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Meta-review on Perforation Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice: Filament Material as a Possible Moderator of Mortality
AbstractRobust preclinical models are inevitable for researchers to unravel pathomechanisms of subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SAH). For the mouse perforation model of SAH, the goal of this meta-review was the determination of variances in mortality, SAH severity grade, and vasospasm, and their experimental moderators, as many researchers are facing with incomparable results. We searched on the databasesPubMed,Embase, andWeb of Science for articles describing in vivo experiments using the SAH perforation mouse model and measuring mortality, SAH grade, and/or vasospasm. After screening, 42 articles (total of 1964 mice) were incl...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 23, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Proposed Definition of Experimental Secondary Ischemia for Mouse Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractInconsistency in outcome parameters for delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) makes it difficult to compare results between mouse studies, in the same way inconsistency in outcome parameters in human studies has for long obstructed adequate comparison. The absence of an established definition may in part be responsible for the failed translational results. The present article proposes a standardized definition for DCI in experimental mouse models, which can be used as outcome measure in future animal studies. We used a consensus-building approach to propose a definition for “experimental secondary ischemia” (ESI) in ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 8, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

MicroRNA Changes in Preconditioning-Induced Neuroprotection
AbstractPreconditioning is a paradigm in which sublethal stress –prior to a more injurious insult–induces protection against injury. In the central nervous system (CNS), preconditioning against ischemic stroke is induced by short durations of ischemia, brief seizures, exposure to anesthetics, and other stresses. Increasing evidence supports the contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs) to the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance induced by preconditioning. Studies investigating miRNA changes induced by preconditioning have to date identified 562 miRNAs that change expression levels after preconditioning, a...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Systematic and Meta-Analysis of Mortality in Experimental Mouse Models Analyzing Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractAnimal models are established to display the pathophysiological changes following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The aim of the present study was to determine case fatality in mouse delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) models, to compare mortality in mouse DCI models to case fatality in human SAH patients, and to identify factors influencing mouse mortality. A systematic search of the PubMed database was performed to identify all studies that assessed mouse DCI models. Mortality rates and predictor variables were extracted and compared to the human case fatality after SAH as previously reported. Predictors for mouse mor...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 29, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neuroimaging as a Selection Tool and Endpoint in Clinical and Pre-clinical Trials
AbstractStandard imaging in acute stroke enables the exclusion of non-stroke structural CNS lesions and cerebral haemorrhage from clinical and pre-clinical ischaemic stroke trials. In this review, the potential benefit of imaging (e.g., angiography and penumbral imaging) as a translational tool for trial recruitment and the use of imaging endpoints are discussed for both clinical and pre-clinical stroke research. The addition of advanced imaging to identify a “responder” population leads to reduced sample size for any given effect size in phase 2 trials and is a potentially cost-efficient means of testing interventions...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 19, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Methodology of Motor Evoked Potentials in a Rabbit Model
This study provides the basis for a reproducible model of SCI to be used for novel therapeutic drug development.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Rabbit Shunt Model of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
Abstract Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a disease with devastating complications that leads to stroke, permanent neurological deficits and death. Clinical and ex-perimental work has demonstrated the importance of the contribution of delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCVS) indepen-dent early events to mortality, morbidity and functional out-come after SAH. In order to elucidate processes involved in early brain injury (EBI), animal models that reflect acute events of aneurysmal bleeding, such as increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) and decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure, are needed. In the presented...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 19, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research