentially according to sex. In recent years, large meta-analyses have confirmed that women with type 2 diabetes have a higher relative risk of incident coronary heart disease, fatal coronary heart disease, and stroke compared with their male counterparts. The reasons for these disparities are not completely elucidated. A greater burden of cardiometabolic risk in women was proposed as a partial explanation.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - January 31, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Abdallah Al-Salameh, Philippe Chanson, Sophie Bucher, Virginie Ringa, Laurent Becquemont Tags: Review Source Type: research

Low-Sodium Intake: A Risk Factor for Stroke?
The recent findings by Kieneker et  al1 represent the first convincing evidence that a low sodium intake might be linked to an increased cerebrovascular risk. The highly cited papers by a Canadian group2 already claimed to show a sort of J-shaped association between sodium intake and cardiovascular events, but there are limitations to these studies, as has been discussed previously.3
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - March 31, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Natale Musso, Andrea Dotto Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

In reply —Sauna Bathing and Healthy Sweating
We thank Eiser and Brooks for their comments about the health benefits of sauna bathing. Regular sauna bathing has some beneficial effects on blood pressure, cardiometabolic biomarkers, arterial compliance, and cardiovascular function.1 Our prospective studies have shown that higher frequency and duration of sauna bathing are related to a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality, sudden cardiac death, stroke, hypertension, pulmonary diseases, and dementia.1-3 The feelings of relaxation and promotion of mental health and well-being associated with sauna sessions might be linked to the increased production of circulating level...
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - March 31, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jari A. Laukkanen, Tanjaniina Laukkanen, Setor Kunutsor Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Analysis of Vascular Event Risk After Herpes Zoster From 2007 to 2014 US Insurance Claims Data
To estimate the risk of transient ischemic attack (TIA), stroke, and myocardial infarction in periods covering 4 weeks before to 52 weeks after herpes zoster (HZ) diagnosis in US adults.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - April 3, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Brandon J. Patterson, Debora A. Rausch, Debra E. Irwin, Michael Liang, Songkai Yan, Barbara P. Yawn Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Vascular Event Risk After Herpes Zoster
We have read the article by Patterson et  al1 published in the April 2019 issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings. The authors performed an interesting study using propensity score to evaluate the cardiovascular disease risk during the prodromal period and aggregate period of herpes zoster (HZ) infection. The incidence rate calculated according to the time line before and after the index date also provided valuable information on the following cardiovascular risk. Evidence from large population-based studies suggests a transiently increased risk of stroke after HZ.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - July 31, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Yi-Ting Lin, Ping-Hsun Wu Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Strategies of Screening for Fabry Disease in Patients with Unexplained Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
In a recent article, Newman et  al1 presented the results of screening for Fabry disease in 1192 adult patients with suspected hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and compared the cost efficacy of α-galactosidase A (α-gal A) measurement with comprehensive galactosidase alpha gene (GLA) testing. The established prevalence of Fabry dise ase was 0.42% and comparable to that in the previous studies. Routine α-gal A measurement followed by confirmatory GLA testing is a well-accepted strategy of screening for Fabry disease in groups that are at risk, which include patients with unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy, end-stage ren...
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - July 31, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Sergey Moiseev, Ekaterina Karovaikina, Alexey Moiseev, Nikolai Bulanov, Victor Fomin Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

82-Year-Old Woman With Acute-Onset Left-Sided Weakness
An 82-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension presented to the emergency department with sudden onset of left arm and leg weakness. She was sitting in church when she developed left-sided posterior neck and shoulder pain, followed 1 hour later by sudden-onset dense left-sided weakness. Emergency medical services were called, and they activated the prehospital stroke-notification protocol. The patient arrived at the emergency department approximately 30 minutes after the onset of the weakness.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - December 31, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ronstan Lobo, Adam P. Sawatsky Tags: Residents ’ clinic Source Type: research

