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Source: Redox Biology
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Total 62 results found since Jan 2013.
Intestinal CYP2E1: A mediator of alcohol-induced gut leakiness
Publication date: 2014 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 3 Author(s): Christopher B. Forsyth , Robin M. Voigt , Ali. Keshavarzian Chronic alcohol use can result in many pathological effects including alcoholic liver disease (ALD). While alcohol is necessary for the development of ALD, only 20–30% of alcoholics develop alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) with progressive liver disease leading to cirrhosis and liver failure (ALD). This suggests that while chronic alcohol consumption is necessary it is not sufficient to induce clinically relevant liver damage in the absence of a secondary risk factor. Studies in rodent models and ...
Source: Redox Biology - December 14, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Expression of xCT and activity of system xc− are regulated by NRF2 in human breast cancer cells in response to oxidative stress
Publication date: Available online 18 March 2015 Source:Redox Biology Author(s): Eric Habib , Katja Linher-Melville , Han-Xin Lin , Gurmit Singh Cancer cells adapt to high levels of oxidative stress in order to survive and proliferate by activating key transcription factors. One such master regulator, the redox sensitive transcription factor NF E2 Related Factor 2 (NRF2), controls the expression of cellular defense genes including those encoding intracellular redox-balancing proteins involved in glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Under basal conditions, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) targets NRF2 for ubiquitinatio...
Source: Redox Biology - March 18, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research
The novel triterpenoid RTA 408 protects human retinal pigment epithelial cells against H2O2-induced cell injury via NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation
In conclusion, our data suggest that RTA 408 protect primary human RPE cells from oxidative stress-induced damage by activating Nrf2 and its downstream genes.
Source: Redox Biology - December 20, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Low Dose Radioadaptive Response
In this study, we focused on the possible role of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in RAR. Consistent with previous studies, priming dose of X-ray radiation (1-10cGy) induced significant RAR in normal human skin fibroblasts (AG 1522 cells). Transcription and translation of HO-1 was up-regulated more than two fold by a priming dose of radiation (5cGy). Zinc protoporphyrin Ⅸ, a specific competitive inhibitor of HO-1, efficiently inhibited RAR whereas hemin, an inducer of HO-1, could mimic priming dose of X-rays to induce RAR. Knocking down of HO-1 by transfection of HO-1 siRNA significantly attenuated RAR. Furthermore, the expressi...
Source: Redox Biology - March 5, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
PARP-1 inhibition influences the oxidative stress response of the human lens
Publication date: Available online 7 March 2016 Source:Redox Biology Author(s): Andrew J.O. Smith, Simon S.R. Ball, Richard P. Bowater, I. Michael Wormstone Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is best characterised for its involvement in DNA repair. PARP-1 activity is also linked to cell fate, confounding its roles in maintaining genome integrity. The current study assessed the functional roles of PARP-1 within human lens cells in response to oxidative stress. The human lens epithelial cell line FHL124 and whole human lens cultures were used as experimental systems. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was employed to induce ...
Source: Redox Biology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Glutathione S-transferase pi modulates NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory responses in lung epithelial cells
The objective of the present study was to determine whether GSTP regulates NF-κB signaling, S-glutathionylation of IKK, and subsequent pro-inflammatory signaling. We demonstrated that, in unstimulated cells, GSTP associated with the inhibitor of NF-κB, IκBα. However, exposure to LPS resulted in a rapid loss of association between IκBα and GSTP, and instead led to a protracted association between IKKβ and GSTP. LPS exposure also led to increases in the S-glutathionylation of IKKβ. SiRNA-mediated knockdown of GSTP decreased IKKβ-SSG, and enhanced NF-κB nuclear translocation, transcriptional activity, and pro-inflam...
Source: Redox Biology - April 5, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Hydrogen sulfide metabolism regulates endothelial solute barrier function
Publication date: Available online 11 August 2016 Source:Redox Biology Author(s): Shuai Yuan, Sibile Pardue, Xinggui Shen, J. Steven Alexander, A. Wayne Orr, Christopher G. Kevil Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important gaseous signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system. In addition to free H2S, H2S can be oxidized to polysulfide which can be biologically active. Since the impact of H2S on endothelial solute barrier function is not known, we sought to determine whether H2S and its various metabolites affect endothelial permeability. In vitro permeability was evaluated using albumin flux and transendothelial electrical ...
Source: Redox Biology - August 10, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Connexin43 Hemichannels Contributes to the Disassembly of Cell Junctions through Modulation of Intracellular Oxidative Status
Publication date: Available online 21 August 2016 Source:Redox Biology Author(s): Yuan Chi, Xiling Zhang, Zhen zhang, Takahiko Mitsui, Manabu Kamiyama, Masayuki Takeda, Jian Yao Connexin (Cx) hemichannels regulate many cellular processes with little information available regarding their mechanisms. Given that many pathological factors that activate hemichannels also disrupts the integrity of cellular junctions, we speculated a potential participation of hemichannels in the regulation of cell junctions. Here we tested this hypothesis. Exposure of renal tubular epithelial cells to Ca2+-free medium led to disassembly of tigh...
