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Comment A global coalition for the fight against heart disease and stroke
As political leaders prepare for the third UN High-level Meeting on Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) in 2018, the World Heart Federation (WHF) is bringing together a global coalition of international, regional, and national stakeholders in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) to drive the urgent action needed to combat heart disease and stroke.
Source: LANCET - October 16, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: David Wood, Jean-Luc Eisel é Tags: Comment Source Type: research

Comment Physical activity lowers mortality and heart disease risks
In The Lancet, Scott A Lear and colleagues1 report results from a large cohort of 130  843 participants from 17 countries (including four low-income countries and seven middle-income countries) investigating the beneficial dose-dependent associations of all forms of physical activity with reduced mortality and cardiovascular disease risks.1 This is another confirmation that physica l activity has definite and dose-dependent benefits for lowering risks of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (heart attacks, stroke, and heart failure).
Source: LANCET - September 21, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Shifalika Goenka, I-Min Lee Tags: Comment Source Type: research

Correspondence Risk of mortality and stroke after atrial fibrillation
Jeff Healey and colleagues1 reported that patients with rheumatic heart disease had a lower risk of stroke compared with patients without the disease, and that when risk factors and age were adjusted, their stroke risks were similar, which is contrary to traditional opinion. However, the order of events between rheumatic heart disease and atrial fibrillation might not have been considered properly in this paper. In patients with atrial fibrillation, stroke is mostly caused by red thrombus, whereas verrucous vegetation causes stroke in rheumatic heart disease; generally speaking, old red thrombus is more likely to fall off and cause stroke.
Source: LANCET - March 3, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Zitian Huo Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Articles Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Blood pressure lowering significantly reduces vascular risk across various baseline blood pressure levels and comorbidities. Our results provide strong support for lowering blood pressure to systolic blood pressures less than 130 mm Hg and providing blood pressure lowering treatment to individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
Source: LANCET - December 23, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Dena Ettehad, Connor A Emdin, Amit Kiran, Simon G Anderson, Thomas Callender, Jonathan Emberson, John Chalmers, Anthony Rodgers, Kazem Rahimi Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Correspondence The promise of personalised medicine
I read with great interest the Viewpoint by Victor Dzau and colleagues (May 23, p 2118)1 who suggested that personalised and precision medicine would result in identification of patients at highest risk of six high-prevalence diseases (cancer, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, lung disease, and stroke) and lead to subsequent early prophylactic intervention. The authors also suggested that personalised medicine could lead to substantial cumulative gains (expressed using US$100 000 per quality-adjusted life-year, with a $33 billion gain at a reduced disease incidence of 10% and up to a $607 billion gain at a 50% incid...
Source: LANCET - August 21, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Claude Matuchansky Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Articles Long working hours and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished data for 603 838 individuals
Employees who work long hours have a higher risk of stroke than those working standard hours; the association with coronary heart disease is weaker. These findings suggest that more attention should be paid to the management of vascular risk factors in individuals who work long hours.
Source: LANCET - August 19, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Mika Kivimäki, Markus Jokela, Solja T Nyberg, Archana Singh-Manoux, Eleonor I Fransson, Lars Alfredsson, Jakob B Bjorner, Marianne Borritz, Hermann Burr, Annalisa Casini, Els Clays, Dirk De Bacquer, Nico Dragano, Raimund Erbel, Goedele A Geuskens, Mark H Tags: Articles Source Type: research

This Week in Medicine September 6–12, 2014
The US Preventive Services Task Force has recommended that health-care providers should offer intense behavioural counselling to overweight patients with risk factors for heart disease and stroke, consisting of an individualised diet and exercise plan. However, issues in implementation of this new framework include a lack of time, skill, and available resources.
Source: LANCET - September 5, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: The Lancet Tags: This Week in Medicine Source Type: research

Correspondence Metabolic mediators of body-mass index and cardiovascular risk
The Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases Collaboration reported that nearly half of the excess risk of body-mass index (BMI) on coronary heart disease and three-quarters of that on stroke is mediated through blood pressure, cholesterol, and markers of glycaemia. Although these findings correctly support the idea that the adverse effects of high BMI can be substantially mitigated by targeting its metabolic mediators, the report's results underestimate by about 25% the extent to which these metabolic factors mediate the effects of BMI on cardiovascular risk.
Source: LANCET - June 13, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: David Wormser, Angela M Wood, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Simon G Thompson, John Danesh, for the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Review The Framingham Heart Study and the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease: a historical perspective
On Sept 29, 2013, the Framingham Heart Study will celebrate 65 years since the examination of the first volunteer in 1948. During this period, the study has provided substantial insight into the epidemiology and risk factors of cardiovascular disease. The origins of the study are closely linked to the cardiovascular health of President Franklin D Roosevelt and his premature death from hypertensive heart disease and stroke in 1945. In this Review we describe the events leading to the foundation of the Framingham Heart Study, and provide a brief historical overview of selected contributions from the study.
Source: LANCET - March 14, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Syed S Mahmood, Daniel Levy, Ramachandran S Vasan, Thomas J Wang Tags: Review Source Type: research

Articles Metabolic mediators of the effects of body-mass index, overweight, and obesity on coronary heart disease and stroke: a pooled analysis of 97 prospective cohorts with 1·8 million participants
Interventions that reduce high blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose might address about half of excess risk of coronary heart disease and three-quarters of excess risk of stroke associated with high BMI. Maintenance of optimum bodyweight is needed for the full benefits.
Source: LANCET - March 14, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: The Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases Collaboration (BMI Mediated Effects) Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Editorial Statins for millions more?
Last week, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK unveiled draft guidance on cardiovascular risk assessment and, in particular, on lipid modification for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. In an update to the existing guideline, the new proposal is that the threshold be halved for prescribing statins to prevent cardiovascular disease, which includes coronary heart disease and stroke.
Source: LANCET - February 21, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: The Lancet Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Comment Statins: new American guidelines for prevention of cardiovascular disease
Guidelines released on Nov 13, 2013, by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) for the management of cholesterol are a major step in the right direction. These new guidelines emphasise prevention of stroke as well as heart disease, focus appropriately on statin therapy rather than alternative unproven therapeutic agents, and recognise that more intensive treatment is superior to less intensive treatment for many patients. Furthermore, the new ACC/AHA guidelines show that for individuals in whom statin therapy is clearly indicated (such as those with previous vascular disease or LD...
Source: LANCET - November 30, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Paul M Ridker, Nancy R Cook Tags: Comment Source Type: research

Editorial Salt: friend or foe?
Dietary guidelines advise against the consumption of too much salt. A high intake of sodium causes raised blood pressure—an established risk factor for heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. But how much salt is too much? And could a very low salt intake also be detrimental?
Source: LANCET - May 24, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: The Lancet Tags: Editorial Source Type: research