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Association of underlying untreated cardiovascular risk factors with mortality and functional outcome in ischaemic stroke patients
Stroke is the third leading cause of death after ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and pneumonia in Malaysia.1 Aziz et al. reported that Malaysia's prevalence of ischaemic stroke had increased from 42.8 to 118.7 in 100,000 from 2010 to 2014. The report showed that 8-11% of ischaemic stroke patients died within 30 days while 56-61% survived with significant disability in Malaysia.2 Our previous study showed that patients with ischaemic stroke in Malaysia were younger, but the mortality rate was higher than in other countries.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 19, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Teck Long King, Lee Len Tiong, Zariah Abdul  Aziz, Wan Chung Law Source Type: research

Association of serum uric acid with risk of stroke in US adults: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 1999 –2020
Stroke is the second-most global death cause, only after ischemic heart disease, and third-most contributor to disability1, making it a major therapeutic challenge. More than 100 million individuals worldwide experience stroke every year, of which 795,000 cases are in the United States.2 Therefore, improved preventive strategies are needed; particularly, strategies targeting the modifiable risk factors of stroke, such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia, may help prevent more than approximately 90% of stroke cases.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - June 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Bei Gao, Yun Bao, Min Meng, Lijun Yu, Yali Lu, Rina Sa, Xiaoyan Liang, Jie Shi Source Type: research

Taking the Obesity Paradox to New Heights in Cerebral Atherosclerosis
Obesity typically worsens many of the major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as elevating blood pressure, worsening dyslipidemia, increasing impaired plasma glucose metabolism (leading to metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus), and increasing systemic inflammation, increasing the risk of most CVD, including hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure, atrial fibrillation and cerebrovascular diseases.1 –3 However, in patients with established CVD, many studies published by my colleagues and I and others have demonstrated a consistent paradox, where obese patients with established CVD seem t...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Carl J. Lavie, Salvatore Carbone, Ian J. Neeland Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Infectious Causes of Stroke
Stroke is one of the primary causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. It can be ischemic or hemorrhagic, and the former can be due to an in-situ thrombus or a distant embolus. Despite being a rare cause, stroke can also be caused in the setting of infection. Bacterial agents are the most common cause of stroke, among other infectious agents. Until the antibiotic era, rheumatic heart disease was a predisposing risk factor of infective endocarditis. VZV is the most common cause of strokes in pediatric and adult populations.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 27, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Sireesha Murala, Elanagan Nagarajan, Pradeep C. Bollu Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

An Asian Perspective on Gender Differences in In-Hospital and Long-Term Outcome of Cardiac Mortality and Ischemic Stroke after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Sex and gender-specific differences in cardiovascular disease and outcomes have been a subject of ongoing debate, as differences in clinical course, management and clinical outcomes in ischemic heart disease have been established.1 –3 While in-hospital and longer-term mortality seemed to be decreasing, it has appeared to be a less dramatic improvement in women compared to men.4-7
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 20, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Jinghao Nicholas Ngiam, Elizabeth Hui-en Thong, Poay Huan Loh, Koo Hui Chan, Mark Y Chan, Chi-Hang Lee, Adrian F Low, Huay Cheem Tan, Joshua P Loh, Hui Wen Sim Source Type: research

Motor Function and Activities of Daily Living Recovery after Cardiogenic Internal Carotid Artery Infarction: A Retrospective Cohort study
Although the incidence of cerebral infarction is decreasing worldwide, strokes still occur, and the absolute number of people who die of or from stroke is increasing.1 Clinically, cerebral infarction is classified into cardiogenic, atherosclerotic, lacunar, and other undetermined subtypes.2 As cardiogenic infarction is likely to be associated with a poor prognosis due to heart disease comorbidity,3 its severity is believed to be greater than that of atherosclerotic infarction.4
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 23, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: A retrospective cohort study Yumi Suzuki, Sachiko Tsubakino, Hiromi Fujii Source Type: research

The Joint Association of Septicemia and Cerebrovascular Diseases with In-Hospital MortalityAmong Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Device in the United States
Currently, about 6.2 million adults in the US are reported to have heart failure, and this prevalence is expected to increase by 46% by 2030.1 The prognosis of advanced heart failure especially, advanced systolic heart failure, has improved tremendously with the advent of implantable mechanical circulatory support devices such as left ventricular assist device (LVAD) which is often used as a bridge to heart transplantation or as a destination therapy.2,3 Indeed, LVAD has improved the 1-year survival of patients with advanced heart disease from 52% to about 85%.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Jessica Lovelace, Obadeh Shabaneh, Noah De La Cruz, Damilola R. Owoade, Chike C. Nwabuo, Nandini Nair, Duke Appiah Source Type: research

Inhibitory Effects of P2Y12 Receptor Antagonist on PAR1- and PAR4-AP-Induced Platelet Aggregation in Patients with Stroke or TIA
Platelet aggregation is a key stage in the formation of arterial thrombi, which cause thrombotic events such as stroke or acute coronary syndrome, and is thus employed to evaluate platelet function and reactivity.1-3 Individual differences in platelet aggregation have been reported.4-10 Ethnic differences in platelet aggregation could explain differences in the incidences and outcomes of ischemic heart disease,2 but platelet aggregation has been associated with coronary heart disease in some epidemiological studies,3 whereas not in others.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 22, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Asami Kamada, Mie Shimizu, Kazumasa Oura, Makiko Yoshida, Keisuke Tsuda, Kiyotaka Oi, Yoko Ishigaku, Tatsunori Natori, Shinsuke Narumi, Ryo Itabashi, Tetsuya Maeda, Yasuo Terayama Source Type: research

