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Source: Translational Stroke Research
Condition: Ischemic Stroke
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Total 404 results found since Jan 2013.
Response to Letter to Cell Death Pathways in Ischemic Stroke and Targeted Pharmacotherapy
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 15, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Correction to: Erythropoietin Abrogates Post-ischemic Activation of the NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2 Inflammasomes in Microglia/Macrophages in a TAK1-Dependent Manner
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Letter to Cell Death Pathways in Ischemic Stroke and Targeted Pharmacotherapy
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 4, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Maternal n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Enriched Diet Commands Fatty Acid Composition in Postnatal Brain and Protects from Neonatal Arterial Focal Stroke
In conclusion, maternal/postnatal n-3 enriched diet markedly rearranges neonatal brain lipid composition and modulates the response to ischemia. While standard diet is sufficient to maintain low levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines under physiological condition s, n-3 PUFA enriched diet, but not standard diet, attenuates increases of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in ischemic-reperfused regions and protects from neonatal stroke.Graphic Abstract
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 21, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Erythropoietin Abrogates Post-Ischemic Activation of the NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2 Inflammasomes in Microglia/Macrophages in a TAK1-Dependent Manner
AbstractInflammasomes are known to contribute to brain damage after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). TAK1 is predominantly expressed in microglial cells and can regulate the NLRP3 inflammasome, but its impact on other inflammasomes including NLRC4 and AIM2 after AIS remains elusive. EPO has been shown to reduce NLRP3 protein levels in different disease models. Whether EPO-mediated neuroprotection after AIS is conveyed via an EPO/TAK1/inflammasome axis in microglia remains to be clarified. Subjecting mice deficient for TAK1 in microglia/macrophages (Mi/M Φ) to AIS revealed a significant reduction in infarct sizes and neurologi...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 9, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
High On-Treatment Platelet Reactivity as Predictor of Long-term Clinical Outcomes in Stroke Patients with Antiplatelet Agents
AbstractThe purpose was to explore the value of high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) in predicting long-term clinical outcomes for stroke patients. The platelet reactivity was assayed after being treated with either 75 mg clopidogrel or 100 mg aspirin daily with VerifyNow System in stroke patients. HTPR for clopidogrel was defined as PRU ≥ 208, and that for aspirin was defined as ARU ≥ 550. CYP2C19 genotyping was performed using the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform. The primary endpoint was a compo site of recurrent ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, or ischemic vascu...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Novel Metabolites as Potential Indicators of Ischemic Infarction Volume: a Pilot Study
AbstractMetabolomics may identify biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Previously, circulating metabolites were compared in AIS and healthy controls without accounting for stroke size. The goal of this study was to identify metabolites that associate with the volume of AIS. We prospectively analyzed 1554 serum metabolites in the acute (72 h) and chronic (3–6 months) stages of 60 ischemic stroke patients. We calculated infarct volume using diffusion-weighted images with MR segmentation software and associated the volume with stage-specific metabolites, acute-to-chronic stage changes, and multiple mixed regressio...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Protective Effects of ShcA Protein Silencing for Photothrombotic Cerebral Infarction
This study suggests that the regulation of ShcA protein expression can be a therapeutic target for reducing brain damage with mitochondrial dysfunction caused by thrombotic infarction.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Irreversible Neuronal Damage Begins Just After Aneurysm Rupture in Poor-Grade Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients
AbstractPathophysiological findings of early brain injury in humans have not permitted conclusive determinations. We explored the essence of this phenomenon by taking intraoperative cortical specimens of Hunt-Kosnik grades IV~V (poor-grade) subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH). From 2013 to 2017, we treated 39 consecutive poor-grade patients in 226 cases of aneurysmal SAH. Fourteen of the 39 patients agreed to this study following written informed consent. We took specimens from untouched areas prior to surgical intervention: cortex near the ruptured aneurysm for clipping, convexity cortex for cerebral ventricular drainage. Cort...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Refined Ischemic Penumbra Imaging with Tissue pH and Diffusion Kurtosis Magnetic Resonance Imaging
AbstractImaging has played a vital role in our mechanistic understanding of acute ischemia and the management of acute stroke patients. The most recent DAWN and DEFUSE-3 trials showed that endovascular therapy could be extended to a selected group of late-presenting stroke patients with the aid of imaging. Although perfusion and diffusion MRI have been commonly used in stroke imaging, the approximation of their mismatch as the penumbra is oversimplified, particularly in the era of endovascular therapy. Briefly, the hypoperfusion lesion includes the benign oligemia that does not proceed to infarction. Also, with prompt and ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Nicotine Exposure Along with Oral Contraceptive Treatment in Female Rats Exacerbates Post-cerebral Ischemic Hypoperfusion Potentially via Altered Histamine Metabolism
AbstractSmoking-derived nicotine (N) and oral contraceptives (OCs) synergistically exacerbate ischemic brain damage in the female, and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Our published study showed that N toxicity is exacerbated by OC via altered mitochondrial electron transport chain function. Because mitochondria play an important role in cellular metabolism, we investigated the global metabolomic profile of brains of adolescent and adult female Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to N with or without OC (N+/ −OC). Rats were randomly exposed to saline or N+/−OC for 16–21 days followed by random allocation into two c...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Platelet Activation and Chemokine Release Are Related to Local Neutrophil-Dominant Inflammation During Hyperacute Human Stroke
This study provides human evidence of cerebral platelet activation and platelet-neutrophil interactions during AIS and points to the relevance of per-ischemic thrombo-inflammatory mechanisms to impaired reperfusion and worse functional outcome following recanalization.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 28, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A Novel Mutation in COL4A1 Gene in a Chinese Family with Pontine Autosomal Dominant Microangiopathy and Leukoencephalopathy
We report a novel collagen type IV alpha 1 (COL4A1) gene mutation in a Chinese family with PADMAL. The index case was followed up for 6 years. Neuroimaging, whole-exome sequencing, skin biopsy, and pedigree analysis were performed. She initially presented with minor head injury at age 38. MRI brain showed chronic lacunar infarcts in the pons, left thalamus, and right centrum semiovale. Extensive workup was unremarkable except for a patent foramen ovale (PFO). Despite anticoagulation, PFO closure, and antiplatelet therapy, the patient had recurrent lacunar infarcts in the pons and deep white matter, as well as subcortical...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 20, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Four Decades of Ischemic Penumbra and Its Implication for Ischemic Stroke
AbstractThe ischemic penumbra defined four decades ago has been the main battleground of ischemic stroke. The evolving ischemic penumbra concept has been providing insight for the development of vascular and cellular approaches as well as diagnostic tools for the treatment of ischemic stroke. rt-PA thrombolytic therapy to prevent the transition of ischemic penumbra to core has been approved for acute ischemic stroke within 3 h and was later recommended to extend to 4.5 h after symptom onset. Mechanical thrombectomy was introduced for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke with a therapeutic window of up to 24 h after s...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 5, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
PRIMED2 Preclinical Evidence Scoring Tool to Assess Readiness for Translation of Neuroprotection Therapies
AbstractMany neuroprotective and other therapies for treatment of acute ischemic stroke have failed in translation to human studies, indicating a need for more rigorous, multidimensional quality assessment of the totality of preclinical evidence supporting a therapy prior to conducting human trials. A consensus panel of stroke preclinical model and human clinical trial experts assessed candidate items for the translational readiness scale, compiled from prior instruments (STAIR, ARRIVE, CAMARADES, RoB 2) based on importance, reliability, and feasibility. Once constructed, the tool was applied by two independent raters to f...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
