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Effect of siRNA-induced Atg7 gene silencing on the sensitivity of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells to cisplatin.
Authors: Zhang X, Wang LL, Wang B, Liu HL, Zhang J, Li YH, Wang LH Abstract Ovarian cancer is one of the most common types of gynecological malignant tumors. A proclivity for, or the development of chemoresistance severely affects treatment efficacy for ovarian cancer. Herein we found that as concentrations of cisplatin (DDP) used in SKOV3 cells increased, expression of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased as did amounts of proteins of Beclin-1 and Autophagy-Related Gene 7 (Atg7) whereas in contrast, expression of P62 protein decreased gradually. Expression of Atg7 protein in SKOV3 cells in the siR...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - June 10, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Silencing MRP1-4 genes by RNA interference enhances sensitivity of human hepatoma cells to chemotherapy.
CONCLUSION: Inhibition of MRP1-4 by small interfering RNA enhanced and selectively restored sensitivity of hepatoma cells to drugs. MRP1-4 siRNA might represent a new therapeutic option for HCC. PMID: 27398162 [PubMed]
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - July 12, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Inhibition of N-acetyltransferase 10 using remodelin attenuates doxorubicin resistance by reversing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer.
Authors: Wu J, Zhu H, Wu J, Chen W, Guan X Abstract Development of resistance to doxorubicin-based chemotherapy limits curative effect in breast cancer (BC). N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), a nucleolar protein involved in histone acetylation, is overexpressed in several cancers. We investigated whether NAT10 is involved in doxorubicin resistance in BC and explored the potential mechanisms. Remodelin, a NAT10 inhibitor, and a NAT10 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to inhibit NAT10; both remodelin and the NAT10 siRNA reduced cell viability and attenuated doxorubicin resistance in four BC cell lines. Remodelin ...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - February 11, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Targeting the eIF4E/ β-catenin axis sensitizes cervical carcinoma squamous cells to chemotherapy.
In this study, we investigated the phosphorylation levels of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) in cervical cancer cells subjected to chemotherapy. Results showed that chemotherapeutic drugs significantly increased eIF4E phosphorylation at S209 in HeLa and SiHa cells. Upregulation of phosphorylated eIF4E (p-eIF4E) levels has also been shown in cisplatin-resistant HeLa cells and has been observed to be a common response of cervical cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We further showed that chemotherapeutic drugs increase β-catenin activity and mRNA levels of Wnt/β-catenin target genes in cervical can...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - April 9, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

GC7 blocks epithelial-mesenchymal transition and reverses hypoxia-induced chemotherapy resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
In this study, we investigated the role of GC7 in the therapeutic effect of doxorubicin in hypoxia in HCC. We utilized four types of HCC cell line (Huh7, Hep3B, SNU387 and SNU449) in this study. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect expression of epithelial/mesenchymal markers for EMT evaluation and HIF-1α was knocked down using HIF-1α-siRNA. Hypoxia-induced EMT contributed to doxorubicin chemoresistance in HCC cells. Low concentrations of GC7 sensitized Huh7 and Hep3B to doxorubicin by reversing EMT. Knockdown of HIF-1α attenuated hypoxia-induced EMT and abolished the unique feature of GC7. GC7 enhanc...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - June 2, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

eIF5A2 regulates the resistance of gastric cancer cells to cisplatin via induction of EMT.
This study aimed to investigate the role of eIF5A2 in cisplatin resistance of GC cells and its relationship with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We found that it is negative correlation between cisplatin resistance and eIF5A2's expression in GC cells. Silencing of eIF5A2 enhanced the sensitivity of GC cells to cisplatin, while overexpression of eIF5A2 decreased sensitivity. Cisplatin treatment induced gene expression changes consistent with EMT. EMT was blocked and the sensitivity of GC cells to cisplatin was increased by inhibiting the expression of Twist, indicating that EMT regulates the sensitivity of GC cells...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - January 24, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Snail expression contributes to temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma.
Authors: Liang H, Chen G, Li J, Yang F Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of most malignancy tumors worldwide. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an important chemotherapy drug in GBM therapy. However, acquired TMZ-resistance frequently happens in GBM therapy and leads to high percentage of GBM recurrence. In our study, we demonstrated that Snail is upregulated in recurrent GBM tumors, and promotes the GBM cells resistant to TMZ induced apoptosis. Enhanced expression of Snail compromises the apoptosis induced by TMZ, and increases the cell migration and invasion. Reversely, depletion of Snail by siRNA has the opposite effects. ...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - August 11, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Effect of bevacizumab on the tight junction proteins of vascular endothelial cells.
This study aimed to investigate how bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) neutralizing antibody applied in clinic, affects the tight junction protein CLDN5 and subsequently influences tumor cell invasion and potential metastasis. Western-blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry revealed that low-dose bevacizumab up-regulated CLDN5, whereas high-dose bevacizumab down-regulated CLDN5. Cell migration, invasion and permeation assay demonstrated that high-dose bevacizumab enhanced the migration, invasion and permeation abilities of human um...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - October 23, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

CXCR3 confers sorafenib resistance of HCC cells through regulating metabolic alteration and AMPK pathway.
Authors: Ren Y, Gu YK, Li Z, Xu GZ, Zhang YM, Dong MX, Wang Y, Zhou XB Abstract Currently, the acquired resistance of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) first-line therapeutic agent-sorafenib (SOR) remains a major challenge for HCC management. Recent evidence suggested the association between CXCL/CXCRs chemokines and chemotherapy resistant in cancer cells. Hence, exploring the internal mechanism of CXCRs involved in SOR resistance will help to improve the efficacy of HCC. SOR-resistant HCC cells (Huh7-SOR) were established through escalating concentration of SOR. Glucose consumption, lactate production, intracellu...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - April 11, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Reduced expression of enolase-1 correlates with high intracellular glucose levels and increased senescence in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells.
Authors: Santana-Rivera Y, Rabelo-Fernández RJ, Quiñones-Díaz BI, Grafals-Ruíz N, Santiago-Sánchez G, Lozada-Delgado EL, Echevarría-Vargas IM, Apiz J, Soto D, Rosado A, Meléndez L, Valiyeva F, Vivas-Mejía PE Abstract Despite good responses to first-line treatment with platinum-based combination chemotherapy, most ovarian cancer patients will relapse and eventually develop a platinum-resistant disease with a poor overall prognosis. The molecular events leading to the cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer cells are not fully understood. Here, we performed a proteomic analysis to identify protein candidates d...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - May 2, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Ribonuclease H2 Subunit A impacts invasiveness and chemoresistance resulting in poor survivability of breast cancer in ER dependent manner.
Authors: Shen J, Lin S, Liu L, Wang C Abstract Ribonuclease H2 subunit A (RNASEH2A), a member of the RNase HII family, acts in DNA replication by mediating removal of lagging-strand Okazaki fragment RNA primers. We explored the roles of RNASEH2A in the prognosis of breast cancer, specifically in relation to proliferation, invasiveness, and sensitivity to cytotoxins of cells in the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF-7 and the ER-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. We collected 26 datasets from around the world, comprising 7815 accessible cases. In these datasets, we probed the association between expressi...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - June 10, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

CD44 expression enhances chemoresistance and implies occult micrometastases after conversion hepatectomy for initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases.
CONCLUSIONS: CD44 enhances chemoresistance in response to anti-cancer drugs (fluorouracil and oxaliplatin) in colon cancer cells. CD44 expression in liver metastases after chemotherapy implies the presence of occult micrometastases and is a worse prognostic factor in patients with conversion hepatectomy for initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases. PMID: 33042471 [PubMed]
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - October 13, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research