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Specialty: Infectious Diseases
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Total 742 results found since Jan 2013.
Resistance to key malaria drug spreading at alarming rate in Southeast Asia
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) Resistance to artemisinin, the main drug to treat malaria, is now widespread throughout Southeast Asia, among the Plasmodium falciparum parasites that cause the disease and is likely caused by a genetic mutation in the parasites. However, a six-day course of artemisinin-based combination therapy -- as opposed to a standard three-day course -- has proved highly effective in treating drug-resistant malaria cases, according to findings published today in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - July 30, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
NIH and Italian scientists develop nasal test for human prion disease
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) A nasal brush test can rapidly and accurately diagnose Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, an incurable and ultimately fatal neurodegenerative disorder, according to a study by National Institutes of Health scientists and their Italian colleagues.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - August 6, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
NIH-led scientists boost potential of passive immunization against HIV
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) Scientists are pursuing injections or intravenous infusions of broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies (bNAbs) as a strategy for preventing HIV infection. This technique, called passive immunization, has been shown to protect monkeys from a monkey form of HIV called simian human immunodeficiency virus, or SHIV. To make passive immunization a widely feasible HIV prevention option for people, scientists want to modify bNAbs such that a modest amount of them is needed only once every few months.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - August 13, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
Ebola outbreak highlights global disparities in health-care resources
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) The outbreak of Ebola virus disease that has claimed more than 1,000 lives in West Africa this year poses a serious, ongoing threat to that region: the spread to capital cities and Nigeria -- Africa's most populous nation -- presents new challenges for healthcare professionals. The situation has garnered significant attention and fear around the world, but proven public health measures and sharpened clinical vigilance will contain the epidemic and thwart a global spread.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - August 13, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
NIH scientists establish new monkey model of severe MERS-CoV disease
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) National Institutes of Health scientists have found that Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection in marmosets closely mimics the severe pneumonia experienced by people infected with MERS-CoV, giving scientists the best animal model yet for testing potential treatments.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - August 21, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
Rapid and durable protection against ebola virus with new vaccine regimens
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) One shot of an experimental vaccine made from two Ebola virus gene segments incorporated into a chimpanzee cold virus vector, called chimp adenovirus type 3 or ChAd3, protected all four macaque monkeys exposed to high levels of Ebola virus 5 weeks after inoculation, report National Institutes of Health scientists and their collaborators.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - September 8, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
NIH-supported scientists unveil structure, dynamics of key HIV molecules
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) New research has illuminated the movement and complete structure of the spikes on HIV that the virus uses to bind to the cells it infects. This research, led by scientists at the National Institutes of Health, Weill Cornell Medical College and Yale University School of Medicine, could help advance efforts to develop HIV vaccines and treatments.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - October 8, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
Gene therapy shows promise for severe combined immunodeficiency
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) Researchers have found that gene therapy using a modified delivery system, or vector, can restore the immune systems of children with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID-X1), a rare, life-threatening inherited condition that primarily affects boys.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - October 8, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
Candidate H7N9 avian flu vaccine works better with adjuvant
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) An experimental vaccine to protect people against H7N9 avian influenza prompted immune responses in 59 percent of volunteers who received two injections at the lowest dosage tested, but only if the vaccine was mixed with adjuvant -- substance that boosts the body's response to vaccination. Without adjuvant, immune responses produced by the investigational vaccine were minimal regardless of vaccine dosage, according to findings from a clinical trial sponsored by NIAID, part of NIH.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - October 7, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
OHSU, partners Kineta, UW, VGTI Florida awarded NIH contract to develop vaccine adjuvants
(Oregon Health & Science University) Oregon Health & Science University's Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute has been awarded a $10 million contract from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, part of the National Institutes of Health.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - October 20, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
NIH begins early human clinical trial of VSV Ebola vaccine
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) Human testing of a second investigational Ebola vaccine candidate is under way at the National Institutes of Health's Clinical Center. Researchers at NIAID are conducting the early phase trial to evaluate the vaccine, called VSV-ZEBOV, for safety and its ability to generate an immune system response in healthy adults who are given two intramuscular doses, called a prime-boost strategy. The Walter Reed Army Institute of Research is simultaneously testing the vaccine candidate as a single dose at its Clinical Trials Center.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - October 22, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
Failure to Identify HIV-Infected Individuals in a Clinical Trial Using a Single HIV Rapid Test for Screening
Conclusions: In clinical trials, HIV infections can be missed for a variety of reasons. Using more than one assay to screen for HIV infection may reduce the number of missed infections.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 62-68DOI 10.1310/hct1502-62Authors
Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MarylandJessica M. Fogel, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MarylandOliver Laeyendecker, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MarylandShauna Wolf, Depa...
Source: HIV Clinical Trials - April 7, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV Clinical Trials Source Type: research
NIH-led scientists describe new herpes treatment strategy
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) Scientists have developed a novel treatment approach for persistent viral infections such as herpes. Using animal models of herpes simplex virus infection, researchers show that blocking the activity of a host cell protein called LSD1 reduces herpes infection, shedding and recurrence.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - December 3, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
Imaging techniques reliably predict treatment outcomes for TB patients
(NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) Two medical imaging techniques, called positron emission tomography and computed tomography, could be used in combination as a biomarker to predict the effectiveness of antibiotic drug regimens being tested to treat tuberculosis patients, according to researchers at NIAID, part of NIH. With multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis on the rise worldwide, new biomarkers are needed to determine whether a particular TB drug regimen is effective.
Source: EurekAlert! - Infectious and Emerging Diseases - December 4, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
Partner-based adherence intervention for second-line antiretroviral therapy (ACTG A5234): a multinational randomised trial
Publication date: Available online 11 December 2014 Source:The Lancet HIV Author(s): Robert Gross , Lu Zheng , Alberto La Rosa , Xin Sun , Susan L Rosenkranz , Sandra Wagner Cardoso , Francis Ssali , Rob Camp , Catherine Godfrey , Susan E Cohn , Gregory K Robbins , Anthony Chisada , Carole L Wallis , Nancy R Reynolds , Darlene Lu , Steven A Safren , Lara Hosey , Patrice Severe , Ann C Collier Background Adherence is key to the success of antiretroviral therapy. Enhanced partner support might benefit patients with previous treatment failure. We aimed to assess whether an enhanced partner-based support intervention with mo...
Source: The Lancet HIV - December 11, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
