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10 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation over posterior parietal cortex facilitates tactile temporal order judgment.
Abstract The temporal order judgment (TOJ) task has been widely used to investigate spatial attentional bias and the sensitivity of temporal discrimination during the processing of bilateral tactile information. Previous studies have shown that TOJ is impaired in patients who are suffering from chronic pain, stroke, and Parkinson's disease. In addition, studies have indicated that the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is involved in the TOJ task. However, the neural basis of the TOJ task has not been fully elucidated. To investigate the causal relationship between cortical oscillation and certain behaviors, transcra...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Otsuru N, Kamijo K, Otsuki T, Kojima S, Miyaguchi S, Saito K, Inukai Y, Onishi H Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Using the behavioral flexibility operant task to detect long-term deficits in rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion.
The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity of certain behavioral tasks, up to seven weeks following occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAo) in rats. A battery of behavioral tasks, including rotorod, cylinder, and limb-placement, was conducted weekly for seven weeks. Also, a behavioral flexibility operant task was introduced at the end of the study to measure cognitive deficits. All functional outcome measures showed significant differences between stroke and control groups, indicating that these tasks are sensitive enough to detect deficits in a long-term MCAo study in rats. This provides useful in...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - August 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Andrews MMM, Peruzzaro S, Raupp S, Wilks J, Rossignol J, Dunbar GL Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Auditory neglect in children following perinatal stroke.
Abstract Auditory neglect has been found in adults with right hemisphere focal brain lesions following strokes. Visual and tactile neglect has been found in children following both left and right hemisphere lesions resulting from perinatal strokes. The present cross-sectional study assessed auditory neglect in children with early unilateral brain damage from perinatal stroke. Twenty-six children with perinatal stroke and matched controls participated. All were asked to identify the location of a pure tone presented in left or right auditory fields. We found that children who had experienced left hemisphere perinat...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - June 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Martin K, Trauner DA Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Peripersonal and extrapersonal visuospatial neglect in different frames of reference: A brain lesion-symptom mapping study.
DISCUSSION: We found right hemispheric anatomical correlates for peripersonal and extrapersonal neglect. However, no brain areas were uniquely associated with peripersonal neglect, meaning we could not conclusively verify the ventral/dorsal hypothesis. Several areas were uniquely associated with egocentric extrapersonal neglect, suggesting that these brain areas can be specifically involved in extrapersonal, but not in peripersonal, attention processes. PMID: 29940260 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - June 22, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Ten Brink AF, Matthijs Biesbroek J, Oort Q, Visser-Meily JMA, Nijboer TCW Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Environmental enrichment cognitive neuroprotection in an experimental model of cerebral ischemia: biochemical and molecular aspects.
Abstract Stroke is considered a major cause of global morbidity. Currently, there are no effective treatments for post-stroke cognitive impairment. Enriched environment (EE) has been brought forward as a preconditioning method to induce cerebral tolerance in an ischemic event. However, the subjacent mechanisms involved in this tolerance are not yet clear. Herein we aimed to identify the mechanisms of neuroprotection triggered by EE preconditioning in a murine model of ischemic stroke. In order to do so, C57Bl/6 mice were kept for five weeks either in EE or in standard environment (SC) prior to ischemic injury thro...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - April 20, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Gonçalves LV, Herlinger AL, Ferreira TAA, Coitinho JB, Pires RGW, Martins-Silva C Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Applicability of the grip strength and automated von Frey tactile sensitivity tests in the mouse photothrombotic model of stroke.
In this study, we evaluated the applicability of forepaw grip strength and automated von Frey tactile sensitivity tests to assess forelimb dysfunction in mice following photothrombosis in the sensorimotor cortex, and compared them with two well-established tests, grid-walking and cylinder, for up to 21days after stroke. Our results indicate that the length of time required to conduct the two new tests is comparable to that of the grid-walking and cylinder tests, however the data from the new tests is obtained and ready for analysis upon completion of the testing session. In addition, our observations indicate that the auto...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - September 8, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Alamri FF, Shoyaib AA, Biggers A, Jayaraman S, Guindon J, Karamyan VT Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Different effects of running wheel exercise and skilled reaching training on corticofugal tract plasticity in hypertensive rats with cortical infarctions.
Abstract The approaches that facilitate white matter plasticity may prompt functional recovery after a stroke. The effects of different exercise methods on motor recovery in stroke rats have been investigated. However, it is not clear whether their effects on axonal plasticity different. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the forced running wheel exercise (RWE) and skilled reaching training (SRT) on axonal plasticity and motor recovery. Cortical infarctions were generated in stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats. The rats were randomly divided into the following three groups: the control (Co...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - September 4, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhang C, Zou Y, Li K, Li C, Jiang Y, Sun J, Sun R, Wen H Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Behavioral outcome measures to improve experimental stroke research.
