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Mirror Therapy for Hemiparesis Following Stroke: A Review
Abstract Purpose of Review Ramachandran (Nature 377:489 –490, 1995 ) showed that in amputees, phantom limb pain described as a spasming or immobile phantom limb can be alleviated by watching their reflection of the intact limb in a parasagittally placed mirror while moving the intact limb and the phantom simultaneously. This suggested that therapy via mirror visual feedback —mirror therapy—might be considered for other diseases and conditions characterized by poor mobility. We were the first to show that mirror therapy might be beneficial for hemiparesis following stroke. There have now been numerous case reports a...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - July 24, 2016 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Non-invasive Brain Stimulation in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Abstract The non-invasive brain stimulation techniques of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have developed considerably over the last 25 years. Recent studies have used these techniques to enhance motor and cognitive function, modulate psychiatric symptoms, and reduce pain. Here, we briefly present TMS and tDCS techniques, discuss their safety, and provide examples of studies applying these interventions to enhance movement function following stroke. Though further studies are required, investigations so far provide important first steps in the use of non-i...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - September 5, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Uses of Electrical Stimulation for the Rehabilitation of People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of this review is to summarize the literature regarding use of electrical stimulation in the rehabilitation of people with multiple sclerosis (MS).Recent FindingsWhile significant work has been done to study the effect of electrical stimulation in stroke and spinal cord injury, few studies have looked at degenerative diseases including MS.SummaryTo date, limited high-quality evidence is available to demonstrate definitive benefits of electrical stimulation. This review considers the potential benefits of electrical stimulation for the management of foot drop, pain, spasticity, weakness, and...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - July 25, 2017 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research