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Specialty: Neurosurgery

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Total 602 results found since Jan 2013.

Expression of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-I (CRABP-I) in the cerebrospinal fluid of adult onset moyamoya disease and its association with clinical presentation and postoperative haemodynamic change
Conclusions Higher CRABP-I in the CSF can be associated with typical bilateral MMD pathogenesis in adults. Additionally, postoperative basal collateral change may be related to the degree of CRABP-I expression.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 10, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Jeon, J. S., Ahn, J. H., Moon, Y.-j., Cho, W.-S., Son, Y.-J., Kim, S.-K., Wang, K.-C., Bang, J. S., Kang, H.-S., Kim, J. E., Oh, C. W. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Cerebrovascular disease Source Type: research

A nationwide survey of hypertrophic pachymeningitis in Japan
Conclusions HP is not extremely rare. ANCA-related HP is the most frequent form, followed by IgG4/MFS-related HP. Both forms have unique features, which may help to differentiate background causes.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 10, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Yonekawa, T., Murai, H., Utsuki, S., Matsushita, T., Masaki, K., Isobe, N., Yamasaki, R., Yoshida, M., Kusunoki, S., Sakata, K., Fujii, K., Kira, J.-i. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Meningitis, Infection (neurology), Ophthalmology Neuro-inflammation Source Type: research

Changes in pathological and biochemical findings of systemic tissue sites in familial amyloid polyneuropathy more than 10 years after liver transplantation
Conclusions FAP may shift to systemic WT TTR amyloid formation after LT, which seems to be similar to the process in SSA. The truncation of TTR in amyloid deposits may depend on some genetic or environmental factors other than undergoing LT.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 10, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Oshima, T., Kawahara, S., Ueda, M., Kawakami, Y., Tanaka, R., Okazaki, T., Misumi, Y., Obayashi, K., Yamashita, T., Ohya, Y., Ihse, E., Shinriki, S., Tasaki, M., Jono, H., Asonuma, K., Inomata, Y., Westermark, P., Ando, Y. Tags: Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Neuromuscular disease, Peripheral nerve disease Source Type: research

Dystrophin levels and clinical severity in Becker muscular dystrophy patients
Conclusions Our study shows that dystrophin levels appear not to be a major determinant of disease severity in BMD, as long as it is above approximately 10%. A significant relation between age and disease course was only found in the exon 45–47 deletion subgroup. This suggests that at higher dystrophin levels, the disease course depends more on the mutation site than on the amount of the dystrophin protein produced.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 10, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: van den Bergen, J. C., Wokke, B. H., Janson, A. A., van Duinen, S. G., Hulsker, M. A., Ginjaar, H. B., van Deutekom, J. C., Aartsma-Rus, A., Kan, H. E., Verschuuren, J. J. Tags: Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Muscle disease, Neuromuscular disease, Radiology, Musculoskeletal syndromes, Surgical diagnostic tests Source Type: research

Sensitivity and predictive value of anti-GM1/galactocerebroside IgM antibodies in multifocal motor neuropathy
Conclusions Testing for anti-GM1/GalC IgM significantly increased the sensitivity of antibody testing in MMN compared to anti-GM1 alone (p=0.021) and may represent a preferred option for GM1 reactivity testing in MMN.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 10, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Nobile-Orazio, E., Giannotta, C., Musset, L., Messina, P., Leger, J.-M., Gallia, Costa Tags: Immunology (including allergy) Neuromuscular Source Type: research

A practical approach to diagnosing adult onset leukodystrophies
Introduction The term leukodystrophy refers to a group of conditions that are inherited and involve the progressive destruction or loss of previously acquired myelin.1 The most commonly reported of these disorders have a metabolic origin and are associated with abnormalities on specialist biochemical testing. Recently, a number of conditions caused by genes coding for proteins not directly involved in metabolic pathways and for which the diagnosis relies directly on gene analysis have also been described. In clinical practice, distinguishing ‘classical’ inherited leukodystrophies from other causes of white matt...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 10, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Ahmed, R. M., Murphy, E., Davagnanam, I., Parton, M., Schott, J. M., Mummery, C. J., Rohrer, J. D., Lachmann, R. H., Houlden, H., Fox, N. C., Chataway, J. Tags: Editor's choice, Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Dementia, Multiple sclerosis, Neuroimaging, Neuromuscular disease, Pain (neurology), Peripheral nerve disease, Ophthalmology, Child and adolescent psychiatry, Memory disorders (psy Source Type: research

A dam for retrograde axonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis?
This study investigated to what extent trans-synaptic axonal degeneration takes place within the visual pathway in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods A single-centre study, including patients with long-standing MS and healthy controls. Structural imaging of the brain (MRI) and retina (spectral-domain optical coherence tomography) were used to quantify the extent of atrophy of individual retinal layers and the primary and secondary visual cortex. Generalised estimation equations and multivariable regression analyses were used for comparisons. Results Following rigorous quality control (OSCAR-IB), data from 549 eyes of 293 s...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 10, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Balk, L. J., Twisk, J. W. R., Steenwijk, M. D., Daams, M., Tewarie, P., Killestein, J., Uitdehaag, B. M. J., Polman, C. H., Petzold, A. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Multiple sclerosis, Neuromuscular disease, Peripheral nerve disease, Ophthalmology, Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Source Type: research