Source: Redox Biology - August 20, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Parkin Deficiency Exacerbate Ethanol-Induced Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration by P38 Pathway dependent inhibition of autophagy and mitochondrial function
Publication date: Available online 8 December 2016 Source:Redox Biology Author(s): Chul Ju Hwang, Young Eun Kim, Dong Ju Son, Mi Hee Park, Dong-Young Choi, Pil-Hoon Park, Sang-Bae Han, Ki-Wan Oh, Jin Tae Hong Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Parkin (which encoded by Park2), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is the most frequently mutated gene that has casually been linked to autosomal recessive early onset familial PD. We tested the effect of Park2 on ethanol-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Park2 knockout (KO) t...
Source: Redox Biology - December 7, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Brd4 inhibition attenuates unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced fibrosis by blocking TGF- β-mediated Nox4 expression
In conclusion, these results indicated that the inhibition of Brd4 might protect against renal fibrosis by blocking the TGF-β-Nox4-ROS-fibrosis axis, suggesting that Brd4 could be a promising therapeutic target. Graphical abstract
Source: Redox Biology - December 30, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) induced apoptosis and necroptosis in endothelial cells: roles of NOX4 and mitochondrion
Publication date: Available online 5 January 2017 Source:Redox Biology Author(s): Wenwen Zhao, Haitao Feng, Wen Sun, Kang Liu, Jin-Jian Lu, Xiuping Chen Oxidative stress causes endothelial death while underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, the pro-death effect of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) was investigated with low concentration (50μM) of t-BHP (t-BHPL) and high concentration (500μM) of t-BHP (t-BHPH). Both t-BHPL and t-BHPH induced endothelial cell death was determined. T-BHPL induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which was inhibited by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)....
Source: Redox Biology - January 5, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Critical role of vascular peroxidase 1 in regulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase
Publication date: August 2017 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 12 Author(s): Zhaoya Liu, Yanbo Liu, Qian Xu, Haiyang Peng, Yixin Tang, Tianlun Yang, Zaixin Yu, Guangjie Cheng, Guogang Zhang, Ruizheng Shi Vascular peroxidase 1 (VPO1) is a member of the peroxidase family which aggravates oxidative stress by producing hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Our previous study demonstrated that VPO1 plays a critical role in endothelial dysfunction through dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase2 (DDAH2)/asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) pathway. Hereby we describe the regulatory role of VPO1 on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) express...
Source: Redox Biology - March 2, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
CO-releasing molecules CORM2 attenuates angiotensin II-induced human aortic smooth muscle cell migration through inhibition of ROS/IL-6 generation and matrix metalloproteinases-9 expression
In conclusion, CORM-2 inhibits Ang II-induced HASMCs migration through inactivation of suppression of NADPH oxidase/ROS generation, NF-κB inactivation and IL-6/MMP-9 expression. Thus, application of CO, especially CORM-2, is a potential countermeasure to reverse the pathological changes of various cardiovascular diseases. Further effects aimed at identifying novel antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substances protective for heart and blood vessels that targeting CO and establishment of well-designed in vivo models properly evaluating the efficacy of these agents are needed. Graphical abstract
Source: Redox Biology - March 10, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and arterial neointima formation associated with acid sphingomyelinase during hypercholesterolemia
Publication date: October 2017 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 13 Author(s): Saisudha Koka, Min Xia, Yang Chen, Owais M. Bhat, Xinxu Yuan, Krishna M. Boini, Pin-Lan Li The NLRP3 inflammasome has been reported to be activated by atherogenic factors, whereby endothelial injury and consequent atherosclerotic lesions are triggered in the arterial wall. However, the mechanisms activating and regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes remain poorly understood. The present study tested whether acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) and ceramide associated membrane raft (MR) signaling platforms contribute to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and ather...
Source: Redox Biology - June 19, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Probucol ameliorates renal injury in diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the expression of the redox enzyme p66Shc
Publication date: October 2017 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 13 Author(s): Shikun Yang, Li Zhao, Yachun Han, Yu Liu, Chao Chen, Ming Zhan, Xiaofen Xiong, Xuejing Zhu, Li Xiao, Chun Hu, Fuyou Liu, Zhiguang Zhou, Yashpal S. Kanwar, Lin Sun Aims Probucol is an anti-hyperlipidemic agent and a potent antioxidant drug that can delay progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and reverses renal oxidative stress in diabetic animal models; however, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. p66Shc is a newly recognized mediator of mitochondrial ROS production in renal cells under high-glucose (HG) ambience. We previously...
Source: Redox Biology - July 17, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research
