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'the mind is its own place': amelioration of claustrophobia in a patient with semantic dementia
Specific phobia is defined as marked, persistent and excessive or unreasonable fear when in the presence of, or when anticipating an encounter with, a specific object or situation.1 Here we describe amelioration of one common and disabling example, claustrophobia, following the onset of semantic dementia. Our patient had a clinical diagnosis of claustrophobia dating from her 20s and severe enough to cause her difficulties in daily life. She had habitually avoided lifts, windowless rooms, train travel and flying on account of her intense fear of being enclosed. At the age of 61, she developed a typical syndrome of semantic ...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Clarke, C., Fletcher, P., Cifelli, A., Warren, J. Tags: Dementia, Neuroimaging, Stroke, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Memory disorders (psychiatry), Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Association of British Neurologists (ABN) joint meeting with the Royal College of Physicians (RCP), London, 23- Source Type: research

A rare cause of headache-the importance of a tissue diagnosis and perseverance
A 64 year old diabetic hypertensive milkman presented in September 2011 with 4 months progressive constant right frontotemporal retro–orbital pain. It was worse at night affecting sleep with slight right field blurring and later vomiting. Full examination including blood pressure was normal with acuities 6/9. Tension type headache was considered. Initial brain CT was reported as normal. With concern about giant cell arteritis steroids were trialled although ESR was 8 and CRP 25 with no other clinical features: pain reduction was short–lived and temporal artery biopsy negative. Symptoms worsened despite analgesi...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Defty, H., Cavazza, A., Warner, G. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Headache (including migraine), Neurooncology, Pain (neurology), Stroke, Hypertension, CNS cancer, Ophthalmology, Pain (palliative care), Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Radiology, Disability, Dru Source Type: research

Processing of emotional information in the human subthalamic nucleus
Conclusions These results demonstrate that the ventral part of the STN processes the emotional valence of stimuli independently of the motor context and that dopamine enhances processing of pleasant information. These findings confirm the specific involvement of the STN in emotional processes in human, which may underlie the behavioural changes observed in patients with deep brain stimulation.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 13, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Buot, A., Welter, M.-L., Karachi, C., Pochon, J.-B., Bardinet, E., Yelnik, J., Mallet, L. Tags: Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Mood disorders (including depression) Cognitive neurology Source Type: research

Mild traumatic brain injury and epilepsy: alcohol misuse may underpin the association
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with various neurological and cognitive problems, but causality is often less clear. For example, postconcussion syndrome (PCS) was widely assumed to be a consequence of neural damage until it was demonstrated that: (1) the symptoms of PCS are not specific to brain injury, being common in the general population,1 (2) ‘PCS’ is as common in those who experience physical trauma without brain injury as those who experience mTBI,2 (3) preinjury factors, such as a history of anxiety or affective disorder, predict development of PCS,2 (4) PCS has a strong relationship w...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - May 6, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Welch, K. A., Derry, C. Tags: Epilepsy and seizures, Neurological injury, Stroke, Trauma CNS / PNS, Unwanted effects / adverse reactions, Alcohol-related disorders, Drugs misuse (including addiction), Mood disorders (including depression), Trauma, Injury Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

Joint hypermobility and autonomic hyperactivity: relevance to neurodevelopmental disorders
Conclusion We demonstrate for the first time that rates of hypermobility and symptoms of autonomic dysfunction are particularly high in adults with neurodevelopmental diagnoses. It is likely that the importance of hypermobility and autonomic dysfunction to the generation and maintenance of psychopathology in neurodevelopmental disorders is poorly appreciated. Work underway(autonomic testing, fMRI) will test the hypothesis that autonomic reactivity and interoceptive sensitivity predispose to the expression of psychiatric symptoms, particularly anxiety. It is further hypothesized that inefficient neural co-ordination of effe...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - July 9, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Eccles, J., Iodice, V., Dowell, N., Owens, A., Hughes, L., Skipper, S., Lycette, Y., Humphries, K., Harrison, N., Mathias, C., Critchley, H. Tags: Neurogastroenterology, Genetics, Movement disorders (other than Parkinsons), Muscle disease, Neuromuscular disease, Stroke, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Child and adolescent psychiatry, Mood disorders (including depression), Fibromyalgia, M Source Type: research

Development of obsessive compulsive disorder (ocd) secondary to traumatic brain injury-review of literature and comparison with sample of patients from lishman unit, maudsley hospital
Conclusion The main focus of organic OCD seems to be from disruption to the OFC and basal ganglia but other areas have been implicated as has been reflected in the literature as well as the patients on the Lishman brain injury unit, Maudsley Hospital.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - August 13, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Guillochon, R., Dilley, M. Tags: Genetics, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Epilepsy and seizures, Movement disorders (other than Parkinsons), Neurological injury, Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Trauma CNS / PNS, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics), Source Type: research

