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Viruses, Vol. 14, Pages 1628: Inhibition of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Using Small Interfering RNAs
In this study, novel vsiRNAs that targeted conserved regions in the nonstructural and structural genes of the VEEV genome were designed and evaluated for antiviral activity in mammalian cells in the context of VEEV infection. The data demonstrate that vsiRNAs were able to effectively decrease the infectious virus titer at earlier time points post infection in the context of the attenuated TC-83 strain and the virulent Trinidad Donkey strain, while the inhibition was overcome at later time points. Depletion of Argonaute 2 protein (Ago2), the catalytic component of the RISC complex, negated the inhibitory effect of the vsiRN...
Source: Viruses - July 26, 2022 Category: Virology Authors: Amrita Haikerwal Michael D. Barrera Nishank Bhalla Weidong Zhou Niloufar Boghdeh Carol Anderson Farhang Alem Aarthi Narayanan Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 13, Pages 1533: Inhibitors of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Identified Based on Host Interaction Partners of Viral Non-Structural Protein 3
In this study, we utilized an overexpression construct encoding HA-tagged nsP3 to identify host proteins that interact with VEEV nsP3 by mass spectrometry. Bioinformatic analyses of the putative interactors identified 42 small molecules with the potential to inhibit the host interaction targets, and thus potentially inhibit VEEV. Three inhibitors, tomatidine, citalopram HBr, and Z-VEID-FMK, reduced replication of both the TC-83 strain and the Trinidad donkey (TrD) strain of VEEV by at least 10-fold in astrocytoma, astroglial, and microglial cells. Further, these inhibitors reduced replication of the related New World (NW) ...
Source: Viruses - August 3, 2021 Category: Virology Authors: Allison Bakovic Nishank Bhalla Farhang Alem Catherine Campbell Weidong Zhou Aarthi Narayanan Tags: Article Source Type: research

Microparticle alpha‐2‐macroglobulin enhances pro‐resolving responses and promotes survival in sepsis
Abstract Incorporation of locally produced signaling molecules into cell‐derived vesicles may serve as an endogenous mediator delivery system. We recently reported that levels alpha‐2‐macroglobulin (A2MG)‐containing microparticles are elevated in plasma from patients with sepsis. Herein, we investigated the immunomodulatory actions of A2MG containing microparticles during sepsis. Administration of A2MG‐enriched (A2MG‐E)‐microparticles to mice with microbial sepsis protected against hypothermia, reduced bacterial titers, elevated immunoresolvent lipid mediator levels in inflammatory exudates and reduced system...
Source: EMBO Molecular Medicine - December 16, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jesmond Dalli, Lucy V Norling, Trinidad Montero‐Melendez, Donata Federici Canova, Hazem Lashin, Anton M Pavlov, Gleb B Sukhorukov, Charles J Hinds, Mauro Perretti Tags: Research Article Source Type: research