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Assessment of left atrial appendage function by transthoracic pulsed Doppler echocardiography: Comparing against transesophageal interrogation and predicting echocardiographic risk factors for stroke
ConclusionsTTE assessment of LAA function is feasible and correlates well with the more invasive TEE method. It predicts the presence of thrombus, SEC, and LAA dysfunction on TEE. TTE LAA assessment has incremental value in thromboembolic risk stratification and should be utilized more frequently.
Source: Echocardiography - August 28, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shin Hnin Wai, Kyu Kyu, Mary Joyce Galupo, Geronica G. Songco, William K. F. Kong, Chi Hang Lee, Tiong Cheng Yeo, Kian Keong Poh Tags: ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION Source Type: research

Incremental value of contrast echocardiography in the evaluation of a cardiac thrombus
A 52‐year‐old man presented with altered mental status and report of prior complaint of chest pain. On electrocardiography, anterolateral ST‐segment elevations with Q‐waves in the septal leads were seen. Initial echocardiography images demonstrated a thickened anteroseptum. Further imaging showed the presence of a well‐attached laminated apical thrombus. Contrast echocardiography images showed that the thrombus had minimal attachment to the endocardial surface. CT head subsequently showed the presence of acute stroke. The case demonstrates the additional value of contrast echocardiography in the evaluation of car...
Source: Echocardiography - November 30, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jose Ricardo F. Po, Matthew S. Tong, Erica L. Grove, Robert W. W. Biederman Tags: CHALLENGING CASES Source Type: research

Correlation of Left Atrial Appendage Ejection Velocities with the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2‐VASc Scores
ConclusionsWe could not identify a relationship between either the CHADS2 or CHA2DS2‐VASc scores and LAA velocities. This was true regardless of whether patients were in sinus rhythm or AF at the time of the TEE. While reduced LAA velocities increase the risk of LAA thrombus, the development of stroke in patients with AF is secondary to a complex interplay of multiple clinical variables.
Source: Echocardiography - April 4, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Craig B. Clark, Nelson A. Telles Garcia, Catherine Hackett Renner, Sarah M. Ryan Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Correlation of Left Atrial Appendage Ejection Velocities with the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2 ‐VASc Scores
ConclusionsWe could not identify a relationship between either the CHADS2 or CHA2DS2‐VASc scores and LAA velocities. This was true regardless of whether patients were in sinus rhythm or AF at the time of the TEE. While reduced LAA velocities increase the risk of LAA thrombus, the development of stroke in patients with AF is secondary to a complex interplay of multiple clinical variables.
Source: Echocardiography - April 4, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Craig B. Clark, Nelson A. Telles Garcia, Catherine Hackett Renner, Sarah M. Ryan Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Resolution (and Late Recurrence) of WATCHMAN Device–Related Thrombus Following Treatment with Dabigatran
The WATCHMAN left atrial (LA) appendage closure system is an alternative therapy for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation who are intolerant to chronic oral anticoagulation with warfarin. Infrequently, LA device–related thrombus (DRT) has been suspected. Optimal treatment of DRT is not known, and the efficacy of novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC) in this setting has not been previously described. A 69‐year‐old woman with permanent atrial fibrillation underwent WATCHMAN device placement. A transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) performed 45 days following implant revealed a well‐seated device. A 1‐ye...
Source: Echocardiography - January 17, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Abdul H. Qazi, Alan P. Wimmer, Kenneth C. Huber, George G. Latus, Michael L. Main Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Incremental Value of Live/Real Time Three‐Dimensional over Two‐Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Assessment of Atrial Septal Pouch
In conclusion, this retrospective study highlights the incremental value of 3DTEE over 2DTEE in the comprehensive assessment and characterization of ASPs, which can aid in the clarification of their role in cryptogenic stroke patients.
Source: Echocardiography - November 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mahmoud Elsayed, Ming C. Hsiung, L. David Meggo‐Quiroz, Mostafa Elguindy, Begum Uygur, Rohit Tandon, Tolga Guvenc, Nurgul Keser, Mustafa G. Vural, Serkan Bulur, Jugal R. Chahwala, Firoozeh Abtahi, Navin C. Nanda Tags: Research from or in Collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham Source Type: research

An Unusual Cause of Cardioembolic Stroke: Paradoxical Embolism Due to Thrombus Formation on the Eustachian Valve
We report a case of a patient with presumed paradoxical cardioembolic stroke secondary to thrombus formation on the eustachian valve remnant in the right atrium. The patient was anticoagulated with resolution of the mass upon follow‐up assessment. The diagnostic, investigative and management strategies are discussed for patients with suspected paradoxical embolism causing stroke. Physicians are reminded of the utility of echocardiography for identifying potential cardioembolic etiologies, including both transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography.
Source: Echocardiography - April 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mohamed ElRefai, Karthika Thananayagam, Rajaram Bathula, Benoy N. Shah Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

