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Aging related functional and structural changes in the heart and aorta: MitoTEMPO improves aged-cardiovascular performance.
Abstract Aging in humans represents declining in cardio-protective systems, however its mechanisms are not known yet. We aimed to analyse how aging affects key mechanisms responsible for contractile dysfunction via comparing the improperly synchrony between electrical and mechanical activities in male aged-rats (24-month old) comparison to those of adult-rats (6-month old). We determined significantly increased systemic oxidative stress with decreased antioxidant capacity, clear insulin resistance and hypertrophy in aged-rats with normal fasting blood glucose. We also determined significantly high level of reactiv...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - June 13, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Olgar Y, Degirmenci S, Durak A, Billur D, Can B, Mutlu GK, Inan EA, Turan B Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Predictors of cognitive impairment assessed by Mini Mental State Examination in community-dwelling older adults: relevance of the step test.
CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort of older adults, step test duration was the most relevant predictor of cognitive impairment. PMID: 29601853 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Gerontology - March 27, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Muscari A, Spiller I, Bianchi G, Fabbri E, Forti P, Magalotti D, Pandolfi P, Zoli M, Pianoro Study Group Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Causal effects of cardiovascular risk factors on onset of major age-related diseases: A time-to-event Mendelian randomization study.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight the involvement of BMI in the development of multiple age-related diseases. We found that some observed causal associations can attribute to pleiotropic effects of some genetic variations. These findings have important implications in unraveling causal effects of common risk factors on age-related diseases and guiding effective intervention strategies to reduce the incidence of these diseases. PMID: 28964830 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 27, 2017 Category: Geriatrics Authors: He L, Culminskaya I, Loika Y, Arbeev KG, Bagley O, Duan M, Yashin AI, Kulminski AM Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Serum uric acid is associated with better executive function in men but not in women: Baseline assessment of the ELSA-Brasil study.
CONCLUSION: In a middle-aged subset population, SUA is associated with better performance on an executive function test in men, but not in women in the ELSA-Brasil cohort study. PMID: 28300627 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Gerontology - March 10, 2017 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Baena CP, Suemoto CK, Barreto S, Lotufo P, Benseñor I Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Aging leads to altered microglial function that reduces brain resiliency increasing vulnerability to neurodegenerative diseases.
Abstract Aging is the primary risk factor for many neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, understanding the basic biological changes that take place with aging that lead to the brain being less resilient to disease progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease or insults to the brain such as stroke or traumatic brain injuries. Clearly this will not cure the disease per se, yet increasing the ability of the brain to respond to injury could improve long term outcomes. The focus of this review is examining changes in microglia with age and possible therapeutic interventions i...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - February 1, 2017 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Bickford PC, Flowers A, Grimmig B Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Positive effects of intermittent fasting in ischemic stroke.
Abstract Intermittent fasting (IF) is a dietary protocol where energy restriction is induced by alternate periods of ad libitum feeding and fasting. Prophylactic intermittent fasting has been shown to extend lifespan and attenuate the progress and severity of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular (e.g. stroke and myocardial infarction), neurodegenerative (e.g. Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease) and cancerous diseases in animal models. Stroke is the second leading cause of death, and lifestyle risk factors such as obesity and physical inactivity have been associated with elevated risks of stroke in ...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - January 19, 2017 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Fann DY, Ng GY, Poh L, Arumugam TV Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Stem cell therapies in preclinical models of stroke. Is the aged brain microenvironment refractory to cell therapy?
CONCLUSION: While the middle aged brain does not seem to impair drug and cell therapies, in a real clinical practice involving older post-stroke patients, successful regenerative therapies would have to be carried out for a much longer time. PMID: 28093317 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Gerontology - January 12, 2017 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sandu RE, Balseanu A, Bogdan C, Slevin M, Petcu E, Popa-Wagner A Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Genetic variation in WRN and ischemic stroke: General population studies and meta-analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that common genetic variation in WRN is associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke in the general population. PMID: 28063943 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Gerontology - January 3, 2017 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Christoffersen M, Frikke-Schmidt R, Nordestgaard BG, Tybjærg-Hansen A Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

