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Total 262 results found since Jan 2013.

Red cell distribution width in relation to incidence of coronary events and case fatality rates: a population-based cohort study
Conclusions In this population-based study of subjects without history of CE or stroke, high RDW was associated with increased incidence of fatal CE. No relationship was observed for incidence of non-fatal CE.
Source: Heart - June 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Borne, Y., Smith, J. G., Melander, O., Engstrom, G. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Coronary artery disease Source Type: research

Brain MRI to personalise atrial fibrillation therapy: current evidence and perspectives
Advances in the access to and in the performance of brain MRI have led to an increased detection of asymptomatic abnormalities in the brain of patients with cardiovascular diseases. These may have prognostic impact and could influence management in the future. In this review, we summarise the main findings of brain MRI in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and explore the available evidence to better quantify the risk for intracerebral haemorrhage and (recurrent) ischaemic stroke based on brain MRI findings. Treatment decisions in the majority of patients with AF should still be based on data from established validated...
Source: Heart - August 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Haeusler, K. G., Wilson, D., Fiebach, J. B., Kirchhof, P., Werring, D. J. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Periprocedural imaging and outcomes after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
Conclusions Periprocedural imaging for AF ablation is increasingly used, although practice patterns vary widely. Our data suggest that periprocedural imaging is associated with better outcomes after catheter ablation; however, prospective studies of periprocedural imaging strategies are warranted.
Source: Heart - November 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steinberg, B. A., Hammill, B. G., Daubert, J. P., Bahnson, T. D., Douglas, P. S., Qualls, L. G., Pokorney, S. D., Calkins, H., Curtis, L. H., Piccini, J. P. Tags: Health policy, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Clinical diagnostic tests Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Prognosis importance of low flow in aortic stenosis with preserved LVEF
Conclusions In patients with severe AS and preserved LVEF, LF, as assessed using cardiac catheterisation is frequent, and is an independent predictor of mortality. Consequently, the measurement of SVi should be systematically included in the assessment of these patients.
Source: Heart - April 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Magne, J., Mohty, D., Boulogne, C., Boubadara, F. E., Deltreuil, M., Echahidi, N., Cassat, C., Laskar, M., Virot, P., Aboyans, V. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Aortic valve disease, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Valvular heart disease Source Type: research

Close the appendage, open the future
Left atrial appendage closure is a proven method for prevention against stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. This method is proven for having clinical utility as well as safety. The need for coverage in this area is immense. Atrial fibrillation affects 1%–2% of the entire adult population.1 Of all ischaemic strokes, 15% are associated with atrial fibrillation. Both the CHADS2 and the CHA2DS2-VASc risk scores have been used for determining the level of anticoagulation in these patients. Multiple anticoagulants have been used for prevention of ischaemic stroke, including warfarin, dabigatran, rivar...
Source: Heart - May 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gafoor, S., Sievert, H., Matic, P. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Left atrial appendage occlusion
Left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion for stroke and thromboembolism prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) represents a significant advancement in the field of cardiovascular disease. Prevention and avoidance of the devastating consequences of thromboembolic complications from AF continues to be central in the management of these patients. The role of LAA as a nidus for thrombus formation is well documented. Multiple approaches to exclude the LAA from the circulation either percutaneously or surgically have been described and are undergoing testing. Although pharmacological therapy for stroke prevention rema...
Source: Heart - May 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Alli, O., Holmes, D. Tags: Review articles Reviews Source Type: research

Safety profile of prasugrel and clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes in Switzerland
Conclusions In this large prospective ACS cohort, patients treated with prasugrel according to current guidelines (ie, in patients without cerebrovascular disease, old age or underweight) had a similar safety profile compared with patients treated with clopidogrel. Clinical trial registration number SPUM-ACS: NCT01000701; COMFORTABLE AMI: NCT00962416.
Source: Heart - May 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Klingenberg, R., Heg, D., Raber, L., Carballo, D., Nanchen, D., Gencer, B., Auer, R., Jaguszewski, M., Stahli, B. E., Jakob, P., Templin, C., Stefanini, G. G., Meier, B., Vogt, P., Roffi, M., Maier, W., Landmesser, U., Rodondi, N., Mach, F., Windecker, S. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Coronary artery disease Source Type: research

