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Cancers, Vol. 14, Pages 5363: Electroporation in Head-and-Neck Cancer: An Innovative Approach with Immunotherapy and Nanotechnology Combination
i Marco Benazzo Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy that arises in the head-and-neck district. Traditional treatment could be insufficient in case of recurrent and/or metastatic cancers; for this reason, more selective and enhanced treatments are in evaluation in preclinical and clinical trials to increase in situ concentration of chemotherapy drugs promoting a selectively antineoplastic activity. Among all cancer treatment types (i.e., surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy), electroporation (EP) has emerged as a safe, less invasive, and effective approach for cancer treatment. Reversible EP, using an...
Source: Cancers - October 31, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Silvia Pisani Giulia Bertino Adriele Prina-Mello Laura Deborah Locati Simone Mauramati Ida Genta Rossella Dorati Bice Conti Marco Benazzo Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 14, Pages 4438: Pan-Cancer Analysis of Pentraxin 3: A Potential Biomarker of COVID-19
Zhong Wu Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a potential biomarker of the severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients, is aberrantly expressed in human tumors. However, a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of PTX3 remains to be elucidated. PTX3 data profiles and clinical information in TCGA cancers were obtained from different public databases to clarify the expression levels, genetic alterations, prognostic significance, underlying mechanisms, and the predicted role in immunotherapy of PTX3 across TCGA cancers. Our analyses showed that PTX3 was aberrantly expressed in most tumors and was significantly related to prognosis and tumor s...
Source: Cancers - September 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zijian Zhou Xuan Zhou Yuanyuan Yang Lujia Wang Zhong Wu Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 166: Molecular Targeting of HuR Oncoprotein Suppresses MITF and Induces Apoptosis in Melanoma Cells
Conclusion: HuR-NP exhibited antitumor activity in melanoma cells independent of their oncogenic B-RAF mutational status. Additionally, combinatorial therapy incorporating MEK inhibitor holds promise in overriding MITF-mediated drug resistance in melanoma.
Source: Cancers - January 6, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rebaz Ahmed Ranganayaki Muralidharan Akhil Srivastava Sarah E. Johnston Yan D. Zhao Suhendan Ekmekcioglu Anupama Munshi Rajagopal Ramesh Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 2857: The Oncoprotein SKI Acts as A Suppressor of NK Cell-Mediated Immunosurveillance in PDAC
on Strandmann Drugs targeting epigenetic mechanisms such as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) suppress tumor growth. HDACi also induce the expression of ligands for the cytotoxicity receptor NKG2D rendering tumors more susceptible to natural killer (NK) cell-dependent killing. The major acetylases responsible for the expression of NKG2D ligands (NKG2D-L) are CBP and p300. The role of the oncogene and transcriptional repressor SKI, an essential part of an HDAC-recruiting co-repressor complex, which competes with CBP/p300 for binding to SMAD3 in TGFβ signaling, is unknown. Here we show that the siRNA-me...
Source: Cancers - October 2, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Viviane Ponath Miriam Frech Mathis Bittermann Reem Al Khayer Andreas Neubauer Cornelia Brendel Elke Pogge von Strandmann Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 2603: Inhibition of Caspases Improves Non-Viral T Cell Receptor Editing
In this study, we attempt to solve the problem by screening small molecule drugs with an immortalized human T cell line, Jurkat clone E6-1, for inhibition of apoptosis. The study identifies a few caspase inhibitors that could be used to simultaneously enhance the cell viability and the efficiency of plasmid DNA electrotransfer. Additionally, we show that the enhancement could be achieved through knockdown of caspase 3 expression in siRNA treated cells, suggesting that the cell death in electrotransfer experiments was caused mainly by caspase 3-dependent apoptosis. Finally, we investigated if the caspase inhibitors could im...
Source: Cancers - September 10, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chunxi Wang Chun-Chi Chang Liangli Wang Fan Yuan Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 176: Releasing the Immune System Brakes Using siRNAs Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy
d Therapeutic dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccines rely on the immune system to eradicate tumour cells. Although tumour antigen-specific T cell responses have been observed in most studies, clinical responses are fairly low, arguing for the need to improve the design of DC-based vaccines. The incorporation of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against immunosuppressive factors in the manufacturing process of DCs can turn the vaccine into potent immune stimulators. Additionally, siRNA modification of ex vivo-expanded T cells for adoptive immunotherapy enhanced their killing potency. Most of the siRNA-targeted immune inhibit...
Source: Cancers - February 3, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mouldy Sioud Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 108: Cancer Immunotherapy: Silencing Intracellular Negative Immune Regulators of Dendritic Cells
eng-Chi Yen Dendritic cells (DCs) are capable of activating adaptive immune responses, or inducing immune suppression or tolerance. In the tumor microenvironment, the function of DCs is polarized into immune suppression that attenuates the effect of T cells, promoting differentiation of regulatory T cells and supporting tumor progression. Therefore, blocking negative immune regulators in DCs is considered a strategy of cancer immunotherapy. Antibodies can target molecules on the cell surface, but not intracellular molecules of DCs. The delivery of short-hairpin RNAs (shRNA) and small-interfering RNAs (siRNA) should be ...
Source: Cancers - January 17, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yao-Hua Liu I-Jeng Yeh Ming-Derg Lai Kuan-Ting Liu Po-Lin Kuo Meng-Chi Yen Tags: Review Source Type: research