Pre-surgical neuropsychiatric evaluation in epilepsy surgery
Conclusion Interictal psychopathology is frequent in patients with refractory Epilepsy: 24–35% develop mood and anxiety disorders and 6% develop psychotic disorders. 18–22% are diagnosed with a personality disorder. The prevalence of these disorders depends on the type of Epilepsy and associated brain lesions psychotic disorders, for instance, are more common in temporal lobe epilepsy. A pre-surgical neuropsychiatric evaluation is essential for the timely diagnosis and treatment of these disorders, which can influence the surgery outcomes and the successful management of the epileptic seizures. A possible assoc...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - August 13, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Silva, B., Barahona-Cornea, B., Barreira, J. Tags: Epilepsy and seizures, Stroke, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Mood disorders (including depression), Personality disorders, Psychotic disorders (incl schizophrenia) MEMBERS ' POSTERS Source Type: research

Delayed and disorganised brain activation detected with magnetoencephalography after mild traumatic brain injury
Conclusions Patients with mTBI showed significant delays in the activation of important areas involved in executive function. Also, more regions of the brain are involved in an apparent compensatory effort. Our study suggests that MEG can detect subtle neural changes associated with cognitive dysfunction and thus, may eventually be useful for capturing and tracking the onset and course of cognitive symptoms associated with mTBI.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - August 13, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: da Costa, L., Robertson, A., Bethune, A., MacDonald, M. J., Shek, P. N., Taylor, M. J., Pang, E. W. Tags: Open access, Neurological injury, Stroke, Trauma CNS / PNS, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Memory disorders (psychiatry), Trauma, Injury Neurosurgery Source Type: research

Vestibular vertigo and comorbid cognitive and psychiatric impairment: the 2008 National Health Interview Survey
Conclusions Our findings indicate that vestibular impairment is associated with increased risk of cognitive and psychiatric comorbidity. The vestibular system is anatomically connected with widespread regions of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and amygdala. Loss of vestibular inputs may lead to impairment of these cognitive and affective circuits. Further longitudinal research is required to determine if these associations are causal.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - March 15, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Bigelow, R. T., Semenov, Y. R., du Lac, S., Hoffman, H. J., Agrawal, Y. Tags: Dementia, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Stroke, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Memory disorders (psychiatry), Ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology Neuropsychiatry Source Type: research

Migraine and its psychiatric comorbidities
In conclusion, a review of the literature demonstrates the wide variety of psychiatric comorbidities with migraine. However, more research is needed to elucidate the neurocircuitry underlying the association between migraine and the comorbid psychiatric conditions and to determine the most effective treatment for migraine with psychiatric comorbidity.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 13, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Minen, M. T., Begasse De Dhaem, O., Kroon Van Diest, A., Powers, S., Schwedt, T. J., Lipton, R., Silbersweig, D. Tags: JNNP Patients' choice, Headache (including migraine), Stroke, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD) Source Type: research

Randomised, waiting list controlled trial of cognitive-behavioural therapy for persistent postconcussional symptoms after predominantly mild-moderate traumatic brain injury
Conclusions This study suggests that CBT can improve quality of life for adults with persistent PCS and potentially reduce symptoms for some, in the context of outpatient brain injury rehabilitation services. Trial registration number ISRCTN49540320.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 12, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Potter, S. D. S., Brown, R. G., Fleminger, S. Tags: Dementia, Neurological injury, Stroke, Trauma CNS / PNS, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Memory disorders (psychiatry), Trauma, Injury Neuropsychiatry Source Type: research

14 Saving Adam from the apple: using transcranial magnetic stimulation as a transdiagnostically relevant tool to decrease cue-reactivity
Professor Hanlon’s scientific research has been to map neural circuit irregularities in substance dependent populations and then modulate these circuits using brain stimulation techniques or neurofeedback. She is leading NIH-funded research directed at longitudinal investigations of neural connectivity in cocaine & alcohol dependent individuals undergoing substance abuse treatment, & developing patient-tailored brain stimulation protocols which may either enhance cognitive control or attenuate craving in treatment seeking individuals. Her trainees & collaborators are pioneering non-invasive neuromodulator...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 14, 2022 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Hanlon, C. A. Tags: Speakers Short Biographies and Abstracts Source Type: research