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Source: Behavioural Brain Research
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Total 143 results found since Jan 2013.
Early immature neuronal death is partially involved in memory impairment induced by cerebral ischemia.
Abstract
Memory impairment is a common after an ischemic stroke. While delayed neuronal death in the CA1 region is usually linked to cerebral ischemia-induced memory impairment, the role of early immature neuronal death within the DG region in the memory state of an ischemic stroke model has rarely been studied. Here, we show a partial role of immature neuronal death in memory impairment in a global ischemia model. We found early immature neuronal death, which was determined by DCX and NeuN-double-staining. Injection of z-DEVD-fmk, a caspase-3 inhibitor, into the DG region rescued cells from immature neuronal deat...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - April 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Yi JH, Cho SY, Jeon SJ, Jung JW, Park MS, Kim DH, Ryu JH Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Procedural learning as a measure of functional impairment in a mouse model of ischemic stroke.
Abstract
Basal ganglia stroke is often associated with functional deficits in patients, including difficulties to learn and execute new motor skills (procedural learning). To measure procedural learning in a murine model of stroke (30min. right MCAO), we submitted C57Bl/6J mice to various sensorimotor tests, then to an operant procedure (Serial Order Learning) specifically assessing the ability to learn a simple motor sequence. Results showed that MCAO affected the performance in some of the sensorimotor tests (accelerated rotating rod and amphetamine rotation test) and the way animals learned a motor sequence. Th...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - March 17, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Linden J, Beeck LV, Plumier JC, Ferrara A Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Progesterone improves long-term functional and histological outcomes after permanent stroke in older rats.
Abstract
Previous studies have shown progesterone to be beneficial in animal models of central nervous system injury, but less is known about its longer-term sustained effects on recovery of function following stroke. We evaluated progesterone's effects on a panel of behavioral tests up to 8 weeks after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Male Sprague-Dawley rats 12m.o. were subjected to pMCAO and, beginning 3h post-pMCAO, given intraperitoneal injections of progesterone (8mg/kg) or vehicle, followed by subcutaneous injections at 8h and then every 24h for 7 days, with tapering of the last 2 treatme...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - February 24, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Wali B, Ishrat T, Stein DG, Sayeed I Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
The right hemisphere is dominant in organization of visual search - a study in stroke patients.
Abstract
Cancellation tasks are widely used for diagnosing attentional deficits in stroke patients. A disorganized fashion of target cancellation has been hypothesized to reflect disturbed spatial exploration. In the current study we aimed to examine which lesion locations result in disorganized visual search during cancellation tasks, in order to determine which brain areas are involved in search organisation. A computerized shape cancellation task was administered in 78 stroke patients. As an index for search organization, the amount of intersections of paths between consecutive crossed targets was computed (i.e...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - February 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ten Brink AF, Matthijs Biesbroek J, Kuijf HJ, Van der Stigchel S, Oort Q, Visser-Meily JM, Nijboer TC Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Long-term deficits of the paretic limb follow post-stroke compensatory limb use in C57BL/6 mice.
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability that most often results in impairment of a single limb, contralateral to the injury (paretic limb). While stroke survivors often receive some type of rehabilitative training, chronic deficits persist. It has been suggested that compensatory use of the nonparetic limb immediately after injury may underlie these long-term consequences. The current study investigated the behavioral effects of early compensatory limb use on behavioral outcome of the paretic limb in a mouse model of stroke. Mice received unilateral stroke after acquiring skilled motor performan...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - January 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Kerr AL, Cheffer KA, Curtis MC, Rodriguez A Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
The neuroprotective effects of preconditioning exercise on brain damage and neurotrophic factors after focal brain ischemia in rats.
Abstract
Preconditioning exercise can exert neuroprotective effects after stroke. However, the mechanism underlying these neuroprotective effects by preconditioning exercise remains unclear. We investigated the neuroprotective effects of preconditioning exercise on brain damage and the expression levels of the midkine (MK) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) after brain ischemia. Animals were assigned to one of 4 groups: exercise and ischemia (Ex), no exercise and ischemia (No-Ex), exercise and no ischemia (Ex-only), and no exercise and intact (Control). Rats ran on a treadmill for 30min once a day at a s...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - January 22, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Otsuka S, Sakakima H, Sumizono M, Takada S, Terashi T, Yoshida Y Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Planning of spatially-oriented locomotion following focal brain damage in humans: A pilot study.
Abstract
Motor impairments in human gait following stroke or focal brain damage are well documented. Here, we investigated whether stroke and/or focal brain damage also affect the navigational component of spatially oriented locomotion. Ten healthy adult participants and ten adult brain-damaged patients had to walk towards distant targets from different starting positions (with vision or blindfolded). No instructions as to which the path to follow were provided to them. We observed very similar geometrical forms of paths across the two groups of participants and across visual conditions. This spatial stereotypy of...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - December 21, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Hicheur H, Boujon C, Wong C, Pham QC, Annoni JM, Bihl T Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Sensorimotor recovery from cortical injury is accompanied by changes on norepinephrine and serotonin levels in the dentate gyrus and pons.