Prevalence and antithrombotic management of atrial fibrillation in hospitalised patients
Conclusions This hospital-based study revealed high AF prevalence rates (16.8%). Patients with AF were present in all hospital zones and almost all patients were at high risk for stroke. Anticoagulation management was likely inappropriate in 48.7%, indicating the need for better guideline implementation initiatives to guarantee hospital-wide optimised care for patients with AF.
Source: Heart - May 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Berti, D., Moors, E., Moons, P., Heidbuchel, H. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Antiplatelet therapy following transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Conclusions No difference in 30-day NACE rate was observed between ASA-only or DAPT following TAVI. Moreover, a trend towards less life-threatening and major bleeding was observed in favour of ASA. Consequently the additive value of clopidogrel warrants further investigation.
Source: Heart - June 25, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hassell, M. E. C. J., Hildick-Smith, D., Durand, E., Kikkert, W. J., Wiegerinck, E. M. A., Stabile, E., Ussia, G. P., Sharma, S., Baan, J., Eltchaninoff, H., Rubino, P., Barbanti, M., Tamburino, C., Poliacikova, P., Blanchard, D., Piek, J. J., Delewi, R. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology Valvular heart disease Source Type: research

Cochrane corner: vitamin K for improved anticoagulation control in patients receiving warfarin
There has been a substantial increase in the use of oral anticoagulants, notably in the ageing population. This is primarily driven by the use of warfarin in people with atrial fibrillation (AF) in order to reduce the risks of thromboembolic events such as stroke.1 In elderly patients with AF, warfarin use has been shown to reduce the relative risk of stroke by >50% compared with aspirin alone.2 Warfarin is also used to treat patients with deep vein thrombosis, mechanical heart valve replacement, cardioversion, cardiomyopathy and antiphospholipid syndrome.1 The clinical benefits of warfarin must also be balanced with po...
Source: Heart - October 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mahtani, K. R., Nunan, D., Heneghan, C. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Cochrane Corner, Venous thromboembolism, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Patent foramen ovale: the current state of play
Learning objectives Understand the anatomy and embryology of the interatrial septum and patent foramen ovale (PFO). Develop an overview of the many clinical associations of a PFO. Appraise the clinical evidence for and against closure of PFO. Introduction Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common finding, occurring in up to 25% of people.1 2 An association between PFO and stroke has consistently been seen in up to 50% of patients without an identifiable cause, that is, the so-called cryptogenic stroke (CS) and only in 20% with an identified cause.3 4 Many studies have been published testing the hypothesis that paradoxical emb...
Source: Heart - November 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Asrress, K. N., Marciniak, M., Marciniak, A., Rajani, R., Clapp, B. Tags: Education in Heart, Echocardiography, Clinical diagnostic tests Source Type: research

Cochrane corner: oral hormone therapy and cardiovascular outcomes in post-menopausal women
Introduction Hormone therapy (HT) is commonly prescribed for the relief of climacteric symptoms in post-menopausal women; 54% (620490) of women enrolled in the Million Women Study1 in the UK (mean age 56 years) have tried it and 31% (358252) use it. Observational studies have shown oral HT is associated with lower rates of cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women2; however randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have presented mixed results. The 2002 publication of the Women's Health Initiative I (WHI I) reported an association between combined oestrogen and progestin use and increased rates of both coronary heart...
Source: Heart - December 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Boardman, H., Hartley, L., Eisinga, A., Main, C., Figuls, M. R. I. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Cochrane Corner, Acute coronary syndromes, Venous thromboembolism, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Heartbeat: Inflammatory biomarkers in atrial fibrillation
The association of systemic inflammation with atrial fibrillation and a pro-thrombotic state has received increasing attention recently, but whether this degree of inflammation provides additive value for prediction of clinical outcomes in adults with atrial fibrillation has not been established. In this issue of Heart, Hijazi and colleagues (see page 508) measured inflammatory biomarkers in over 14 thousand patients with atrial fibrillation in the Apixaban for Reduction In Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) trial. Cox regression was used to assess the relationship between outcomes at...
Source: Heart - March 11, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Otto, C. M. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Heartbeat Source Type: research

The spectrum of low-output low-gradient aortic stenosis with normal ejection fraction
Low-flow, low-gradient (LF/LG) severe aortic stenosis (AS) with preserved ejection fraction refers to the condition of AS with aortic valve area ≤1 cm2, stroke volume index <35 mL/m2, mean aortic valve gradient <40 mm Hg and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%. This mismatch of aortic valve area suggesting severe stenosis and ‘low’ gradient in some patients has led to confusion as to the severity of stenosis. Conditions previously labelled as LF/LG severe AS include a spectrum, with measurement error probably being the most common cause of marked inconsistency between gradien...
Source: Heart - April 11, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pislaru, S. V., Pellikka, P. A. Tags: Review articles Reviews Source Type: research

Prolonged PR interval, first-degree heart block and adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions Data from observational studies suggests a possible association between prolonged PR interval and significant increases in atrial fibrillation, heart failure and mortality. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm the relationships reported, consider possible mechanisms and define the optimal monitoring strategy for such patients.
Source: Heart - April 11, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kwok, C. S., Rashid, M., Beynon, R., Barker, D., Patwala, A., Morley-Davies, A., Satchithananda, D., Nolan, J., Myint, P. K., Buchan, I., Loke, Y. K., Mamas, M. A. Tags: Bradyarrhythmias and heart block, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research