Abstract Functional recovery after an experimental stroke can be assessed by multiple behavioral tests, however, there is no consensus about which test to use in long-term stroke recovery studies or whether the tests are affected by stroke surgery, post-operative care or behavioral compensation due to repeated testing. This review describes the tests most commonly used to assess motor and sensorimotor function, cognition and mood in stroke animals. Although it is difficult to predict the direction of future research, it may be possible to prevent false-positive results by selecting an appropriate task or a battery...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Balkaya MG, Trueman RC, Boltze J, Corbett D, Jolkkonen J Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Assessment of behavioural deficits following ischaemic stroke in the marmoset.
Abstract Stroke is a common and devastating disease worldwide. Over the last two decades, many therapeutic approaches to ameliorate ischaemic stroke have been promising in animal studies but failed when transferred to the clinical situation. One of the possible explanations for these failures is the widespread use of animal models of cerebral ischemia that do not mimic the pathology encountered in the clinic. Accordingly, many expert committees recommended the integration of higher order species such as non-human primates in pre-clinical stroke studies. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a small New World m...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Le Gal R, Bernaudin M, Toutain J, Touzani O Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Noradrenergic antagonists mitigate amphetamine-induced recovery.
Abstract Brain injury, including that due to stroke, leaves individuals with cognitive deficits that can disrupt daily aspect of living. As of now there are few treatments that shown limited amounts of success in improving functional outcome. The use of stimulants such as amphetamine have shown some success in improving outcome following brain injury. While the pharmacological mechanisms for amphetamine are known; the specific processes responsible for improving behavioral outcome following injury remain unknown. Understanding these mechanisms can help to refine the use of amphetamine as a potential treatment or l...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 26, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Hylin MJ, Brenneman MM, Corwin JV Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Behavioural inflexibility in a comorbid rat model of striatal ischemic injury and mutant hAPP overexpression.
Abstract Alzheimer disease (AD) and stroke coexist and interact; yet how they interact is not sufficiently understood. Both AD and basal ganglia stroke can impair behavioural flexibility, which can be reliably modeled in rats using an established operant based set-shifting test. Transgenic Fischer 344-APP21 rats (TgF344) overexpress pathogenic human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) but do not spontaneously develop overt pathology, hence TgF344 rats can be used to model the effect of vascular injury in the prodromal stages of Alzheimer disease. We demonstrate that the injection of endothelin-1 (ET1) into the dorsal...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Levit A, Regis AM, Garabon JR, Oh SH, Desai S, Rajakumar N, Hachinski V, Agca Y, Agca C, Whitehead SN, Allman BL Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Gross Motor AbiLity predictS Response to upper extremity rehabilitation in chronic stroke.
Abstract The majority of rehabilitation research focuses on the comparative effectiveness of different interventions in groups of patients, while much less is currently known regarding individual factors that predict response to rehabilitation. In a recent article, authors presented a prognostic model to identify the sensorimotor characteristics predictive of the extent of motor recovery after Constraint-Induced Movement (CI) therapy amongst individuals with chronic mild-to-moderate motor deficit using the enhanced probabilistic neural network (EPNN). This follow-up paper examines which participant characteristics...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 5, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: George SH, Rafiei MH, Borstad A, Adeli H, Gauthier LV Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to improve naming ability in post-stroke aphasia: A critical review.
CONCLUSIONS: Several methodological issues have been identified in pre-efficacy studies that pose challenges in determining whether tDCS is a beneficial adjunct to behavioral aphasia therapy. Future studies need to improve the quality of the methods used to investigate the effect of tDCS for anomia. PMID: 28572057 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - May 29, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: ALHarbi MF, Armijo-Olivo S, Kim ES Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Characterization of Long-term Gait Deficits in Mouse dMCAO, Using the CatWalk System.
Abstract Evaluation of functional outcome is widely used across species to assess the recovery process following various pathological conditions, including spinal cord injury, musculo-skeletal injury, mithochondrial disease, neuropathic cancer, Huntington's disease, chronic pain, cortical lesion, and olivocerebellar degeneration among others. The Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) recommends multiple endpoints for behavioral studies in pre-clinical stroke research, to demonstrate their clinical relevance. One of the more challenging tasks in experimental stroke research is measuring long-term func...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - May 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Caballero-Garrido E, Pena-Philippides JC, Galochkina Z, Erhardt E, Roitbak T Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

DL-3-n-butylphthalide Promotes Neuroplasticity and Motor Recovery in Stroke Rats.
CONCLUSION: dl-NBP enhanced the behavioral recovery after cerebral ischemia in rats, possibly by increasing axonal growth and neurogenesis. PMID: 28442357 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - April 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sun Y, Cheng X, Wang H, Mu X, Liang Y, Luo Y, Qu H, Zhao C Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

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