Legacy of Nutritionist Ancel Keys
A diet high in saturated fat increases risk for heart disease and stroke. We know this, but few can recall who first uncovered the connection. It was Ancel Keys — a name to note and remember. Some 60 years ago, he was a luminary in medical science with a reputation that reached ordinary Americans. In 1961, his image graced the cover of TIME magazine. He was the first to promote the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet. An esteemed professor at the Un iversity of Minnesota, Ancel Keys was brilliant, bold, and worldly.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - February 29, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Phillip B. Sparling Tags: Letter to the editor Source Type: research

91-Year-Old Man With Upper Extremity Ecchymoses
A 91-year-old man with a medical history significant for previous ischemic stroke, tuberculosis status post lung resection, and type 2 diabetes mellitus presented to his primary care physician with extensive non-traumatic bruising of the bilateral upper extremities.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - February 29, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ryan B. Khodadadi, John R. Ogden, Ariela L. Marshall Tags: Residents ’ clinic Source Type: research

A Review of Hypertension Management in Black Male Patients
Hypertension affects approximately 85 million Americans, or almost 1 in 3 adults. Black men have disproportionately higher rates of hypertension and are more likely to experience complications of hypertension, including stroke, myocardial infarction, and death. In addition, hypertensive black men are less likely to achieve optimal blood pressure (BP) than women and persons of other races. In light of this, we performed a literature search for articles published from January 1, 1966, to December 31, 2018, using terms including hypertension, blood pressure, black male, and African American male.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - April 6, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Elisabeth M. Sulaica, Joshua T. Wollen, John Kotter, Tracy E. Macaulay Tags: Review Source Type: research

End-Stage Renal Disease, Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation, and the Warfarin Dilemma
There are more than 660,000 Americans with kidney failure and nearly 470,000 on dialysis.1 Of these, estimates of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) approach 20%.2 Atrial fibrillation nearly doubles the anticipated mortality and increases the stroke risk by approximately six-fold in these patients. The intersection between end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and NVAF is complicated and not easily parsed. Atrial fibrillation likely increases the rate of progression to ESRD in patients with underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - May 31, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Robert D. McBane Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Telestroke in the Time of COVID-19: The Mayo Clinic Experience
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic, and in the weeks following, public health organizations, medical associations, and governing bodies throughout the world recommended limiting contact with others to “flatten the curve” of COVID-19. Although both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes have been reported with COVID-19, there has been anecdotal suggestion of an overall decrease in stroke admissions. To date, the effects of any pandemic on telestroke service lines have not been described.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - June 12, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Josephine F. Huang, Melanie R.F. Greenway, Deena M. Nasr, Felix E. Chukwudelunzu, Bart M. Demaerschalk, Cumara B. O ’Carroll, Charisse A. Nord, Emily A. Pahl, Kevin M. Barrett, Lindsy N. Williams Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Introduction to Thematic Reviews on Neurovascular Diseases
This is an unprecedented era in the evolution of endovascular and surgical management options for the spectrum of neurovascular diseases seen in clinical practice. While stroke remains the fourth-leading cause of death, and the leading cause of disability in the United States, interventional techniques are now available that can lead to a favorable outcome in some situations in which death or disability would have undoubtedly occurred just a few years ago.1 In this issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings, the first of several articles will appear as part of a Thematic Review Series on Neurovascular Diseases.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - June 30, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Robert D. Brown, Giuseppe Lanzino, David F. Kallmes Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Telestroke in the Time of COVID-19: The  Mayo Clinic Experience
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic, and in the weeks following, public health organizations, medical associations, and governing bodies throughout the world recommended limiting contact with others to “flatten the curve” of COVID-19. Although both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes have been reported with COVID-19, there has been anecdotal suggestion of an overall decrease in stroke admissions. To date, the effects of any pandemic on telestroke service lines have not been described.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - June 12, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Josephine F. Huang, Melanie R.F. Greenway, Deena M. Nasr, Felix E. Chukwudelunzu, Bart M. Demaerschalk, Cumara B. O ’Carroll, Charisse A. Nord, Emily A. Pahl, Kevin M. Barrett, Lindsy N. Williams Tags: Brief report Source Type: research

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