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Vena cava backflow and right ventricular stiffness in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Vena cava backflow is a well-recognised clinical hallmark of right ventricular failure in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Backflow may result from tricuspid regurgitation during right ventricular systole or from impaired right ventricular diastolic filling during atrial contraction. Our aim was to quantify the forward and backward flow in the vena cava and to establish the main cause in PAH. In 62 PAH patients, cardiac magnetic resonance measurements provided volumetric flows (mL·s–1) in the superior and inferior vena cava; time integration of flow gave volume. The "backward fraction" was defined as the...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 16, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Marcus, J. T., Westerhof, B. E., Groeneveldt, J. A., Bogaard, H. J., de Man, F. S., Vonk Noordegraaf, A. Tags: Pulmonary vascular disease Original Articles: Pulmonary hypertension Source Type: research

Characteristics of patients treated with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) prescribed during hospitalization
Conclusions: The follow-up after discharge in specialized units of tobacco cessation is very low, yet the efficacy of the treatment per year was high.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 20, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Perez Morales, M., Espana Dominguez, C., Morales Gonzalez, M., Munoz Ramirez, I., Merino Sanchez, M., Arnedillo Munoz, A. Tags: Tobacco, smoking control and health educ. Source Type: research

30-day Readmissions After Acute Exacerbations of COPD: How Relevant Are Comorbidities?
Conclusions: Cardiovascular diseases were highly prevalent and acute heart failure was an important cause of 30-day readmission among AECOPD patients. GERD may complicate AECOPD recovery and patients with previous stroke may be at higher risk of a fatal outcome.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 28, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Freitas, C., Dias, J., Leuschner, P. Tags: Monitoring airway disease Source Type: research

Accelerated FEV1 decline and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in a primary care population of COPD patients
Accelerated lung function decline has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a general population, but little is known about this association in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We investigated the association between accelerated lung function decline and CVD outcomes and mortality in a primary care COPD population. COPD patients without a history of CVD were identified in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)-GOLD primary care dataset (n=36 382). Accelerated decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was defined using the fastest quartile of the COPD popula...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - March 4, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Whittaker, H. R., Bloom, C., Morgan, A., Jarvis, D., Kiddle, S. J., Quint, J. K. Tags: COPD and smoking Original Articles: COPD Source Type: research

Acute beat blockade improves right ventricular diastolic filling in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a rodent CMR and clinical human pressure-volume study
Conclusions: Esmolol improves RV diastolic filling in PAH at rest and during low-grade exercise, preserving SV and CO, with energetically favourable effects on contractile efficiency.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 1, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Samaranayake, C., Niglas, M., Kempny, A., Baxan, N., Ashek, A., Pinguel, J., Dimopoulos, K., Price, L. C., Wort, S. J., Zhao, L., Mccabe, C. Tags: 13.01 - Pulmonary hypertension Source Type: research

Mortality in sarcoidosis, results from one centre, long term observational study
Conclusion:The leading cause of death in sarcoid patients in our Department were cancers, but just as often, sarcoidosis was the underlying cause of death.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Puscinska, E., Nowinski, A., Goljan-Geremek, A., Bednarek, M., Kaminski, D., Kowalska, A., Gorecka, D. Tags: 1.5 Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease Source Type: research

Metabolic diseases in parents and grandparents predict asthma and hay fever in offspring
Conclusion: This is the first study to show that familial cardio-metabolic disease predicts specific asthma phenotypes and hay fever, independent of familial asthma, suggesting that two distinct pathways carry asthma risk across generations, via familial asthma as well as cardio-metabolic disease.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Carsin, A.-E., Svanes, C., Sunyer, J., Dratva, J., Norback, D., Holm, M., Lindberg, E., Benediktsdottir, B., Forsberg, B., Jogi, R., Schlunssen, V., Franklin, K., Gislason, T., Sigsgaard, T., Heinrich, J., Janson, C., Dharmage, S., Johannessen, A., Gomez Tags: 10.1 Respiratory Infections Source Type: research