Abstract
Monoamines such as norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) have shown to play an important role in motor recovery after brain injury. The effects elicited by these neurotransmitters have been reported as distal from the area directly affected. Remote changes may take place over minutes to weeks and play an important role in post-stroke recovery. However, the mechanisms involved in spontaneous recovery have not been thoroughly delineated. Therefore, we determined the NE and 5-HT content, in the pons and hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) as well as motor deficit and spontaneous activity in rats after 3, 10 an...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - October 7, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Ramos-Languren LE, González-Piña R, Montes S, Chávez-García N, Ávila-Luna A, Barón-Flores V, Ríos C Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Interpersonal stroking touch is targeted to C tactile afferent activation.
Abstract
C tactile fibers are a specialized group of fibers innervating the non-glabrous skin that are tuned to light gentle stroking applied with velocities between 1 and 10cm/s. Those fibers add to the sensation of interpersonal caressing and pleasant touch. It is unclear whether people spontaneously apply touch that is tuned to optimally activate those fibers. This was investigated in three studies. In study one, 45 participants (21.8 ± 2.3 years, 24 women) were asked to stroke an artificial arm. In study two, 32 participants (28.3 ± 8.7years, 16 women) were asked to stroke their partner. In study three, 11 p...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - September 30, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Croy I, Luong A, Triscoli C, Hofmann E, Olausson H, Sailer U Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Prefrontal Cortex Stroke Induces Delayed Impairment in Spatial Memory.
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability. Little is known about the effects of stroke on cognitive deficits. The subtle nature of cognition and its respective domains in areas such as working memory and attention can make this difficult to diagnose and treat. We aimed to establish a model of focal ischemia that targets the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and induce memory impairments. Stroke and sham mice were assessed at one and four-weeks post-stroke on various tests: open-field task to assess activity; grid-walk and cylinder task to assess motor impairments; elevated plus maze to assess anxiety; nov...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - August 22, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhou LY, Wright TE, Clarkson AN Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Assessing cognitive function following medial prefrontal stroke in the rat.
Abstract
Cognitive impairments are prevalent following clinical stroke; however, preclinical research has focused almost exclusively on motor deficits. In order to conduct systematic evaluations into the nature of post-stroke cognitive dysfunction and recovery, it is crucial to develop focal stroke models that predominantly affect cognition while leaving motor function intact. Herein, we evaluated a range of cognitive functions 1-4 months following focal medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) stroke using a battery of tests. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent focal ischemia induced in the mPFC using bilateral intracerebr...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - August 5, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Livingston-Thomas JM, Jeffers MS, Nguemeni C, Shoichet MS, Morshead CM, Corbett D Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Neuroprotective effects of intravenous transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells from 5-fluorouracil pre-treated rats on ischemic stroke.
This study was undertaken to explore the potential mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of BMRMNCs in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. Rats were intravenously pre-treated with 5-FU and BMRMNCs were collected at different time points. The contents of growth factors in the supernatant and CXCR4 expression were detected by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. MCAO was introduced to rats, and BMMNCs and BMRMNCs collected at 7 days after 5-FU pre-treatment were independently transplanted via the tail vein 24h later. The neurological function was evaluated before cell transplantation and at 24h,...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 25, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Li Y, Mao WW, Zhang CG, Wan L, Jing CH, Hua XM, Li ST, Cheng J Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Silencing of Id2 attenuates hypoxia/ischemia-induced neuronal injury via inhibition of neuronal apoptosis.
This study was aimed to investigate whether knockdown of Id2 in neuronal cells could protect them from hypoxic and ischemic injury both in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometric analysis was employed to assess neuronal apoptosis in CoCl2-treated neuroblastoma B35 cells engineered to overexpress or knockdown Id2 expression. In vivo knockdown of Id2 was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats by a single intracerebroventricular injection of Cy3-labeled and cholesterol-modified Id2-siRNA. We found that knockdown of Id2 attenuated H/I-induced neuronal apoptosis in vitro while overexpression of Id2 produced an opposite effect. In a rat mo...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 14, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Guo L, Yang X, Lin X, Lin Y, Shen L, Nie Q, Ren L, Guo Q, Que S, Qiu Y Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Ischemic lesions localized to the medial prefrontal cortex produce selective deficits in measures of executive function in rats.
In this study we used bilateral micro-injections (1μl) of the vasoconstricting peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) into the medial PFC in male Sprague Dawley rats (or vehicle control, N = 17-18 per group) in order to model ischemic lesions in the medial PFC. The effects of these lesions on executive function were assessed using tests of set-shifting and temporal order recognition. ET-1 injections in the medial PFC resulted in replicable and specific lesions within the PFC with an average infarct volume of 16.63 ± 2.71mm(3). The ischemic lesions resulted in specific contextual set-shifting deficits within the maze, including an i...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 9, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Deziel RA, Ryan CL, Tasker RA Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
Behavioral effects and neural changes induced by continuous and not continuous treadmill training, post bilateral cerebral ischemia in gerbils.
This study aims to investigate the effects of treadmill training and the possible influences of the start, regularity, and duration after experimental ischemic stroke. We performed bilateral occlusion of the both carotid arteries for five minutes in Mongolian gerbils. The training groups were: continuous training for five consecutive days or not continuous training for three non-consecutive days. The groups remained in the treadmill for 15minutes, and the training started 12 or 24hours after the stroke. In the activity cage (AC), was registered the behaviors of crossing and distance traveled. The forced motor behavior was ...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - May 11, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kitabatake TT, Marini LC, Gonçalves RB, Bertolino G, Souza HC, Araujo JE Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research