Application of the 2012 revised diagnostic definitions for paediatric multiple sclerosis and immune-mediated central nervous system demyelination disorders
Conclusions MS diagnosis can be made reliable and early using the 2012 IPMSSG consensus definitions. This is beneficial for adequate counselling of children and their families and for early treatment possibilities.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 10, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: van Pelt, E. D., Neuteboom, R. F., Ketelslegers, I. A., Boon, M., Catsman-Berrevoets, C. E., Hintzen, R. Q., On behalf of the Dutch Study Group for Paediatric MS Tags: JNNP Patients' choice, Immunology (including allergy), Multiple sclerosis Source Type: research

Predicting autoimmunity after alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosis
Conclusions Currently available IL-21 ELISA kits should not be used to counsel individuals with multiple sclerosis considering treatment with alemtuzumab.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 10, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Azzopardi, L., Thompson, S. A. J., Harding, K. E., Cossburn, M., Robertson, N., Compston, A., Coles, A. J., Jones, J. L. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Multiple sclerosis Source Type: research

Acute bilateral visual loss in a young adult
A young adult presented with headache, bilateral retro-orbital pain, decreased visual acuity (VA) bilaterally and left sided facial paraesthesias. Visual failure occurred over 3 days. There were no other neurological symptoms. Recent history included a viral illness with fever, headache and pharyngitis. There was no past medical history. On examination, best VA was 6/5 on the right and 6/60 on the left with a relative afferent pupillary defect. Visual field examination revealed severe loss bilaterally: the left eye had superior nasal quadrant perception of hand movement; the right had superior hemifield perception of ...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 10, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Wardman, D. L., Zagami, A. S. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Headache (including migraine), Multiple sclerosis, Pain (neurology), Ophthalmology, Ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology Neurological pictures Source Type: research

Thermoregulation in huntington's disease
Discussion Using the parameters mentioned in the methods section we reviewed three papers concerning thermoregulation in HD over the last 10 years. It appears that information in this niche field is quite limited and experimentation is required to evolve our understanding of the pathogenesis of this fatal disease. The first article attempts to link the use of psychotropics in the treatment of psychotic symptoms of HD with hyperthermia. The second article explores the profound thermoregulatory defect in the BAT of HD transgenic mice. Multiple cohorts were tested for adaptative thermogenesis at week 10 and 20 of age with all...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - July 9, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Lu, I., Rana, S., El-Nimr, G. Tags: Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Movement disorders (other than Parkinsons), Memory disorders (psychiatry), Psychotic disorders (incl schizophrenia), Physiotherapy POSTER ABSTRACTS Source Type: research

The prospects for a vaccine for alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology is characterised by abnormal aggregation in the brain of amyloid-β (Ab) and hyperphosphorylated tau, associated with inflammation and loss of neurons and synapses. The amyloid cascade hypothesis places abnormal aggregation of Ab at an early point in the pathogenesis of the disease, upstream of tau aggregation, although how Ab and tau interact in disease pathogenesis is unclear. In numerous studies of transgenic mouse models of AD, Ab immunisation has resulted in Ab plaque removal with functional benefits. We have performed a long term clinical and neuropathological follow up of ...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - July 9, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Nicoll, J. Tags: Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Dementia, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Neuropathology, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Psychiatry of old age British Neuropsychiatry Association 27th AGMInstitute of Child Health, Central London Source Type: research

Trem2 variants increase risk of typical early-onset alzheimer's disease but not of prion or frontotemporal dementia
Conclusion Heterozygous p.R47H variants confer specific risk for Alzheimer's disease, and result in earlier symptom onset in a disease that appears otherwise typical for sporadic Alzheimer's disease.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - July 9, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Slattery, C., Beck, J., Harper, L., Adamson, G., Abdi, Z., Uphill, J., Campbell, T., Druyeh, R., Mahoney, C., Rohrer, J., Kenny, J., Lowe, J., Leung, K., Barnes, J., Clegg, S., Blair, M., Nicholas, J., Guerreiro, R., Rowe, J., Ponto, C., Zerr, I., Kretzsc Tags: Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Dementia, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Infection (neurology), Variant Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Psychiatry of old age MEMBERS ' PLATFORM PRESENTATIONS Source Type: research

Recognising and diagnosing inflammatory brain disease
In contrast to ‘conventional’ neuro-inflammatory or neuro-immune diseases like multiple sclerosis, CNS involvement in systemic inflammatory disorders can be very difficult to recognise, and even more difficult to confirm. Vasculitis, lupus, sarcoidosis and other disorders all may involve the brain and/or spinal cord, and in each instance, presentation with exclusively neurological features is far from unknown. In most such disorders, there are no diagnostic clinical features; many of these diseases mimic each other. Once suspected, it is commonly the case that no tests are available that categorically prove the...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - July 9, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Scolding, N. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Multiple sclerosis, Radiology, Vascularitis, Surgical diagnostic tests NEUROPSYCHIATRY RESEARCH UPDATE Source Type: research

Paraneoplastic neurological disorders
Paraneoplastic Neurological Disorders (PND) are uncommon but important because they frequently present before a cancer is diagnosed and because they cause severe neurological disability. Current thinking is that they are caused by an autoimmune response to ‘onconeural’ antigens, shared by the tumour and the nervous system, although the precise immunopathogenic mechanism is unknown. It is likely that there is an important cellular immune response as evidenced by the presence of lymphocytic infiltration and activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes, found in the CSF of affected patients. PND may affect any part of the ne...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - July 9, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Rees, J. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Brain stem / cerebellum, Coma and raised intracranial pressure, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Infection (neurology), Neuromuscular disease, Radiology, Disability, Radiology (diagnostics) NEUROPSYCHIATRY RESEARCH UPDATE Source Type: research