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Trends in Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Cancer in the United States (1999 to 2020)
Cancer has been identified as an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). Although the development of novel therapeutic agents has led to significant improvement in cancer-related outcomes, there is also a rising concern regarding the long-term impact of treatment-emergent cardiac adverse events such as AF.1 AF portends a poor prognosis in patients with cancer and is also associated with a twofold increase in the risk of stroke as compared with patients with AF without cancer.2 However, population-level data on the impact of AF on overall cardiovascular mortality in patients with cancer remain limited.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - August 19, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Aakash R. Sheth, Udhayvir S. Grewal, Sahith R. Thotamgari, Harsh P. Patel, Paari Dominic Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Approach for Discovering Social Determinants of Health and Risk Interactions for Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Stroke remains the primary source of morbidity and mortality associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), despite major advances in prevention. Although effective stroke-prevention strategies are available, optimal implementation of these treatments is limited by (1) rudimentary stroke risk stratification tools (i.e., CHADS2-VA2Sc), and (2) disparities in care and outcomes of AF. Over 150,000 yearly strokes in the United States occur in patients with AF.1 Many of these occur in patients with AF who are misclassified as low-risk or fail to receive appropriate therapies because of healthcare disparities.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - June 28, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Raquel M. Zimmerman, Edgar J. Hernandez, W. Scott Watkins, Nathan Blue, Martin Tristani-Firouzi, Mark Yandell, Benjamin A. Steinberg Source Type: research

Comparison of Dabigatran Versus Warfarin Treatment for the Prevention of New Cerebral Lesions in Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common arrhythmias in the United States and is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events.1 The American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/Heart Rhythm Society guidelines recommend oral anticoagulation with either warfarin or oral non-vitamin K antagonists for patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation with a high risk for ischemic stroke based on the CHA2DS2-VASc score.2 The recently published article “Comparison of Dabigatran Versus Warfarin Treatment for Prevention of New Cerebral Lesions in Valvular Atrial Fibrillation” discussed the efficacy of...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - October 7, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Marwa S.H. Abrahim, Olufemi Sofola-James, Zeina Bani Hani Source Type: research

Meta-Analysis Addressing the Effect of Mineralcorticoid Receptor Antagonists on the Risk for New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF) constitutes the most common, major cardiac arrhythmia worldwide, with an estimated prevalence in the United States equal to 2.3 million affected subjects, projected to increase to 5.6 million by 2050.1 Hypertension and background heart disease (mainly, congestive heart failure) or valve disease represent main risk factors for AF development.1 Other modifiable risk factors are sedentary lifestyle, smoking, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and obstructive sleep apnea.2 AF is associated with a significant increase in the risk for all-cause and cardiovascular death, ischemic stroke, heart failure (HF), isch...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - August 13, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dimitrios Patoulias, Christodoulos Papadopoulos, Maria Toumpourleka, Michael Doumas Source Type: research

Meta-Analysis of Racial Disparity in Utilization of Oral Anticoagulation for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in the United States (US), and is associated with a substantial increase in the risk of ischemic stroke. Although prevalence of AF is lower in black individuals, they face a higher risk of stroke compared with patients of white race.1 Oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy is the stroke prevention strategy in high-risk patients with AF. Despite the higher burden of ischemic stroke in Black AF patients, some studies suggest lower utilization of OAC among them.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - June 17, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Izza Shahid, Muhammad Shariq Usman, Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, Faiza Zakaria, Mohamad Alkhouli Source Type: research

Trends in the Utilization of Left Atrial Appendage Exclusion in the United States
Stroke prevention remains a cornerstone in the management of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF)1. Oral anticoagulation (OAC) is the main method of stroke prevention in NVAF worldwide. However,>50% of high-risk NVAF patients are not maintained on OAC due to comorbidities, frailty, bleeding complications, or non-compliance2. In 1996, Blackshear proposed Left atrial appendage exclusion (LAAE) as an alternative stroke prevention strategy in NVAF3. Because no randomized data were available to support the routine use of LAAE, its utilization remained initially limited to selected patients undergoing a concomitant cardiac surgery.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - April 6, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Safi U. Khan, Muhammad Zia Khan, Mohamad Alkhouli Source Type: research

Reader's Comments: Trends in the Utilization of Left Atrial Appendage Exclusion in the United States
Stroke prevention remains a cornerstone in the management of patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).1 Oral anticoagulation is the main method of stroke prevention in NVAF worldwide. However,>50% of high-risk NVAF patients are not maintained on oral anticoagulation due to comorbidities, frailty, bleeding complications, or noncompliance.2 In 1996, Blackshear proposed left atrial appendage exclusion (LAAE) as an alternative stroke prevention strategy in NVAF.3 Because no randomized data were available to support the routine use of LAAE, its utilization remained initially limited to selected patients undergoing a...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - April 6, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Safi U. Khan, Muhammad Zia Khan, Mohamad Alkhouli Source Type: research

Sex Differences in the Trends of Hospitalizations for Acute Stroke among Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in the United States; 2005 - 2014
Female sex was included in stroke prediction algorithms in an attempt to improve anticoagulation rates in women with atrial fibrillation (AF). It is unclear if these efforts reduced stroke burden in women with AF. In order to bridge this literature gap, using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), we assessed sex differences in the trends of hospitalizations for stroke among patients with AF in the United States; 2005 – 2014. International classification of diseases, 9th revision, clinical modification (ICD-9-CM) codes were used to abstract AF and stroke diagnoses.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - July 31, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ghanshyam Palamaner Subash Shantha, Amgad Mentias, Viraj Bhise, Anita Kumar, Tyler Rasmussen, Casey Adams, Kongkiat Chaikriangkrai, Ala Mohsen, Musab Alqasrawi, Gardar Sigurdsson, Abhishek Deshmukh, Prashant D. Bhave, Michael Giudici Source Type: research

Gender Differences in the Trends of Hospitalizations for Acute Stroke Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in the United States: 2005 to 2014
Female gender was included in stroke prediction algorithms in an attempt to improve anticoagulation rates in women with atrial fibrillation (AF). It is unclear if these efforts reduced stroke burden in women with AF. To bridge this literature gap, using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, we assessed gender differences in the trends of hospitalizations for stroke among patients with AF in the United States in 2005 to 2014. International classification of diseases, 9th revision, clinical modification codes were used to abstract AF and stroke diagnoses.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - July 31, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ghanshyam Palamaner Subash Shantha, Amgad Mentias, Viraj Bhise, Anita Kumar, Tyler Rasmussen, Casey Adams, Kongkiat Chaikriangkrai, Ala Mohsen, Musab Alqasrawi, Gardar Sigurdsson, Abhishek Deshmukh, Prashant D. Bhave, Michael Giudici Source Type: research

Comparison of Risk of Atrial Fibrillation among Employed Versus Unemployed (From the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study)
Involuntary unemployment due to job loss has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events. Whether it also is associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is currently unknown. Therefore, we examined this association in 8,812 participants residing mainly in the Southeastern United States (mean age 58.1 ± 7.8 years; 63.2%; women; 43.2% black) with data on employment status who were enrolled in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study between 2003 and 2007 after excluding those with voluntary unemployment (e.g.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - July 21, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Elsayed Z. Soliman, Zhu-Ming Zhang, Suzanne Judd, Virginia J. Howard, George Howard Source Type: research