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Multiclass machine learning vs. conventional calculators for stroke/CVD risk assessment using carotid plaque predictors with coronary angiography scores as gold standard: a 500 participants study
AbstractMachine learning (ML)-based algorithms for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment have shown promise in clinical decisions. However, they usually predict binary events using only conventional risk factors. Our overall goal was to develop the “multiclass machine learning (MCML)-based algorithms” (labelled as AtheroEdge 3.0ML) and assess whether considering carotid ultrasound imaging fused with conventional risk factors can provide better CVD/stroke risk prediction than conventional CVD risk calculators (CCVRC). Carotid ultrasound and coronary angiography were performed on 500 participants. Stenosis in the ...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - November 12, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Non-invasive in vivo measurement of cardiac output in C57BL/6 mice using high frequency transthoracic ultrasound: evaluation of gender and body weight effects
The objective of this study was to provide normal reference values for CO in C57BL/6 mice, and to describe possible gender and/or BW associated differences between them. We used 30-MHz transthoracic Doppler ultrasound to measure hemodynamic parameters in the ascending aorta [heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), stroke index (SI), CO, and cardiac index (CI)] in ten anesthetized mice of either sex. No differences were found for HR, SV, and CO. Both SI and CI were statistically lower in males. However, after normalization for BW, these differences disappeared. These results suggest that if comparisons of cardiovascular parame...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - September 25, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Two dimensional and real-time three dimensional ultrasound measurements of left ventricular diastolic function after marathon running: results from a substudy of the BeMaGIC trial
AbstractStrenuous exercise results in transient but minor alterations in left ventricular diastolic function (LVDF). The aim of this study is to describe and interpret the kinetics of the well-established 2D parameters of diastolic function and the novel and very sensitive 3D parameters before/after a marathon race. LVDF was evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography (TEE) in 212 healthy male [aged 42 (36 –49) years)] marathon runners (all Be-MaGIC-study) in the week prior to (V1), immediately after (V2), 24 h after (V3) and 72 h after (V4) a marathon race. Real time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) included...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - May 31, 2019 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Maximum plaque height in carotid ultrasound predicts cardiovascular disease outcomes: a population-based validation study of the American society of echocardiography ’s grade II–III plaque characterization and protocol
AbstractThe presence of carotid arterial plaque by ultrasound enhances cardiovascular risk stratification beyond traditional risk factors. However, plaque quantification techniques require further outcomes-based investigation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of a focused carotid ultrasound protocol and novel plaque grading system developed by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE). A retrospective analysis of 514 outpatients who were referred for coronary angiography between 2011 and 2014 was performed using a province-sponsored health database. All participants prospectively received a focuse...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - January 27, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Imparied retrobulbar blood flow and increased carotid IMT in patients with Crohn ’s disease
AbstractCrohn ’s Disease [CD] is one of the Inflammatory Bowel Diseases that are chronic relapsing inflammatory diseases. Despite the major affected organ is intestine in CD, extra intestinal organs and tissues including cardiovascular system are also affected. Several studies have demonstrated that CD patients may have a higher risk of advancing atherosclerosis. The microvascular endothelial dysfunction plays an essential role for developing coronary atherosclerosis. Microvascular structural abnormalities in the retinal circulation may predict macrovascular events such as stroke and coronary heart diseas e. In order to ...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - August 12, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

High-resolution MRI assessed carotid atherosclerotic plaque characteristics comparing men and women with elevated ApoB levels
AbstractPrevious studies demonstrated that men were more likely to have plaque rupture and are at greater risk for myocardial infarction and stroke than women. We evaluated differences in carotid plaque characteristics by MRI between men and women with mild-moderate atherosclerosis and elevated ApoB levels. One hundred eighty-two subjects (104 men and 78 women) with CAD or carotid stenosis ( ≥ 15% by ultrasound), ApoB ≥ 120 mg/dL and carotid MRI scan were included. Percent wall volume (%WV) was calculated as (wall volume/total vessel volume) × 100%. Three major plaque compositions, fibrous tissue (FT), calc...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - February 3, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Ultrasound-based internal carotid artery plaque characterization using deep learning paradigm on a supercomputer: a cardiovascular disease/stroke risk assessment system
AbstractVisual or manual characterization and classification of atherosclerotic plaque lesions are tedious, error-prone, and time-consuming. The purpose of this study is to develop and design an automated carotid plaque characterization and classification system into binary classes, namely symptomatic and asymptomatic types via the deep learning (DL) framework implemented on a supercomputer. We hypothesize that on ultrasound images, symptomatic carotid plaques have (a) a low grayscale median because of a histologically large lipid core and relatively little collagen and calcium, and (b) a higher chaotic (heterogeneous) gra...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - January 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research