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Involvement of arterial baroreflex and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subunit pathway in the protection of metformin against stroke in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.
In conclusion, Met improved the arterial baroreflex function, and then enhancing cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in an α7nAChR-dependent manner, thereby effectively prevent ischemic induced brain injury and delayed stroke onset in SHRSP. PMID: 28132912 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - January 25, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Guo JM, Zhang L, Niu XC, Shu H, Wang L, Su DF, Zhang Y, Liu AJ, Zhu DQ, Xu JJ Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Ponatinib-induced ischemic stroke in larval zebrafish for drug screening.
In this study, using Ponatinib as an inducer, we developed and characterized a zebrafish ischemic stroke model. This zebrafish ischemic stroke had the cerebral vascular endothelial injury, thrombosis, reduced blood flow, inflammation and apoptosis as well as the reduced motility. The zebrafish ischemic stroke model was validated with 6 known human therapeutic drugs of ischemic stroke (Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Naoxintong capsules, Edaravone, Xingnaojing injection, Shuxuening injection). The mRNA levels of the neovascularization-related gene (vegfaa) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor gene (VEGFR), neurodevelopment...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - July 11, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhu XY, Xia B, Ye T, Dai MZ, Yang H, Li CQ, Li P Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Levosimendan alone and in combination with valsartan prevents stroke in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.
Abstract The effects of levosimendan on cerebrovascular lesions and mortality were investigated in models of primary and secondary stroke. We aimed to determine whether the effects of levosimendan are comparable to and/or cumulative with those of valsartan, and to investigate whether levosimendan-induced vasodilation has a role in its effects on stroke. In a primary stroke Dahl/Rapp rat model, mortality rates were 70% and 5% for vehicle and levosimendan, respectively. Both stroke incidence (85% vs. 10%, P<0.001) and stroke-associated behavioral deficits (7-point neuroscore: 4.59 vs. 5.96, P<0.001) were worse...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - January 29, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Levijoki J, Kivikko M, Pollesello P, Sallinen J, Hyttilä-Hopponen M, Kuoppamäki M, Haasio K, Gröhn O, Miettinen R, Puoliväli J, Tähtivaara L, Yrjänheikki J, Haapalinna A Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

The role of heat shock protein 70 in the protective effect of YC-1 on heat stroke rats.
Abstract Heat stroke is a life-threatening illness characterized by an elevated core body temperature. Despite adequate lowering of the body temperature and support treatment of multiple organ-system function, heat stroke is often fatal. 3-(5'-Hydoxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzyl-indazol (YC-1) been identified as an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase. To evaluate whether YC-1 protects multiple organ dysfunctions and improves survival during heat stroke and its mechanism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats untreated or treated with either YC-1 or quercetin (heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 inhibitor) were exposures to heat as a mo...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - December 5, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lam KK, Cheng PY, Lee YM, Liu YP, Cheng Ding J, Liu WH, Yen MH Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

