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Source: Molecular Neurobiology
Condition: Disability
Education: Study
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Total 18 results found since Jan 2013.
Age-Associated Resilience Against Ischemic Injury in Mice Exposed to Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
AbstractIschemic stroke is the leading cause of death and disability. Although stroke mainly affects aged individuals, animal research is mostly one on young rodents. Here, we examined the development of ischemic injury in young (9 –12-week-old) and adult (72-week-old) C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice exposed to 30 min of intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Post-ischemic reperfusion did not differ between young and adult mice. Ischemic injury assessed by infarct area and blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity assessed by IgG extravasation analysis was smaller in adult compared with young mice. Microvascular viabili...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - August 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Inhibition of Vesicular Glutamate Transporters (VGLUTs) with Chicago Sky Blue 6B Before Focal Cerebral Ischemia Offers Neuroprotection
In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of focal cerebral ischemia on the spatiotemporal expression of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in rats. Next, we investigated the influence of VGLUT inhibition with Chicago Sky Blue 6B (CSB6B) on Glu release and stroke outcome. The effect of CSB6B pretreatment on infarct volume and neurological deficit was compared with a reference model of ischemic preconditioning. The results of this study indicate that ischemia upregulated the expression of VGLUT1 in the cerebral cortex and in the dorsal striatum 3 days after ischemia onset. The expression of VGLUT2 was elevated in the dorsal striatum...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - April 22, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Astrocyte-Derived TNF- α-Activated Platelets Promote Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating the RIP1/RIP3/AKT Signaling Pathway
In this study, we created an I/R mouse model via middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) and analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of the ipsilateral and contralateral cortices using RNA-seq. We found that cerebral I/R injury induced platelet invasion and accumulation in the cerebral cortex by stimulating TNF- α secretion from activated astrocytes in the ischemic region, while TNF-α expression enhanced platelet reactivity through the RIP1/RIP3/AKT pathway. Furthermore, the inoculation of TNF-α-stimulated platelets aggravated I/R injury in mice, whereas the administration of anti-TNF-α antibodies at th ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - August 25, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
miR-383-5p Regulated by the Transcription Factor CTCF Affects Neuronal Impairment in Cerebral Ischemia by Mediating Deacetylase HDAC9 Activity
AbstractStroke, the leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, is caused by the blockage or hemorage of cerebral arteries. The resultant cerebral ischemia causes local neuronal death and brain injury. Histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) has been reported to be elevated in ischemic brain injury, but its mechanism in stroke is still enigmatic. The present study aimed to unveil the manner of regulation of HDAC9 expression and the effect of HDAC9 activation on neuronal function in cerebral ischemia. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) targeting HDAC9 were predicted utilizing bioinformatics analysis. We then constructed the oxygen glucose depri...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - August 4, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Astrocyte-Derived TNF- α-Activated Platelets Promote Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating the RIP1/RIP3/AKT Signaling Pathway
In this study, we created an I/R mouse model via middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) and analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of the ipsilateral and contralateral cortices using RNA-seq. We found that cerebral I/R injury induced platelet invasion and accumulation in the cerebral cortex by stimulating TNF- α secretion from activated astrocytes in the ischemic region, while TNF-α expression enhanced platelet reactivity through the RIP1/RIP3/AKT pathway. Furthermore, the inoculation of TNF-α-stimulated platelets aggravated I/R injury in mice, whereas the administration of anti-TNF-α antibodies at th ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - July 4, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Beta-Boswellic Acid Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via the Protein Kinase C Epsilon/Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-like 2/Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway
This study demonstrates that β-BA exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral I/R via the activation of the PRKCE/NFE2L2/HMOX1 pathway and is a potentia l therapeutic candidate for ischemic stroke.Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 3, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Mitochondrial Quality and Quantity Control: Mitophagy Is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Ischemic Stroke
AbstractIschemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease with high mortality and disability, which seriously affects the health and lives of people around the world. Effective treatment for ischemic stroke has been limited by its complex pathological mechanisms. Increasing evidence has indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction plays an essential role in the occurrence, development, and pathological processes of ischemic stroke. Therefore, strict control of the quality and quantity of mitochondria via mitochondrial fission and fusion as well as mitophagy is beneficial to the survival and normal function maintenance of neurons. U...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 9, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Remote but not Distant: a Review on Experimental Models and Clinical Trials in Remote Ischemic Conditioning as Potential Therapy in Ischemic Stroke
AbstractStroke is one of the main causes of neurological disability worldwide and the second cause of death in people over 65 years old, resulting in great economic and social burden. Ischemic stroke accounts for 85% of total cases, and the approved therapies are based on re-establishment of blood flow, and do not directly target brain parenchyma. Thus, novel therapies are urgently needed. In this review, limb remote isc hemic conditioning (RIC) is revised and discussed as a potential therapy against ischemic stroke. The review targets both (i) fundamental research based on experimental models and (ii) clinical research ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - October 22, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Application of Metabolomics to the Discovery of Biomarkers for Ischemic Stroke in the Murine Model: a Comparison with the Clinical Results
AbstractIschemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of IS remains unknown, and methods for early prediction and diagnosis of IS are lacking. Metabolomics can be applied to biomarker discovery and mechanism exploration of IS by exploring metabolic alterations. In this review, 62 IS metabolomics studies in the murine model published from January 2006 to December 2020 in the PubMed and Web of Science databases were systematically reviewed. Twenty metabolites (e.g., lysine, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan, leucine, lactate, serine, N-acetyl-aspartic acid, and glu...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - September 17, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Generation and Role of Calpain-Cleaved 17-kDa Tau Fragment in Acute Ischemic Stroke
In this study, we observed the accumulation of 17-kDa tau fragment in cultured primary neurons and media after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) treatment that could be diminished by the presence of a calpain inhibitor. This calpa in-mediated proteolytic tau fragment was also detected in brain tissues from middle cerebral artery occlusion–injured rats and acute ischemic stroke patients receiving strokectomy, and human plasma samples collected within 48 h after the onset of stroke. The mass spectrometry analysis of this 17-k Da fragment identified 2 peptide sequences containing 195–224 amino acids of tau, w...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - August 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Integrative Multi-omics Analysis to Characterize Human Brain Ischemia
AbstractStroke is a major cause of death and disability. A better comprehension of stroke pathophysiology is fundamental to reduce its dramatic outcome. The use of high-throughput unbiasedomics approaches and the integration of these data might deepen the knowledge of stroke at the molecular level, depicting the interaction between different molecular units. We aimed to identify protein and gene expression changes in the human brain after ischemia through an integrative approach to join the information of bothomics analyses. The translational potential of our results was explored in a pilot study with blood samples from is...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Proteomics-Guided Study on Buyang Huanwu Decoction for Its Neuroprotective and Neurogenic Mechanisms for Transient Ischemic Stroke: Involvements of EGFR/PI3K/Akt/Bad/14-3-3 and Jak2/Stat3/Cyclin D1 Signaling Cascades
AbstractBuyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been used for recovering neurological dysfunctions and treating post-stroke disability in China for 200 years. In the present study, we investigated the effects of BHD on inhibiting neuronal apoptosis, promoting proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and neurite formation and enhancing learning and memory functional recovery in an experimental rat ischemic stroke model. BHD si gnificantly reduced infarct volume and decreased cell apoptosis in the ischemic brain. BHD enhanced neuronal cell viability in v...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - September 2, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Monogenic, Polygenic, and MicroRNA Markers for Ischemic Stroke
AbstractIschemic stroke (IS) is a leading disease with high mortality and disability, as well as with limited therapeutic window. Biomarkers for earlier diagnosis of IS have long been pursued. Family and twin studies confirm that genetic variations play an important role in IS pathogenesis. Besides DNA mutations found previously by genetic linkage analysis for monogenic IS (Mendelian inheritance), recent studies using genome-wide associated study (GWAS) and microRNA expression profiling have resulted in a large number of DNA and microRNA biomarkers in polygenic IS (sporadic IS), especially in different IS subtypes and imag...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - June 8, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
