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Neuroprotective Effects of Piceatannol on Olfactory Bulb Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
This study is the first to demonstrate the neuroprotective effects of PIC on OB injury after SAH. It suggests that PIC would be a potential therapeutic agent for alleviating OB injury after SAH.
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Spinal MCP-1 Contributes to Central Post-stroke Pain by Inducing Central Sensitization in Rats
In this study, rats were subjected to thalamic hemorrhage to investigate the role of spinal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) in the development of CPSP. Immunohistochemical staining and ELISA were used to assess the expression changes of c-Fos, Iba-1, GFAP, MCP-1, and CCR2 in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord following thalamic hemorrhage, and the involvement of spinal MCP-1 in CPSP was examined by performing intrathecal anti-MCP-1 mAb injection to neutralize the spinal extracellular MCP-1. We demonstrated that intra-thalamic collagenase microinjection induced per...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 5, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Circulating lncRNAs HIF1A-AS2 and LINLK-A: Role and Relation to Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 α in Cerebral Stroke Patients
This study investigated the expression of lncRNAs HIF1A-AS2 and LINK-A, and their target gene hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in Egyptian stroke patients. It also aimed to determine the molecular mechanism implicated in the disease. A total of 75 stroke patients were divided into three clinical subgroups, besides 25 healthy controls of age-matched and sex-matched. Remarkable upregulation of lncRNA HIF1A-AS2 and HIF1- α along with a downregulation of lncRNA LINK-A was noticed in all stroke groups relative to controls. Serum levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), vascular endothelial ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - June 5, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Inhibiting ER Stress Weakens Neuronal Pyroptosis in a Mouse Acute Hemorrhagic Stroke Model
In this study, we investigated the role of ER stress in evoking neuronal pyroptosis and related mechanisms in a mouse ICH model. We used tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) to inhibit ER stress and observed that TUDCA reduces neuronal pyroptosis and has a neuroprotective role. We explored the potential mechanisms underlying the regulation of neuronal pyroptosis by ER stress through testing the expression of interleukin-13 (IL-13). We found that ER stress inhibition alleviates neuronal pyroptosis through decreasing the expression of IL-13 after ICH. In summary, this study revealed that IL-13 is involved in ER stress –induce...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - October 7, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Fucoxanthin Mitigates Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Oxidative Damage via Sirtuin 1-Dependent Pathway
AbstractOxidative stress is a key component of the pathological cascade in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Fucoxanthin (Fx) possesses a strong antioxidant property and has shown neuroprotective effects in acute brain injuries such as ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury. Here, we investigated the beneficial effects of Fx against SAH-induced oxidative insults and the possible molecular mechanisms. Our data showed that Fx could significantly inhibit SAH-induced reactive oxygen species production and lipid peroxidation, and restore the impairment of endogenous antioxidant enzymes activities. In addition, Fx supplementati...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - October 7, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Canonical Wnt Pathway Maintains Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity upon Ischemic Stroke and Its Activation Ameliorates Tissue Plasminogen Activator Therapy
AbstractStroke induces blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, which promotes complications like oedema and hemorrhagic transformation. Administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) within a therapeutic time window of 4.5  h after stroke onset constitutes the only existing treatment. Beyond this time window, rtPA worsens BBB breakdown. Canonical Wnt pathway induces BBB formation and maturation during ontogeny. We hypothesized that the pathway is required to maintain BBB functions after stroke; thus, its activation m ight improve rtPA therapy. Therefore, we first assessed pathway activity in the brain of m...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Improved Reperfusion and Vasculoprotection by the Poly(ADP-Ribose)Polymerase Inhibitor PJ34 After Stroke and Thrombolysis in Mice
In conclusion, the combination of the PARP inhibitor PJ34 with rt-PA after cerebral ischemia may be of particular interest in order to improve thrombolysis with an extended therapeutic window.
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - October 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Plasma miR-124 Is a Promising Candidate Biomarker for Human Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke
AbstractStroke causes death or long-term disabilities and threatens the general health of the population worldwide. Recent studies have suggested that miRNAs are dysregulated and can be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in stroke. The intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 15% of all the stroke cases. However, at present, little is known regarding the functions and clinical implications of miRNAs in ICH. In the present study, we established the collagenase-induced rat ICH model to mimic human ICH syndrome. We profiled the expression of 728 rat miRNAs at different time points in rat brain tissues and plasm...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - November 3, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

GSK-3 β inhibitor TWS119 attenuates rtPA-induced hemorrhagic transformation and activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway after acute ischemic stroke in rats
This study provides a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent tPA-induced HT after acute ischemic stroke.
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - November 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

High Plasma Levels of d -Dimer Are Independently Associated with a Heightened Risk of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage
AbstractDeep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a complication of stroke. Our aim was to determine whetherd-dimer plasma levels at admission could be a risk factor for DVT in Chinese patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). From December 2012 to November 2014, all patients with first-ever acute ICH were included. At baseline, the demographical and clinical data were taken. These patients were assessed for DVT using color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) on 15  days after ICH and whenever clinically requested. Multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) cu...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - September 6, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Endovascular Treatment Versus Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke: a Quantitative Review and Meta-Analysis of 21 Randomized Trials
Abstract Emerging studies suggest that endovascular treatment (EVT) may be superior to intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke as compared with intravenous thrombolysis. We assessed RCTs investigating EVT versus intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) published up to June 2015. In total, 21 studies of 4473 patients were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. EVT significantly improved functional outcom...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

GSK-3β inhibitor TWS119 attenuates rtPA-induced hemorrhagic transformation and activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway after acute ischemic stroke in rats
This study provides a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent tPA-induced HT after acute ischemic stroke.
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - December 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Perihematomal Cellular Injury Is Reduced by Trans-sodium Crocetinate in a Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
This study examined the impact of TSC on neuronal loss in an animal model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Utilizing a rat model of collagenase injection, TSC was shown to reduce perihematomal cellular loss after ICH, as assessed by Fluoro-Jade B staining in tissue sections. This is the first evidence demonstrating that TSC is capable of limiting hemorrhagic injury to neurons in the brain. The finding supports the concept that TSC may represent a candidate therapeutic for early intervention regardless of whether a stroke is hemorrhagic or ischemic in nature.
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - June 7, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Hemorrhagic Transformation after Tissue Plasminogen Activator Reperfusion Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms, Models, and Biomarkers
Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is well recognized as a common cause of hemorrhage in patients with ischemic stroke. HT after acute ischemic stroke contributes to early mortality and adversely affects functional recovery. The risk of HT is especially high when patients receive thrombolytic reperfusion therapy with tissue plasminogen activator, the only available treatment for ischemic stroke. Although many important publications address preclinical models of ischemic stroke, there are no current recommendations regarding the conduct of research aimed at understanding the mechanisms and predi...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - November 4, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research