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Source: Frontiers in Immunology
Condition: Thrombosis
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Total 21 results found since Jan 2013.
Platelet in thrombo-inflammation: Unraveling new therapeutic targets
In the broad range of human diseases, thrombo-inflammation appears as a clinical manifestation. Clinically, it is well characterized in context of superficial thrombophlebitis that is recognized as thrombosis and inflammation of superficial veins. However, it is more hazardous when developed in the microvasculature of injured/inflamed/infected tissues and organs. Several diseases like sepsis and ischemia-reperfusion can cause formation of microvascular thrombosis subsequently leading to thrombo-inflammation. Thrombo-inflammation can also occur in cases of antiphospholipid syndrome, preeclampsia, sickle cell disease, bacter...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - November 14, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
ROS-triggered endothelial cell death mechanisms: Focus on pyroptosis, parthanatos, and ferroptosis
The endothelium is a single layer of epithelium covering the surface of the vascular system, and it represents a physical barrier between the blood and vessel wall that plays an important role in maintaining intravascular homeostasis. However, endothelial dysfunction or endothelial cell death can cause vascular barrier disruption, vasoconstriction and diastolic dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, inflammatory responses, and thrombosis, which are closely associated with the progression of several diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, ischem...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - November 1, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Systemic immune responses after ischemic stroke: From the center to the periphery
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death. It imposes a heavy economic burden on individuals, families and society. The mortality rate of ischemic stroke has decreased with the help of thrombolytic drug therapy and intravascular intervention. However, the nerve damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion is long-lasting and followed by multiple organ dysfunction. In this process, the immune responses manifested by systemic inflammatory responses play an important role. It begins with neuroinflammation following ischemic stroke. The large number of inflammatory cells released after activation of immune cells in t...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - September 20, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Cardiovascular Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
ConclusionOur MR study explored the causal role of SLE in the etiology of CVD, which would help improve our understanding of the basic disease mechanisms of SLE and provide comprehensive CVD assessment and treatment for SLE patients.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 6, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Peripheral Organ Injury After Stroke
This article reviews the pathophysiological mechanism, clinical manifestations and treatment of peripheral organ injury after stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 1, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Insights Into Immunothrombotic Mechanisms in Acute Stroke due to Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia
In conclusion, insufficient resolution of NETs, e.g. by endogenous DNases or protection of NETs against degradation by embedded factors like the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 might thus be an important factor in the pathology of VITT besides increased NET-formation. On the basis of these findings, we discuss the potential implications of the mechanisms of disturbed NETs-degradation for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in VITT-related thrombogenesis, other auto-immune disorders and beyond.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 10, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Malignant Isolated Cortical Vein Thrombosis as the Initial Manifestation of Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Lessons on Diagnosis and Management From a Case Report
ConclusionICoVT is a rare yet potentially fatal manifestation of APS, and its diagnosis and treatment are extremely challenging. Timely diagnosis, prompt treatment, and close monitoring are essential to improve the clinical prognosis of patients with APS-related ICoVT.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 25, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Leukocytes in Cerebral Thrombus Respond to Large-Vessel Occlusion in a Time-Dependent Manner and the Association of NETs With Collateral Flow
In conclusion, the present results reveal the relationship between time-related endovascular immune response and clinical symptoms post-stroke from the perspective of thrombus and peripheral blood. The time-related pathological changes of cerebral thrombus may not be the direct cause for the difficulty in thrombolysis and thrombectomy. A low NET content in thrombi indicates excellent collateral flow, which suggests that treatments targeting NETs in thrombi might be beneficial for early neurological protection.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 17, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Targeting Protects Against Ischemic Damage After Fibrin-Rich Thrombotic Stroke Despite Non-Reperfusion
Stroke is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide caused primarily by a thrombotic vascular occlusion that leads to cell death. To date, t-PA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) is the only thrombolytic therapy approved which targets fibrin as the main component of ischemic stroke thrombi. However, due to its highly restrictive criteria, t-PA is only administrated to less than 10% of all stroke patients. Furthermore, the research in neuroprotective agents has been extensive with no translational results from medical research to clinical practice up to now. Since we first described the key role of NETs (Neutrophil Ext...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 16, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Short Chain Fatty Acids Taken at Time of Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Are Independent of Stroke Severity But Associated With Inflammatory Markers and Worse Symptoms at Discharge
ConclusionsPlasma SCFA concentrations taken at time of stroke are not associated with stroke severity at presentation. However, higher levels of SCFAs at the time of stroke are associated with increased markers of inflammation, less recovery from admission to discharge, and worse symptom burden at discharge.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - January 19, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Neuroinflammatory Triangle Presenting Novel Pharmacological Targets for Ischemic Brain Injury
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Hundreds of clinical trials have proven ineffective in bringing forth a definitive and effective treatment for ischemic stroke, except a myopic class of thrombolytic drugs. That, too, has little to do with treating long-term post-stroke disabilities. These studies proposed diverse options to treat stroke, ranging from neurotropic interpolation to venting antioxidant activity, from blocking specific receptors to obstructing functional capacity of ion channels, and more recently the utilization of neuroprotective substances. However, state of t...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - October 7, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Insights Into Immunothrombosis: The Interplay Among Neutrophil Extracellular Trap, von Willebrand Factor, and ADAMTS13
Both neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) are essential for thrombosis and inflammation. During these processes, a complex series of events, including endothelial activation, NET formation, VWF secretion, and blood cell adhesion, aggregation and activation, occurs in an ordered manner in the vasculature. The adhesive activity of VWF multimers is regulated by a specific metalloprotease ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motifs, member 13). Increasing evidence indicates that the interaction between NETs and VWF contributes to arterial and venous thrombos...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - December 2, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Dendritic Cells and T Cells, Partners in Atherogenesis and the Translating Road Ahead
Atherosclerosis is a chronic process associated with arterial inflammation, the accumulation of lipids, plaque formation in vessel walls, and thrombosis with late mortal complications such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Immune and inflammatory responses have significant effects on every phase of atherosclerosis. Increasing evidence has shown that both innate and adaptive “arms” of the immune system play important roles in regulating the progression of atherosclerosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that a unique type of innate immune cell, termed dendritic cells (DCs), play an important role as central i...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 28, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
TMEM16F Aggravates Neuronal Loss by Mediating Microglial Phagocytosis of Neurons in a Rat Experimental Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Model
In this study, a middle-cerebral-artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was used in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo, and cultured neurons were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to simulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in vitro. We found that the protein level of TMEM16F was significantly increased at 12 h after I-R injury both in vivo and in vitro, and reversible phosphatidylserine exposure was confirmed in neurons undergoing I/R injury in vitro. Additionally, we constructed a LV-TMEM16F-RNAi transfection system to suppress the expression of TMEM16F during and after cereb...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 6, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
von Willebrand Factor and Platelet Glycoprotein Ib: A Thromboinflammatory Axis in Stroke
von Willebrand factor (VWF) and platelets are key mediators of normal hemostasis. At sites of vascular injury, VWF recruits platelets via binding to the platelet receptor glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα). Over the past decades, it has become clear that many hemostatic factors, including VWF and platelets, are also involved in inflammatory processes, forming intriguing links between hemostasis, thrombosis, and inflammation. The so-called “thrombo-inflammatory” nature of the VWF-platelet axis becomes increasingly recognized in different cardiovascular pathologies, making it a potential therapeutic target to interfere with both...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - December 16, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
