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Comparison of primary and secondary stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Results from the RAFFINE registry
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a predictor of severe stroke and early death in acute ischemic stroke patients.1 The prevalence of AF has increased as the Japanese population has aged.2 AF has been more common among patients with ischemic stroke than previously reported.3 In particular, AF patients with a history of stroke or TIA have had higher risks for stroke, hemorrhagic events, and death compared to those without.4,5 In these previous studies, most patients received warfarin for anticoagulation therapy.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Kazuo Yamashiro, Ryota Tanaka, Sakiko Miyazaki, Katsumi Miyauchi, Hidemori Hayashi, Yuji Nishizaki, Shuko Nojiri, Satoru Suwa, Masataka Sumiyosi, Yuji Nakazato, Takao Urabe, Nobutaka Hattori, Tohru Minamino, Hiroyuki Daida Source Type: research

Association Between Oral Anticoagulants and Stroke Severity at Onset in Elderly Patients with Cardioembolic Stroke Due to Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
The prevention of cardioembolic stroke is an important public health priority in Japan due to its high prevalence in elderly individuals. Compared to their younger counterparts, elderly patients with cardioembolic stroke are more likely to have multiple comorbidities, a higher risk of serious complications, such as pneumonia and heart failure, and cognitive impairments (e.g., dementia or delirium), which may adversely affect their ability to participate in active rehabilitation. These factors negatively affect clinical outcomes, and many elderly stroke survivors require long-term care despite the early implementation of intensive therapy.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 25, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Ichiro Deguchi, Takashi Osada, Shinichi Takahashi Source Type: research

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Percutaneous Patent Foramen Ovale Closure Preventing Secondary Ischemic Stroke in Japan
Cryptogenic ischemic stroke is a type of ischemic stroke for which the mechanism of onset and etiology cannot be explained or specified by any known mechanisms/factors. The possible involvement of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in the etiology of cryptogenic ischemic stroke has been reported.1 It was previously reported that occult atrial fibrillation and PFO were embolic sources that caused cryptogenic ischemic stroke.2 PFO is an opening formed during the course of fetal atrial septum development. Usually, it closes spontaneously after birth; however, PFO remains patent after maturation to adulthood.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - June 18, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Sachie Inoue, Ataru Igarashi, Yasuyuki Iguchi, Teiji Akagi Source Type: research

Secondary stroke prevention with apixaban in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: A subgroup analysis of the STANDARD study
Data on independent risk factors for stroke recurrence in Japanese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation are limited.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Masahiro Yasaka, Michiaki Umeyama, Hirohide Kataoka, Hiroshi Inoue Source Type: research

Dabigatran for Japanese Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Prior Stroke: A Subgroup Analysis of the J-Dabigatran Surveillance Program
Background: The study objective was to evaluate long-term safety and effectiveness of dabigatran 110 mg and 150 mg twice daily (bid) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) with a focus on secondary stroke prevention. Methods: In J-Dabigatran Surveillance, 6772 patients newly initiated on dabigatran to prevent ischemic stroke and systemic embolism were enrolled in Japan (1042 sites, December 2011 to November 2013). This subgroup analysis included patients with (1302) and without (5071) previous stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 25, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Masahiro Yasaka, Shinichiro Uchiyama, Hirotsugu Atarashi, Ken Okumura, Yukihiro Koretsune, Takeshi Yamashita, Atsushi Taniguchi, Taku Fukaya, Hiroshi Inoue, for the J-Dabigatran Surveillance Investigators Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Clinical Risk Factors of Thromboembolic and Major Bleeding Events for Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Treated with Rivaroxaban in Japan
Background: It is important to understand the risk of thromboembolism and bleeding in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) receiving direct oral anticoagulants; however, data on risk factors in Japanese patients are limited. Methods: XAPASS (Xarelto Post-Authorization Safety and Effectiveness Study in Japanese Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) is a prospective observational study examining the safety and effectiveness of rivaroxaban in Japanese real-world clinical practice. We investigated risk factors for stroke/noncentral nervous system systemic embolism (non-CNS SE)/myocardial infarction (MI) and major ...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 22, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Susumu Miyamoto, Takanori Ikeda, Satoshi Ogawa, Takanari Kitazono, Jyoji Nakagawara, Kazuo Minematsu, Yuji Murakawa, Sanghun Iwashiro, Makiko Takeichi, Yoko Kidani, Yutaka Okayama, Toshiyuki Sunaya, Shoichiro Sato, Satoshi Yamanaka Source Type: research

High Detection Rate of Atrial Fibrillation With Insertable Cardiac Monitor Implantation in Patients With Cryptogenic Stroke Diagnosed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Background: Detection and treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major goal in preventing secondary stroke. Insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are available for diagnosis of arrhythmia monitoring in patients with cryptogenic stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based diagnostic evaluation for acute ischemic stroke subtype classification is common in Japan and can be useful for specific diagnosis of cryptogenic stroke. Purpose: We aimed to investigate the detection rate of AF with an ICM in patients with cryptogenic stroke who were diagnosed by MRI.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - June 20, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Tomonori Iwata, Kenichi Todo, Hiroshi Yamagami, Masafumi Morimoto, Tetsuya Hashimoto, Ryosuke Doijiri, Hiroyuki Furuya Source Type: research

Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke after the Treatment with Edaravone and 0.6 Mg/Kg Alteplase in Japanese Patients with Diabetes
We investigated how diabetes mellitus (DM) affects the outcome of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), comparing with the outcomes in those who had hypertension (HT) and atrial fibrillation (AF).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 18, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Norio Tanahashi, Takenori Yamaguchi, Hideto Awano, Hiroaki Matsuda Source Type: research