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Source: Frontiers in Immunology
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Total 269 results found since Jan 2013.
IL-36 Cytokines: Their Roles in Asthma and Potential as a Therapeutic
Interleukin (IL)-36 cytokines are members of the IL-1 superfamily, which consists of three agonists (IL-36α, IL-36β and IL-36γ) and an IL-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36Ra). IL-36 cytokines are crucial for immune and inflammatory responses. Abnormal levels of IL-36 cytokine expression are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation, autoimmunity, allergy and cancer. The present study provides a summary of recent reports on IL-36 cytokines that participate in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, and the potential mechanisms underlying their roles in asthma. Abnormal levels of IL-36 cytokines are associated with the ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 12, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Th2A cells: The pathogenic players in allergic diseases
Proallergic type 2 helper T (Th2A) cells are a subset of memory Th2 cells confined to atopic individuals, and they include all the allergen-specific Th2 cells. Recently, many studies have shown that Th2A cells characterized by CD3+ CD4+ HPGDS+ CRTH2+ CD161high ST2high CD49dhigh CD27low play a crucial role in allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy (FA), allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). In this review, we summarize the discovery, biomarkers, and biological properties of Th2A cells to gain new insights into the pathogenesis of allergic diseases.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - August 8, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma in Stevens –Johnson syndrome-like acute graft-versus-host disease after liver transplantation: A case report
ConclusionWe demonstrated a diagnostic strategy for OLT-aGVHD. Targeting therapy with anti-TNF-α blockade and a temporary withdrawal of traditional immunosuppressants may be among effective and safe therapeutic options of OLT-aGVHD for those with severe sepsis.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - August 18, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Utilizing mast cells in a positive manner to overcome inflammatory and allergic diseases
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells widely distributed in the body, accompanied by diverse phenotypes and functions. Committed mast cell precursors (MCPs) leave the bone marrow and enter the blood circulation, homing to peripheral sites under the control of various molecules from different microenvironments, where they eventually differentiate and mature. Partly attributable to the unique maturation mechanism, MCs display high functional heterogeneity and potentially plastic phenotypes. High plasticity also means that MCs can exhibit different subtypes to cope with different microenvironments, which we call “the peripheral...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - September 14, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Cumulative IgE-levels specific for respiratory allergens as biomarker to predict efficacy of anti-IgE-based treatment of severe asthma
Molecular therapies, including anti-IgE, biologicals and small molecules are increasingly used for treatment of asthma. The effectiveness of these therapies may be increased with biomarkers. Aim of this study was to assess the value of measuring cumulative IgE levels specific for respiratory allergens to increase the efficacy of anti-IgE therapy for severe bronchial asthma. One hundred and thirty seven patients with severe asthma were recruited from 2016 to 2022. Standard empirical allergy diagnosis (i.e., anamnesis, skin testing, allergen-specific IgE measurement), blood eosinophil counting, measurement of total IgE and o...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - September 21, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Mechanisms of unconventional CD8 Tc2 lymphocyte induction in allergic contact dermatitis: Role of H3/H4 histamine receptors
Histamine (HA) is a potent mediator that plays a central role in inflammation and allergy, acting through four G-protein-coupled receptors (i.e. H1–H4). HA is an accepted promoter of type 2 immunity in CD4+ T cells during hypersensitivity. Previously, we demonstrated that HA can promote antigen cross-presentation, inducing the activation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in an asthmatic murine model. Non-classical CD8+ T-cell profiles, such as Tc2 or Tc17, are associated with allergic disease persistence and chronicity. In this paper, we focus on the role of the H3 receptor (H3R) and the H4 receptor (H4R) in the developme...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - October 7, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Biological screening of a unique drug library targeting MRGPRX2
ConclusionOur findings could facilitate the development of interventions for personalized prevention and treatment of DHRs, as well as future pharmacogenetic investigations of MRGPRX2 in relevant disease cohorts.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - October 21, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Uncovering the information immunology journals transmitted for COVID-19: A bibliometric and visualization analysis
ConclusionThis study systematically uncovered a holistic picture of the current research on COVID-19 published in major immunology journals from the perspective of bibliometrics, which will provide a reference for future research in this field.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - October 31, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The top 100 most cited articles in the last two decades of atopic dermatitis: A bibliometric analysis
ConclusionsOur study aims to provide physicians and researchers with a historical perspective for the scientific progress of atopic dermatitis, and help clinicians effectively obtain useful articles that have a significant impact on the field of atopic dermatitis.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - November 30, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Upregulated antimicrobial immune response mediated by neutrophils in the development from allergic rhinitis to asthma
ConclusionsThe activation of the antimicrobial immune response mediated by neutrophils and the depression of cytotoxicity mediated by natural killer cells may play roles in the progression from AR to asthma.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - December 8, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Integrative transcriptomic analysis in human and mouse model of anaphylaxis identifies gene signatures associated with cell movement, migration and neuroinflammatory signalling
ConclusionOur study highlights the matched and extensive blood transcriptomic changes and suggests the involvement of discrete cellular components and upregulation of migration and neuroinflammatory pathways during anaphylaxis.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - December 8, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Precision medicine: The use of tailored therapy in primary immunodeficiencies
Primary immunodeficiencies (PID) are rare, complex diseases that can be characterised by a spectrum of phenotypes, from increased susceptibility to infections to autoimmunity, allergy, auto-inflammatory diseases and predisposition to malignancy. With the introduction of genetic testing in these patients and wider use of next-Generation sequencing techniques, a higher number of pathogenic genetic variants and conditions have been identified, allowing the development of new, targeted treatments in PID. The concept of precision medicine, that aims to tailor the medical interventions to each patient, allows to perform more pre...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - December 8, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Basophils from allergy to cancer
Human basophils, first identified over 140 years ago, account for just 0.5-1% of circulating leukocytes. While this scarcity long hampered basophil studies, innovations during the past 30 years, beginning with their isolation and more recently in the development of mouse models, have markedly advanced our understanding of these cells. Although dissimilarities between human and mouse basophils persist, the overall findings highlight the growing importance of these cells in health and disease. Indeed, studies continue to support basophils as key participants in IgE-mediated reactions, where they infiltrate inflammatory lesio...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - December 12, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Unraveling the role of Breg cells in digestive tract cancer and infectious immunity
Over the past two decades, regulatory B cells (Breg cells or Bregs) have emerged as an immunosuppressive subset of B lymphocytes playing a key role in inflammation, infection, allergy, transplantation, and cancer. However, the involvement of Bregs in various pathological conditions of the gastrointestinal tract is not fully understood and is the subject of much recent research. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current state of knowledge about the origin, phenotype, and suppressive mechanisms of Bregs. The relationship between the host gut microbiota and the function of Bregs in the context of the disturbance of mu...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - December 23, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Immunological consequences of microbiome-based therapeutics
The complex network of microscopic organisms living on and within humans, collectively referred to as the microbiome, produce wide array of biologically active molecules that shape our health. Disruption of the microbiome is associated with susceptibility to a range of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, allergy, obesity, and infection. A new series of next-generation microbiome-based therapies are being developed to treat these diseases by transplanting bacteria or bacterial-derived byproducts into a diseased individual to reset the recipient’s microbiome and restore health. Microbiome transplantation therapy is still in...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - January 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
