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Carnosol Inhibits Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting AMPK Activation
CONCLUSION: Carnosol has a protective effect on ischemic stroke, and this effect is achieved through AMPK activation. Our study demonstrates the protective effect of carnosol on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and provides a new perspective for the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke.PMID:36775042 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.02.003
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - February 12, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Wen-Chang Xiao Gang Zhou Lu Wan Jun Tu Yong-Jie Yu Zhi-Gang She Chun-Lin Xu Lei Wang Source Type: research

The effects of the superoxide dismutase mimetic, MnTMPyP, post hypoxia and oxygen glucose deprivation, in isolated rat hippocampal slices
We report a novel modulatory effect of MnTMPyP on synaptic transmission post hypoxia and OGD, an effect specific to the CA1 region of the hippocampus. This reduction of the fEPSP by MnTMPyP post hypoxia in the CA1 was attenuated through the co-application of the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist, DPCPX (200nM), and the NMDA receptor antagonists, AP-5 (10µM) and DCKA (5µM). These effects were not observed in the OGD model. Our organotypic data demonstrated a protective role for MnTMPyP, where slices had significantly less cell death in the CA1 region post hypoxia and OGD, compared to controls. Taken together, our results s...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - October 2, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Niamh Moreton Martina Puzio John J O'Connor Source Type: research

Preconditioning exercise reduces hippocampal neuronal damage via increasing Klotho expression in ischemic rats
In this study, we assessed neuroprotective effects of preconditioning exercise in rats (treadmill running at a speed of 20m/min,30min/day, six days/week, for3 weeks) on hippocampal Klotho and MnSOD expression in the brain using an animal model of stroke, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Our study revealed a reduction in hippocampal Klotho and MnSOD expression as well as CA1 neuronal activity in MCAO compared to the sham group. Exercise prevented the ischemia-induced decline in Klotho and MnSOD expression levels as well as CA1 neuronal activity in Exercise + MCAO compared to the MCAO group. Also, exercise significan...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - August 2, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Maryam Soleimani Karizmeh Maryam Shabani Mostafa Shabani Maryam Sardari Javad Fahanik Babaei Fatemeh Nabavizadeh Seyed Shahabeddin Sadr Soheila Adeli Source Type: research

Thioredoxin 1 regulates the pentose phosphate pathway via ATM phosphorylation after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats
Brain Res Bull. 2022 May 16;185:162-173. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.05.008. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a type of hemorrhagic stroke, is a neurological emergency with high morbidity and mortality. Early brain injury (EBI) after SAH is the leading cause of poor prognosis in SAH patients. TRX system is a NADPH-dependent antioxidant system which is composed of thioredoxin reductase (TRXR), thioredoxin (TRX). The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), a pathway through which glucose can be metabolized, is a major source of NADPH. Thioredoxin 1 (TRX1) is a member of thioredoxin system mainly loc...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - May 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiaodong Wang Zongqi Wang Jie Wu Lingling Wang Xiang Li Haitao Shen Haiying Li Jianguo Xu Wen Li Gang Chen Source Type: research

Post-treatment with apocynin at a lower dose regulates the UPR branch of eIF2 α and XBP-1 pathways after stroke
Brain Res Bull. 2022 Feb 7;182:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.02.003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTStroke leads to disturbance in the physiology of the ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum) that triggers UPR (Unfolded Protein Response) pathways aimed to compensate neuronal cell damage. However, sustained UPR causes stressful conditions in the ER lumen forming abnormal protein aggregates. Stroke-induced oxidative stress also amalgamates with UPR to safeguard and ensure the proper functioning of brain cells. Thus we tested the effect of apocynin (a potent antioxidant) post-treatment in experimental stroke on the outcome of ER ...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - February 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Venkata Prasuja Nakka Raghu Gogada Praveen Kumar Simhadri Mohammed Abdul Qadeer Prakash Babu Phanithi Source Type: research

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