A Thrombotic Right Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm Causing Acute Myocardial Infarction and Ischemic Stroke
Mini‐Abstract Aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva (ASV) is an uncommon condition which may be congential or acquired. Here, we describe a case of ASV thrombosis presented with both acute myocardial infarction and acute stroke.
Source: Echocardiography - September 24, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nihat Polat, Abdulkadir Yildiz, Murat Yuksel, Halit Acet, Sait Alan Tags: Image Section Source Type: research

Effects of Batroxobin with Continuous Transcranial Doppler Monitoring in Patients with Acute Cerebral Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Our objective was to determine whether continuous transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring could safely enhance the efficacy of batroxobin, a thrombin‐like enzyme extracted from Bothrops atrox moojeni venom, in the treatment for acute cerebral stroke beyond the thrombolytic time window. Ninety patients suffering an acute cerebral stroke were recruited into the study within 12 hours after the onset of symptoms. Patients were randomized to receive batroxobin with (target group) or without 1 hour of continuous TCD monitoring (control group). Clinical evaluation of stroke was based on the National Institutes of Health Stroke ...
Source: Echocardiography - March 1, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: He Yitao, Ma Kefu, Tang Bingshan, Fu Xuejun, Zhan Ying, Cai Zhili, Jiang Xin, Yi Guo Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Case of Paradoxical Embolic Transient Ischemic Attack from an Unusual Extra Cardiac Shunt Detected on a Contrast‐Enhanced Echocardiogram
We describe a case of 63‐year‐old female who presented with a transient ischemic attack and at agitated saline contrast echocardiogram was found to have an unusual type of an extracardiac RLS. Further evaluation leads to diagnosis of superior vena cava (SVC) thrombosis from a prior indwelling central venous catheter. The SVC thrombosis induced systemic‐pulmonary venous collaterals were responsible for this unusual extracardiac RLS and paradoxical transient ischemic attack. We discuss the diagnosis and management of this rare clinical case.
Source: Echocardiography - November 1, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mujeeb Sheikh, Marie Emery, Allison Curtis, Stacie King, William R. Colyer Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Left Atrial Deformation Parameters Predict Left Atrial Appendage Function and Thrombus in Patients in Sinus Rhythm with Suspected Cardioembolic Stroke: A Speckle Tracking and Transesophageal Echocardiography Study
Source: Echocardiography - July 25, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ugur Kucuk, Hilal Olgun Kucuk, Sait Demirkol, Atilla İyisoy Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

The Incremental Value of RT Three‐Dimensional TEE in the Evaluation of Prosthetic Mitral Valve Ring Thrombosis Complicated with Thromboembolism
Conclusion: Nonobstructive ring‐located PVT which poses risk for thromboembolism, may be diagnosed with certainty and imaged with clarity utilizing RT‐3DTEE.
Source: Echocardiography - May 11, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ozan Mustafa Gürsoy, Süleyman Karakoyun, Macit Kalçık, Mehmet Özkan Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

B‐Type Natriuretic Peptide Predicts Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation
ConclusionThese data indicate that BNP is an independent predictor of LAAT in AF and may complement the role of the CHADS2 score in predicting stroke risk.
Source: Echocardiography - March 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Rami Doukky, Heather Gage, Vijaiganesh Nagarajan, Anna Demopoulos, Marek Cena, Enrique Garcia‐Sayan, George J. Karam, Rasa Kazlauskaite Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Left Atrial Deformation Parameters Predict Left Atrial Appendage Function and Thrombus in Patients in Sinus Rhythm with Suspected Cardioembolic Stroke: A Speckle Tracking and Transesophageal Echocardiography Study
The aim of this study was to evaluate left atrial deformations using speckle tracking echocardiography for predicting left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus in patients with suspected cardioembolic stroke who were in normal sinus rhythm. A total of 153 ischemic stroke patients (89 males, 64 females) in sinus rhythm who were suspected of having cardioembolism were included in the study. The patients underwent conventional two‐dimensional (2D) echocardiogram and 2D speckle tracking echocardiogram of the left atrium. Left atrial peak strain (LA‐4C‐RES) and left atrial precontraction strain (LA‐4C‐PUMP) were measured. ...
Source: Echocardiography - January 1, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Can Yücel Karabay, Regayip Zehir, Ahmet Güler, Vecih Oduncu, Arzu Kalayci, Soe Moe Aung, Ali Karagoz, Ibrahim Halil Tanboga, Ozkan Candan, Cetin Gecmen, Ayhan Erkol, Ali Metin Esen, Cevat Kirma Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research