EZH2 inhibitor DZNep modulates microglial activation and protects against ischaemic brain injury after experimental stroke.
Abstract Enhancer of zeste homolog-2 (EZH2), a histone methyltransferase, has been recognized to play a pivotal role in regulating the immune response in various diseases. However, its role in the inflammatory response induced by ischaemic stroke remains to be further investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the role of EZH2 in microglia-associated inflammation in ischaemic stroke and to further detect the effects of the EZH2 inhibitor, 3-deazaadenosine A (DZNep), in ischaemic brain injury. Here, we found that both in vivo ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury and in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) ...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - June 12, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Chen J, Zhang M, Zhang X, Fan L, Liu P, Yu L, Cao X, Qiu S, Xu Y Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Combination treatment of r-tPA and an optimized human apyrase reduces mortality rate and hemorrhagic transformation 6h after ischemic stroke in aged female rats.
In this study, combination of r-tPA and APT102, a novel form of human apyrase/ADPase, was investigated in a clinically-relevant aged-female rat embolic ischemic stroke model. We propose that successfully extending the therapeutic window of r-tPA administration would represent a significant advance in the treatment of ischemic stroke due to a significant increase in the number of patients eligible for treatment. Results of our study showed significantly reduced mortality from 47% with r-tPA alone to 16% with co-administration of APT102 and r-tPA. Co-administration decreased cortical (47±5% vs. 29±5%), striatal (50±2%, vs...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - June 13, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tan Z, Li X, Turner RC, Logsdon AF, Lucke-Wold B, DiPasquale K, Soeg Jeong S, Chen R, Huber JD, Rosen CL Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Hypoxia/ischemia a key player in early post stroke seizures: Modulation by opioidergic and nitrergic systems.
In this study, we aimed to examine the possible involvement of opioidergic and nitrergic pathways in the pathogenesis of post-stroke seizure. H/I was induced by right common carotid ligation and sham-operated mice served as controls. We demonstrated that right common carotid ligation decreases the threshold for clonic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), a GABA antagonist. Furthermore, pro-convulsive effect of H/I following right common carotid ligation was blocked by naltrexone (NTX) (3mg/kg), NG-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) (10mg/kg), and aminoguanidine (AG) (100mg/kg) administration (P<0.001). Inte...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - November 15, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gooshe M, Abdolghaffari AH, Aleyasin AR, Chabouk L, Tofigh S, Hassanzadeh GR, Payandemehr B, Partoazar A, Azizi Y, Dehpour AR Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Opening the window: Ischemic postconditioning reduces the hyperemic response of delayed tissue plasminogen activator and extends its therapeutic time window in an embolic stroke model.
In conclusion, PC hampered malignant hyperemia after reperfusion with tPA and extended its therapeutic window up to 6h. Compared to PC alone, combination of thrombolysis and PC showed a better neuroprotection. PMID: 26123846 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - June 27, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Esmaeeli-Nadimi A, Kennedy D, Allahtavakoli M Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase 1 promotes brain injury by disturbing mitochondrial dynamics in a rat model of ischemic stroke.
This study aims to explore whether Mul1 contributes to brain injury in ischemic stroke and the underlying mechanisms. First, a rat ischemic stroke model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), which showed ischemic injuries (increase in neurological deficit score and infarct volume) and upregulation of Mul1 in brain tissues. Next, Mul1 siRNAs were injected intracerebroventricularly to knockdown Mul1 expression, which evidently attenuated brain injuries (decrease in neurological deficit score, infarct volume and caspase-3 activity), restored mitochondrial dynamics and functions (decreases in mitochondria...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - August 16, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ren KD, Liu WN, Tian J, Zhang YY, Peng JJ, Zhang D, Li NS, Yang J, Peng J, Luo XJ Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

The natural (poly)phenols as modulators of microglia polarization via TLR4/NF- κB pathway exert anti-inflammatory activity in ischemic stroke
Eur J Pharmacol. 2021 Dec 1:174660. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174660. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIncreasing evidences suggest that inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of stroke, a devastating disease second only to cardiac ischemia as a cause of death worldwide. Microglia are the first non-neuronal cells on the scene during the innate immune response to acute ischemic stroke. Microglia respond to acute brain injury by activating and developing classic M1-like (pro-inflammatory) or alternative M2-like (anti-inflammatory) phenotypes. M1 microglia produce pro-inflammatory cytokines to exacerbate neural death...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - December 5, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ruoqi Li Yuan Zhou Shanshan Zhang Jieying Li Yingyi Zheng Xiang Fan Source Type: research

Rutin protects hemorrhagic stroke development via supressing oxidative stress and inflammatory events in a zebrafish model
Eur J Pharmacol. 2022 Apr 22:174973. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174973. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIntracerebral haemorrhagic (ICH) stroke is a major cause of death and disability globally, with no proper treatment available so far. Rutin, a dietary flavonoid, has shown protection against cerebral ischemic stroke due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory attributes. However, the efficacy of rutin against ICH stroke remained unexplored. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the effect of rutin in an ICH stroke zebrafish larva model. The larvae were exposed to atorvastatin (1.25 μM) in system water for indu...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - April 26, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Anil Kumar Rana Supriya Sharma Shiv Kumar Saini Damanpreet Singh Source Type: research

A comparative study of the neuroprotective effects of dl-3-n-butylphthalide and edaravone dexborneol on cerebral ischemic stroke rats
CONCLUSIONS: NBP and Eda-Dex improved neurological function and alleviated cognitive disorders in rats with ischemic stroke by synergistically inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress.PMID:37207969 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175801
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - May 19, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hui Zhang Laifa Wang Bi Zhu Yongping Yang Chuanhai Cai Xueqin Wang Ling Deng Binsheng He Yanhui Cui Wenhu Zhou Source Type: research

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