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Combined Perfusion and Permeability Imaging Reveals Different Pathophysiologic Tissue Responses After Successful Thrombectomy
AbstractDespite successful recanalization of large-vessel occlusions in acute ischemic stroke, individual patients profit to a varying degree. Dynamic susceptibility-weighted perfusion and dynamic T1-weighted contrast-enhanced blood-brain barrier permeability imaging may help to determine secondary stroke injury and predict clinical outcome. We prospectively performed perfusion and permeability imaging in 38 patients within 24  h after successful mechanical thrombectomy of an occlusion of the middle cerebral artery M1 segment. Perfusion alterations were evaluated on cerebral blood flow maps, blood-brain barrier disruption...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 11, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Rabbit Shunt Model of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
Abstract Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a disease with devastating complications that leads to stroke, permanent neurological deficits and death. Clinical and ex-perimental work has demonstrated the importance of the contribution of delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCVS) indepen-dent early events to mortality, morbidity and functional out-come after SAH. In order to elucidate processes involved in early brain injury (EBI), animal models that reflect acute events of aneurysmal bleeding, such as increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) and decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure, are needed. In the presented...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 19, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Minimally Invasive Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation Improves Pericavity Cerebral Blood Volume
This study aims to quantify blood volume changes in the perihematomal parenchyma and pericavity parenchyma after minimally invasive intracerebral hemorrhage evacuation (MIS for ICH). Thirty-two patients underwent MIS for ICH with pre- and post-operative CT imaging and intraoperative perfusion imaging (DynaCT PBV Neuro, Artis Q, Siemens). The pre-operative and post-operative CT scans were segmented using ITK-SNAP software to calculate hematoma volumes and to delineate the pericavity tissue. Helical CT segmentations were registered to cone beam CT data using elastix software. Mean blood volumes were computed inside subvolume...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 17, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effect of APOE Gene Polymorphism on Early Cerebral Perfusion After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes and early cerebral perfusion after aSAH. We collected venous blood of aSAH patients on admission for APOE genotype identification, applying computed tomography perfusion (CTP) scanning within 24 h after onset. The CTP parameters between patients with different APOE genotypes were compared. Then, a positive item was chosen for separate uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses to seek its risk factors. Our results showed mean transit time (MTT) rather than other parameters was significantly longer in patients with the APOE�...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 14, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Large Vessel Vasospasm Is Not Associated with Cerebral Cortical Hypoperfusion in a Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractClinical studies on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) have shown discrepancies between large vessel vasospasm, cerebral perfusion, and clinical outcome. We set out to analyze the contribution of large vessel vasospasm to impaired cerebral perfusion and neurological impairment in a murine model of SAH. SAH was induced in C57BL/6 mice by endovascular filament perforation. Vasospasm was analyzed with microcomputed tomography, cortical perfusion by laser SPECKLE contrast imaging, and functional impairment with a quantitative neuroscore. SAH animals developed large vessel vasospasm, as shown by significantly lower vessel vo...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Proposed Definition of Experimental Secondary Ischemia for Mouse Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractInconsistency in outcome parameters for delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) makes it difficult to compare results between mouse studies, in the same way inconsistency in outcome parameters in human studies has for long obstructed adequate comparison. The absence of an established definition may in part be responsible for the failed translational results. The present article proposes a standardized definition for DCI in experimental mouse models, which can be used as outcome measure in future animal studies. We used a consensus-building approach to propose a definition for “experimental secondary ischemia” (ESI) in ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 8, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Beneficial Effect of Sodium Nitrite on EEG Ischaemic Markers in Patients with Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
AbstractSubarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is associated with long-term disability, serious reduction in quality of life and significant mortality. Early brain injury (EBI) refers to the pathological changes in cerebral metabolism and blood flow that happen in the first few days after ictus and may lead on to delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI). A disruption of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway is hypothesised as a key mechanism underlying EBI. A decrease in the alpha-delta power ratio (ADR) of the electroencephalogram has been related to cerebral ischaemia. In an experimental medicine study, we tested the hypothesis that intravenous...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Early Microthrombosis and Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice
In conclusion, NETs are associated with early microthrombosis after SAH; they may be a novel therapeutic target for early brain injury (EBI) after SAH.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 13, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Comprehensive Profiling of Secreted Factors in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Moyamoya Disease Patients
AbstractMoyamoya disease (MMD) is characterized by progressive occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid arteries, leading to ischemic and hemorrhagic events. Significant clinical differences exist between ischemic and hemorrhagic MMD. To understand the molecular profiles in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MMD patients, we investigated 62 secreted factors in both MMD subtypes (ischemic and hemorrhagic) and examined their relationship with preoperative perfusion status, the extent of postoperative angiographic revascularization, and functional outcomes. Intraoperative CSF was collected from 32 control and 71 MMD patie...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Dynamic Measurements of Cerebral Blood Flow Responses to Cortical Spreading Depolarization in the Murine Endovascular Perforation Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model
AbstractDelayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is the most severe complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) is believed to play a vital role in it. However, the dynamic changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) in response to CSD in typical SAH models have not been well investigated. Here, SAH was established in mice with endovascular perforation. Subsequently, the spontaneous CBF dropped instantly and then returned to baseline rapidly. After KCl application to the cortex, subsequent hypoperfusion waves occurred across the groups, while a lower average perfusion level was found in th...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research