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Testosterone protects cardiac myocytes from superoxide injury via NF-κB signalling pathways
This study examined the impact of testosterone on viability of cardiac myocytes and the role of NF-κB signalling pathways. Materials and methods Rat H9c2 myocytes were cultured in steroid-free media and incubated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 200μM, 6h). NF-κB expression was knocked down by RelA (p65) siRNA interference. Testosterone (5–100nM, 24–48h) was provided into the media and androgen receptor (AR) blocked by flutamide (100nM). Cell apoptotic/necrotic death was determined by morphological examination and flow-cytometric analysis. Gene expression was examined by Western blotting analysis. Key findings Testos...
Source: Life Sciences - June 27, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

ERK5 regulates basic fibroblast growth factor-induced type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor expression and cell proliferation in lung fibroblasts
This study reveals a novel role for ERK5−MEF2 cascade, linking bFGF-induced PAI-1 expression and subsequent mitogenic processes in lung fibroblasts.
Source: Life Sciences - May 31, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Adiponectin deletion impairs insulin signaling in insulin-sensitive but not insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes
This study investigated regulatory effects of adiponectin on glucose transport and insulin signaling in insulin-sensitive or insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Main methods 3T3-L1 fibroblasts were transfected with non-target or adiponectin (ADN) siRNA and differentiated. Chronic treatment with insulin (24 h, 100 nM) was employed to induce insulin resistance in differentiated adipocytes. Insulin-stimulated glucose transport was measured and protein and mRNA levels were assessed by Western blot and RT-PCR. Key findings Prolonged incubation with insulin significantly reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, suggesting t...
Source: Life Sciences - May 7, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Neuroprotection against 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells by 5,7-Dihydroxychromone: Activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway
Publication date: Available online 26 March 2015 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Dong-Woo Kim , Kyoung-tae Lee , Jaeyoung Kwon , Hak Ju Lee , Dongho Lee , Woongchon Mar Aims The aim of this study was to prove neuroprotective effect of 5,7-Dihydroxychromone (DHC) through Nrf2/ARE signal pathway. To elucidate the mechanism, we investigated whether 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells could be attenuated by DHC via activating Nrf2/ARE signal and whether DHC could down-regulate 6-OHDA-induced excessive ROS generation Main methods To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of DHC against 6-OHDA-induc...
Source: Life Sciences - March 27, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Activation of AMPK by metformin inhibits TGF-β-induced collagen production in mouse renal fibroblasts
This study suggests that activation of AMPK might be a novel strategy for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) partially by inhibition of renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF).
Source: Life Sciences - March 4, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Fish oil constituent eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits endothelin-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via PPAR-α
In conclusion, the present study shows that EPA attenuates ET-1 induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by up regulating levels of PPAR-α pathway. Graphical abstract
Source: Life Sciences - November 9, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Endothelin-1 regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and -2α stability through prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 inhibition in human lymphatic endothelial cells
Publication date: Available online 6 March 2014 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Valentina Caprara , Silvia Scappa , Emirena Garrafa , Valeriana Di Castro , Laura Rosanò , Anna Bagnato , Francesca Spinella Aims Lymphangiogenesis, the formation of new lymphatic vessels, is thought to constitute a route for the tumor cells to metastasize. We previously demonstrated that endothelin-1 (ET-1) induces the expression of lymphangiogenic factors through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α. The stability of these transcriptional factors is essential for lymph/angiogenesis and tumor progression. Here we analyze the molec...
Source: Life Sciences - November 9, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Competitive regulation of human intestinal β-carotene 15,15′-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) gene expression by hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α and HNF-4α
Publication date: Available online 30 October 2014 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Noriaki Yamaguchi , Akiko Sunto , Toshinao Goda , Kazuhito Suruga Aim Among the pro-vitamin A carotenoids, β-carotene is an excellent source of vitamin A. β-Carotene 15,15′-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) is a critical enzyme involved in the conversion of β-carotene into vitamin A (retinal) in the small intestine of many vertebrates. In the present study, we investigated the regulation of human BCMO1 gene expression using human intestinal Caco-2 BBe cells. Main methods We performed electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunopr...
Source: Life Sciences - November 5, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Docosahexaenoic Acid Induces M2 Macrophage Polarization through Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Activation
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2014 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Hae Yeun Chang , Ha-Na Lee , Wonki Kim , Young-Joon Surh Aims Impaired resolution of acute inflammation results in development of chronic inflammatory disorders such as atherosclerosis, asthma and arthritis. Clearance of apoptotic neutrophils by M2 macrophages, the process termed efferocytosis, is critical for complete resolution of inflammation as it prevents secondary necrosis caused by disgorgement of toxic contents from apoptotic cells in the inflamed site. In the present study, we investigated the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ...
Source: Life Sciences - November 4, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Competitive regulation of human intestinal β-Carotene 15,15’-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) gene expression by hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α and HNF-4α
Publication date: Available online 30 October 2014 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Noriaki Yamaguchi , Akiko Sunto , Toshinao Goda , Kazuhito Suruga Aim Among the pro-vitamin A carotenoids, β-carotene is an excellent source of vitamin A. β-Carotene 15,15’-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) is a critical enzyme involved in the conversion of β-carotene into vitamin A (retinal) in the small intestine of many vertebrates. In the present study, we investigated the regulation of human BCMO1 gene expression using human intestinal Caco-2 BBe cells. Main methods We performed electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunopr...
Source: Life Sciences - November 4, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Adipose tissue regulates hepatic cholesterol metabolism via adiponectin
In this study, we examined the direct effects of adipocytes on hepatic cholesterol metabolic factors and investigated the role of potential adipocytokines in it. Main methods Male SD rats were induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and hepatic cholesterol metabolic factors, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) were measured by immunoblotting. Then the effects of adipocytes on the expressions of hepatic cholesterol metabolism proteins were examined in the co-culture system. Finally, the concentrations of several adipocytokines were detected by ELISA and the effect of ad...
Source: Life Sciences - November 4, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

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