Recruitment maneuvers in the presence of pulmonary hypertension: Cardiorespiratory effects during experimental acute lung injury
Conclusion- RM did not affect cardiac work and output regardless of conditions. Moreover in concomitant ALI, PHT somehow counteracted the deleterious effects of RM on elastance and SvO2.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Doras, C., Le Guen, M., Petak, F., Habre, W. Tags: 4.1 Clinical Respiratory Physiology, Exercise and Functional Imaging Source Type: research

Association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure and age in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients
Conclusions: Coronary artery disease was frequent in OSA pts (more than 20%). We found strongest association between heart failure and age and CAD in OSA patients.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Plywaczewski, R., Czyzak-Gradkowska, A., Targowska, M., Bielen, P., Sliwinski, P. Tags: 4.2 Sleep and Control of Breathing Source Type: research

Afterload reduction governs improvement in RV systolic function and ventriculo-arterial adaptation in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) undergoing rapid dose escalation of treprostinil
Conclusions: Treprostinil primarily exerts its effects by lowering RV afterload (Ea). This effect governs the improvement in RV systolic pump failure and contractile reserve. RV stiffness is related to afterload but unaffected by treprostinil. Thus, small improvements in RVEDV are likely related to a decrease in high baseline preload dependent (heterometric) autoregulation.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Rischard, F., Vanderpool, R., Champion, H., Simon, M., Rischard, M., Jenkins, I., Knoper, S., Hansen, L., Waxman, A. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Disease Source Type: research

Cardiac MRI derived right ventriculo-arterial coupling in pulmonary hypertension as a predictor of survival
Conclusion: SV/ESV predicts survival in PH, but does not seem to provide added value over ejection fraction (RVEF) and does not change with specific treatment. Correlation with invasive data is needed to assess if SV/ESV is an accurate reflection of VA coupling.Table1: Age and gender adjusted survival predictors. Abbreviations RVEDVI right ventricular (RV) end diastolic volume index; RVESVI RV end systolic volume index; LVEDVI left ventricular end diastolic volume indexTable2: baseline and follow up CMR variables after minimum of 3 months of therapy (mean ±SD or median (IQR)).
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Brewis, M., Naeije, R., Bellofiore, A., Chesler, N., Peacock, A. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Disease Source Type: research

Hemodynamic effects of different vasodilators in patients with type II pulmonary hypertension (PH)
Conclusions. Inhaled Iloprost causes favorable changes in preload and afterload of the impaired LV and increases its performance in patients with PH associated with LV systolic dysfunction.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Bautin, A., Tashkhanov, D., Datsenko, S., Fedotov, P., Iakovlev, A., Moiseeva, O., Sitnikova, M. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Disease Source Type: research

Clinical factors linked with coronary artery disease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Conclusion: Our data showed that hypertension, left heart failure, and lower serum HDL level were independent predictors for the presence of CAD in COPD. FEV1 and triple vessel CAD were independently associated with the survival of the patients with COPD.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Park, J. H., Ahn, Y. H., Ki, S. K., Jung, Y. J., Lee, K. S., Jung, W. Y., Sheen, S. S., Park, K. J. Tags: 5.2 Monitoring Airway Disease Source Type: research

Right ventricular contractile reserve is markedly impaired and correlates with exercise capacity in pulmonary arterial hypertension: A dobutamine stress echocardiography study
Conclusions: RV contractile reserve can be assessed using DSE and may reveal subclinical RV dysfunction not apparent at rest. A correlation with exercise capacity suggests potential clinical value beyond resting measurements.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lau, E., Munoz, P., Sharma, T., Choudhary, P., Celermajer, D. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Disease Source Type: research

Dobutamine stress for evaluation of right ventricular reserve in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Right ventricular contractile response to pharmacological stress in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has not been characterised. We evaluated right ventricular contractile reserve in adults with PAH using dobutamine stress echocardiography. 16 PAH patients and 18 age-matched controls underwent low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography. Contractile reserve was assessed by the change (; peak stress minus rest value) in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and tricuspid annular systolic velocity (S'). A subgroup of 13 PAH patients underwent treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise testing for peak oxygen uptake...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - February 28, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sharma, T., Lau, E. M. T., Choudhary, P., Torzillo, P. J., Munoz, P. A., Simmons, L. R., Naeije, R., Celermajer, D. S. Tags: Pulmonary vascular disease Original Articles: Pulmonary vascular diseases Source Type: research

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