A novel mechanism of non-feminizing estrogens in neuroprotection.
Abstract Estrogens are potent and efficacious neuroprotectants both in vitro and in vivo in a variety of models of neurotoxicity. We determined the structural requirements for neuroprotection in an in vitro assay using a panel of >70 novel estratrienes, synthesized to reduce or eliminate estrogen receptor (ER) binding. We observed that neuroprotection could be enhanced by as much as 200-fold through modifications that positioned a large bulky group at the C2 or C4 position of the phenolic A ring of the estratriene. Further, substitutions on the B, C or D rings either reduced or did not markedly change neuroprot...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - November 2, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Engler-Chiurazzi EB, Covey DF, Simpkins JW Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Telomere length and health outcomes: A two-sample genetic instrumental variables analysis.
DISCUSSION: With the exception of a small contribution to heart disease, our findings suggest that TL may be a marker of disease rather than a cause. They also demonstrate the utility of the inverse variance-weighted meta-analytic approach when examining small effect sizes. PMID: 27321645 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Gerontology - June 15, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Hamad R, Walter S, Rehkopf DH Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Genetic determinants of swallowing impairments among community dwelling older population.
CONCLUSION: SNP rs17601696 may have an impact on swallowing impairment among elderly individuals. The results require replication in an independent cohort with appropriate phenotype/genotype data. PMID: 26116289 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Gerontology - June 24, 2015 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Raginis-Zborowska A, Mekli K, Payton A, Ollier W, Hamdy S, Pendleton N Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Leydig Cell Aging and Hypogonadism.
Abstract Leydig cell testosterone (T) production is reduced with age, resulting in reduced serum T levels (hypogonadism). A number of cellular changes have been identified in the steroidogenic pathway of aged Leydig cells that are associated with reduced T formation, including reductions in luteinizing hormone (LH)-stimulated cAMP production, the cholesterol transport proteins steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) protein and translocator protein (TSPO), and downstream steroidogenic enzymes of the mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Many of the changes in steroid formation that characterize aged Leydig ...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - February 17, 2015 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Beattie MC, Adekola L, Papadopoulos V, Chen H, Zirkin BR Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Thyroid function tests and early outcomes of acute ischemic stroke in older euthyroid patients.
Abstract Blood thyroid function tests (TFT) are routinely used to screen for thyroid disorders in several clinical settings. TFT on hospital admission may also be useful prognostic predictors of acute IS: according to recent evidence, poststroke outcome is better in patients with lower thyroid function and worse in those with higher thyroid function. However, previous reports are few and mostly compared patients with thyroid disorders to euthyroid patients. Thyroid disorders are known risk factors for cerebrovascular disease. However, hyperthyroidism is related to cardioembolic IS whereas hypothyroidism is related...
Source: Experimental Gerontology - November 18, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Forti P, Maioli F, Coveri M, Nativio V, Arnone G, Loreti A, Zoli M, Sacquegna T, Procaccianti G Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Brief dark exposure restored ocular dominance plasticity in aging mice and after a cortical stroke.
In conclusion, short-term DE was able to restore OD-plasticity in both adult and aging mice and even preserved plasticity after a cortical stroke, most likely mediated by reducing intracortical inhibition. PMID: 25220148 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Gerontology - September 12, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Stodieck SK, Greifzu F, Goetze B, Schmidt KF, Löwel S Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

Linking social capital and mortality in the elderly: A Swedish national cohort study.
CONCLUSION: There are associations between low linking social capital and mortality from chronic disorders and suicide in the elderly population. Community support for elderly people living in neighborhoods with low levels of linking social capital may need to be strengthened. PMID: 24632181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Gerontology - March 13, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Sundquist K, Hamano T, Li X, Kawakami N, Shiwaku K, Sundquist J Tags: Exp Gerontol Source Type: research

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