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Predictors and outcomes of ischemic stroke in reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome
ConclusionIschemic stroke affects nearly 25% of patients with RCVS and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. RCVS patients with cerebrovascular risk factors might have a higher predisposition for developing ischemic lesions during the disease process.
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular mortality among migraine patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionMigraine, especially migraine with aura, is associated with myocardial infarction and stroke. Migraine with aura increases the risk of overall cardiovascular mortality.
Source: Journal of Neurology - January 8, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Transient global amnesia does not increase the risk of subsequent ischemic stroke: a propensity score-matched analysis
ConclusionsAfter adjustment for demographics and cerebrovascular risk factors, TGA is not associated with an increased risk of subsequent ischemic stroke.
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 2, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Frequency of MELAS main mutation in a phenotype-targeted young ischemic stroke patient population
Abstract Mitochondrial diseases, predominantly mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), may occasionally underlie or coincide with ischemic stroke (IS) in young and middle-aged individuals. We searched for undiagnosed patients with MELAS in a target subpopulation of unselected young IS patients enrolled in the Stroke in Young Fabry Patients study (sifap1). Among the 3291 IS patients aged 18–55 years recruited to the sifap1 study at 47 centers across 14 European countries, we identified potential MELAS patients with the following phenotypic features: (a) diagnosed cardi...
Source: Journal of Neurology - November 14, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Haemorrhagic stroke related to the use of 4-fluoroamphetamine
We report on two patients who presented with headache and mild hypertension after 4-FA use. Patient A developed one-sided weakness and decreased consciousness after a few hours. A computed tomography scan showed a left-sided intracerebral haemorrhage. Because of life-threatening cerebral herniation, haematoma evacuation was performed. Postoperatively, she suffered from a right-sided hemiparalysis and severe aphasia, requiring clinical rehabilitation. Patient B had a subarachnoid haemorrhage without neurological deficits. In total, 939 4-FA-intoxicated patients were registered. These patients used 4-FA alone (44%) or in com...
Source: Journal of Neurology - May 8, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A rare cause of monogenic cerebral small vessel disease and stroke: Cathepsin A-related arteriopathy with strokes and leukoencephalopathy (CARASAL)
ConclusionsCARASAL should be considered in patients with early onset or severe cerebral small vessel disease, particularly where there are prominent symptoms or signs related to brainstem involvement, such as hearing dysfunction, tinnitus or dysphagia or where there is significant thalamic and brainstem involvement on imaging.
Source: Journal of Neurology - October 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A case –control study of the determinants for cervicocerebral artery dissection
ConclusionIn the process of diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke, for patients with age  <  50 years old, headache and neck pain and triglycerides <  1.6 mmol/L, the cervicocerebral artery dissection should be considered, and vascular imaging examination needs to be performed in time.
Source: Journal of Neurology - November 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Contribution of EEG in transient neurological deficits
AbstractIdentification of stroke mimics and ‘chameleons’ among transient neurological deficits (TND) is critical. Diagnostic workup consists of a brain imaging study, for a vascular disease or a brain tumour and EEG, for epileptiform discharges. The precise role of EEG in this diagnostic workup has, however, never been clearly delineated. However, this could be crucial in cases of atypical or incomplete presentation with consequences on disease management and treatment. We analysed the EEG patterns on 95 consecutive patients referred for an EEG within 7 days of a TND with diagnostic uncertainty. Patients were classifi...
Source: Journal of Neurology - November 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological manifestations of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review of the literature
ConclusionThis updated review of literature, shows that headache, skeletal muscle injury, psychiatric disorders, impaired consciousness, and gustatory/olfactory dysfunction were the most common neurological symptoms of COVID-19 patients. Impaired consciousness and acute cerebrovascular events were significantly higher among patients with a severe infection. AIS patients required ICU admission in 63% of cases, while intra-hospital mortality rate was close to 23%.
Source: Journal of Neurology - July 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Treatment course and outcomes after revascularization surgery for moyamoya disease in adults
ConclusionsThis analysis of nationally representative US data suggests that although readmission after RS for MMD is not uncommon, cerebral hemorrhagic events during the 90-day postoperative period are rare.
Source: Journal of Neurology - September 8, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

RCVS: by clinicians for clinicians —a narrative review
ConclusionIn general, the outcome of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome is very good. Vasospasm as well as thunderclap headache attacks can be fully reversible, and  >  90% of patients are functionally independent at discharge.
Source: Journal of Neurology - January 30, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Characteristics of hypertrophic pachymeningitis in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis
AbstractHypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is an important neurologic complication of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, formerly Wegener ’s granulomatosis). The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical features, radiological findings, and diagnostic pitfalls of GPA-related HP. A retrospective chart review was performed to screen patients diagnosed with GPA at Samsung Medical Center between 1997 and 2016. Neurologic manifest ation, laboratory findings, neuroimaging data, and clinical course were evaluated in all patients. Characteristics of patients with HP were compared to those of patients without HP. Sixty-...
Source: Journal of Neurology - February 19, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological update: dizziness
AbstractThe diagnosis and management of vertigo remains a challenge for clinicians, including general neurology. In recent years there have been advances in the understanding of established vestibular  syndromes, and the development of treatments for existing vestibular diagnoses. In this ‘update’ I will review how our understanding of previously “unexplained” dizziness in the elderly is changing, explore novel insights into the pathophysiology of vestibular migraine, and its relationshi p to the newly coined term ‘persistent postural perceptual dizziness’, and finally discuss how a simple bedside oculomotor a...
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 3, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Understanding the neurotropic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2: from neurological manifestations of COVID-19 to potential neurotropic mechanisms
AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by the novel betacoronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic threat. The potential involvement of COVID-19 in central nervous system (CNS) has attracted considerable attention due to neurological manifestations presented throughout the disease process. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 is structurally similar to SARS-CoV, and both bind to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to enter human cells. Thus, cells expressing ACE2, such as neurons and glial cells may act as targets and are thus vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we have reviewed ...
Source: Journal of Neurology - May 25, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A review of pathophysiology and neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19
ConclusionThe neurological manifestations of the COVID-19 are varied and the data about this continue to evolve as the pandemic continues to progress.
Source: Journal of Neurology - June 2, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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