Red and White Thrombus Characteristics in Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy
Ischemic heart disease and stroke, which are associated with atherosclerosis in the coronary and carotid arteries, accounted for one-third of deaths worldwide.1 The stroke type can be ischemic or hemorrhagic. Hemorrhagic stroke is divided into intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage types. Ischemic stroke occurs because of small vessel occlusion, large artery atherosclerosis, cardiogenic embolism, and other causes.2 Ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) usually arise from unstable carotid lesions, which cause thrombus formation or carotid artery occlusion.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 2, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Hatice Tosun, Suat Kam ışlı, Mehmet Tecellioğlu, Saadet Alan, Fahriye Seçil Tecellioğlu, Mustafa Namık Öztanır, Yüksel Kablan Source Type: research

YouTube as a source of patient information for stroke: A content-quality and an audience engagement analysis
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide following ischemic heart disease, and the fifth in the United States. The video-sharing database, YouTube, is the second most popular visited website with more than 2 billion users, thus it's increasingly being used as a medium for delivering health information.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Tomasz Szmuda, Ahmed Alkhater, Mohammed Albrahim, Eyad Alquraya, Shan Ali, Rakan Al Dunquwah, Pawe ł Słoniewski Source Type: research

Deiodinases, organic anion transporter polypeptide polymorphisms and symptoms of anxiety and depression after ischemic stroke
Mental disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are common after stroke. It was reported, that post-stroke anxiety cumulative incidence reached 57% within the first ten years after stroke was experienced.1 This mental health problem after stroke leads to impaired quality of life1 and poorer activity of daily living.2 Recent meta-analysis established, that the risk of stroke in a person with symptoms of anxiety is even higher compared to the risk of coronary heart disease or heart failure.3 Moreover, anxiety disorder comorbid with symptoms of depression after stroke was associated with increased lethal outcomes.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Saulius Taroza, Daiva Rastenyt ė, Julius Burkauskas, Aurelija Podlipskytė, Nijolė Kažukauskienė, Vaiva Patamsytė, Narseta Mickuvienė Source Type: research

Predictors of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke in Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-based Study
Each year, approximately 0.8 million people are estimated to experience a new or recurrent stroke, according to the 2019 report of the American Heart Association.1 In Malaysia, stroke is the third leading cause of death after ischemic heart disease (IHD) and pneumonia.2 Both obesity and diabetes are considered as the established independent risk factors for ischemic stroke.3 Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was also found to be associated with an increase in all-cause as well as cardiovascular mortality following the stroke,4,5 and in a meta-analysis of 18 studies, patients with diabetes had a higher stroke recurrence as co...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 11, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Orwa Albitar, Sabariah Noor Harun, Nur Ezzati Abidin, Balamurugan Tangiisuran, Hadzliana Zainal, Irene Looi, Khairul Azmi Ibrahim, Norsima Nazifah Sidek, Keat Wei Loo, Keng Yee Lee, Zariah Abdul Aziz, Siti Maisharah Sheikh Ghadzi Source Type: research

Risk factors and pathogenic microorganism characteristics for pneumonia in convalescent patients with stroke: A retrospective study of 380 patients from a rehabilitation hospital
Stroke significantly impacts public health and ranks among the leading causes of death and disabilities, resulting in enormous costs measured in both health care resources and lost productivity. It results primarily from embolus or thrombosis for ischemic stroke and hypertension for hemorrhagic stroke, respectively [1]. In 2016, there were 5.5 million deaths and 116.4 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) owed to stroke [2]. As reported, the impact of stroke on the Chinese population is more severe compared to average global levels, and the prevalence of stroke continues to surpass that of ischemic heart disease [3 –4].
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Jia Xu, Zhiling Yang Source Type: research

Stroke Awareness in Patients with Incident Stroke Compared to Patients without Stroke or Ischemic Heart Disease
Background: Stroke awareness is known to influence treatment seeking and risk reduction behavior, but there is limited data from Sri Lanka and South Asia. Aim: To describe stroke awareness in incident stroke patients and to compare with patients without stroke and/or ischemic heart disease (IHD) in a Sri Lankan tertiary-care center. Methods: We studied awareness of stroke in all incident stroke patients admitted to a tertiary-care center in Sri Lanka and compared with a group of age- and sex-matched patients without stroke and/or IHD, over 2 years.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Udaya Ranawaka, Chamila Mettananda, Chamila Thilakarathna, Anushka Peiris, Anuradhini Kasturiratna, Yasoma Tilakaratna Source Type: research

Acute Psychological Stress is a Trigger for Stroke: A Case-Crossover Study
Conventional risk factors for stroke that have been identified are mostly chronic diseases that explain much of the variation as to who develops stroke. However, these risk factors do not equip us with the means to predict when an event like stroke will occur. It has been observed that acute events like stroke and coronary heart disease are preceded by episodes of acute stress. The present study was undertaken to determine whether acute psychological stress is a potential triggering factor for the occurrence of stroke.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Manya Prasad, Pardeep Khanna, V.K. Katyal, Ramesh Verma Source Type: research

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