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Controversies: Stroke Prevention in Chronic Kidney Disease
Risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke is increased in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population, particularly in end-stage kidney disease patients. Uremic factors that contribute to stroke risk include blood pressure variability, vascular calcification, build-up of vascular toxins, chronic inflammation, platelet dysfunction and increased brain microbleeds. This paper discusses the controversial evidence for stroke prevention strategies including blood pressure control, statins, antiplatelet agents, and anticoagulation in the CKD population.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 25, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Wei Ling Lau Source Type: research

Demographic and Clinical Predictors of Leptomeningeal Collaterals in Stroke Patients
Background: Leptomeningeal collaterals improve outcome after stroke, including reduction of hemorrhagic complications after thrombolytic or endovascular therapy, smaller infarct size, and reduction in symptoms at follow-up evaluation. The purpose of this study was to determine the demographic and clinical variables that are associated with a greater degree of cerebral collaterals.Methods: Clinical data of patients presenting with M1 occlusions of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and associated computed tomography angiography studies after admission from 3 separate institutions were retrospectively compiled (n = 82). Occl...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 4, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Nitin Malik, Qinghua Hou, Achala Vagal, James Patrie, Wenjun Xin, Patrik Michel, Ashraf Eskandari, Tudor Jovin, Max Wintermark Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The Effects of Previous Statin Treatment on Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Level in Chinese Stroke Patients Undergoing Thrombolysis
It is unclear whether previous statin therapy influences the prognosis, hemorrhagic transformation, and plasma matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9 levels in Chinese stroke patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis. We conduct a prospective cohort study of 193 patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis. All the enrolled patients were divided into 2 groups (the control group and the statin group), according to the previous history of statin use. The plasma MMP-9 levels were detected before and at 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 72 hours after intravenous thrombolysis.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 11, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Hong-Dong Zhao, Ying-Dong Zhang Source Type: research

Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2 during the Hyperacute Stage of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Strokes
Conclusions: Lp-PLA2 mass is higher in ICH compared with ischemic stroke during the hyperacute stage. Lp-PLA2 activity is associated with stroke volume in ICH but not in ischemic stroke. This suggests that Lp-PLA2 mass and activity could provide different information in the hyperacute stage of stroke.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 10, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Charlotte Rosso, David Rosenbaum, Christine Pires, Corinne Cherfils, Nabil Koujah, Fouzi Mestari, Emeline Gillet, Sophie Crozier, Mélika Sahli-Amor, Yves Samson, Dominique Bonnefont-Rousselot, Randa Khani-Bittar Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Long-term Improvement in Outcome After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients Treated with Statins
Conclusions: Statin use is associated with improved long-term outcome at 12 months after ICH. This finding supports previous clinical studies that have shown the short-term benefits of statin therapy. In addition, this study correlates with animal studies supporting the possible long-term recovery benefits of statins.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 17, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Jonathan Winkler, John Paul Shoup, Alexandra Czap, Ilene Staff, Gilbert Fortunato, Louise D. McCullough, Lauren H. Sansing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Statins and Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Potential Mechanisms
In a recent publication, Tapia Pérez et al1 have argued, based on some of the previous meta-analyses, that the risk for statin-induced intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has been refuted. However, this is a premature and somewhat misleading conclusion, as whether high-dose statin therapy can elicit ICH remains to be a subject of contention among researchers and clinicians.2 In fact, according to the most recent guidelines by the American Stroke Association for the management of ICH, the question of whether statin therapy should be continued in patients remains elusive.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 11, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Shahram Eisa-Beygi, Suzan El-Rass Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Statin Use and Risk of Cerebral Aneurysm Rupture: A Hospital-based Case–control Study in Japan
Conclusions: This observation from a hospital-based case-control study in Japan suggested that there is inverse relationship between use of statins and cerebral aneurysm rupture. Future clinical studies are needed.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Yayoi Yoshimura, Yoshitaka Murakami, Makoto Saitoh, Toshihiro Yokoi, Tomohiro Aoki, Katsuyuki Miura, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Kazuhiko Nozaki, SSS Research Group Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Rosuvastatin Ameliorates Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage via Suppression of Superoxide Formation and Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Activation in Rats
Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that rosuvastatin pretreatment ameliorates EBI after SAH through the attenuation of oxidative stress and NF-κB–mediated inflammation.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 14, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Ken Uekawa, Yu Hasegawa, Mingjie Ma, Takashi Nakagawa, Tetsuji Katayama, Daisuke Sueta, Kensuke Toyama, Keiichiro Kataoka, Nobutaka Koibuchi, Takayuki Kawano, Jun-ichi Kuratsu, Shokei Kim-Mitsuyama Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Meta-analysis of Statin Use for the Acute Therapy of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Growing evidence demonstrates the neuroprotective effects of statins, and the risk to develop an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) using statins has been refuted. However, some controversy remains regarding their role in the acute phase after ICH onset. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to investigate this issue.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 16, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: J. Humberto Tapia Pérez, O. Can Yildiz, Thomas Schneider, Christopher Nimsky Source Type: research

Clinical Study of Intracranial and Extracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients
Nowadays, researchers had begun to focus on the use of antiplatelet and statins in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), but atherosclerosis treatment remains uncertain in these patients. We aimed to investigate the incidence and characteristics of intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis in these patients and analyze its related risk factors.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 8, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Chun-Yang Zhang, Shi-Ren Huang, Si-Yang Wang, Lei Shen, Ben-Qiang Deng Source Type: research

Lipid Lowering Therapy, Low-Density Lipoprotein Level and Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage – A Meta-Analysis
Background: The association of lipid lowering therapy and intracerebral hemorrhage risk is controversial. Methods: We performed a cumulative meta-analysis of lipid lowering trials that reported intracerebral hemorrhage. Statin, fibrate, ezetimibe, PCSK9, and CETP trials were included. We explored whether the association of lipid lowering therapy and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage may vary by baseline low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level, mean change in LDL or baseline cardiovascular risk of population.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 12, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Conor Judge, Sarah Ruttledge, Maria Costello, Robert Murphy, Elaine Loughlin, Alberto Alvarez-Iglesias, John Ferguson, Sarah Gorey, Aoife Nolan, Michelle Canavan, Martin O'Halloran, Martin J. O'Donnell Source Type: research

Therapeutic Effects of Iron Chelation in Atorvastatin-Induced Intracranial Hemorrhage of Zebrafish Larvae
Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) acutely and severely damages brain function.1,2 The prognosis of ICH is poor due to the drastic and rapid progression of its pathology, and the lack of effective treatments presents a significant unmet clinical need. Therefore, novel therapeutic agents for ICH have the potential to significantly improve clinical outcomes. The collagenase-induced rodent ICH model is the most commonly used experimental ICH model.3 However, detailed live imaging of hematoma development in rodent models is inherently limited, as rodents are opaque.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Shinsuke Nakamura, Yuichi Saito, Takumi Gouda, Takahiko Imai, Masamitsu Shimazawa, Yuhei Nishimura, Hideaki Hara Source Type: research