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Natriuretic peptides and integrated risk assessment for cardiovascular disease: an individual-participant-data meta-analysis
Publication date: Available online 3 September 2016 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Natriuretic Peptides Studies Collaboration Background Guidelines for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases focus on prediction of coronary heart disease and stroke. We assessed whether or not measurement of N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentration could enable a more integrated approach than at present by predicting heart failure and enhancing coronary heart disease and stroke risk assessment. Methods In this individual-participant-data meta-analysis, we generated and harmoni...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - September 2, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Effects of acarbose on cardiovascular and diabetes outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance (ACE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2017 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Rury R Holman, Ruth L Coleman, Juliana C N Chan, Jean-Louis Chiasson, Huimei Feng, Junbo Ge, Hertzel C Gerstein, Richard Gray, Yong Huo, Zhihui Lang, John J McMurray, Lars Rydén, Stefan Schröder, Yihong Sun, Michael J Theodorakis, Michal Tendera, Lynne Tucker, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Yidong Wei, Wenying Yang, Duolao Wang, Dayi Hu, Changyu Pan Background The effect of the α-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance is unknown....
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - September 14, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes following initiation of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors versus other glucose-lowering drugs (CVD-REAL Nordic): a multinational observational analysis
Publication date: Available online 3 August 2017 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Kåre I Birkeland, Marit E Jørgensen, Bendix Carstensen, Frederik Persson, Hanne L Gulseth, Marcus Thuresson, Peter Fenici, David Nathanson, Thomas Nyström, Jan W Eriksson, Johan Bodegård, Anna Norhammar Background In patients with type 2 diabetes and a high cardiovascular risk profile, the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors empagliflozin and canagliflozin have been shown to lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Using real-world data from clinical practice, we aimed to compare cardiovas...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - August 4, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular outcomes with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis
Publication date: Available online 6 December 2017 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): M Angelyn Bethel, Rishi A Patel, Peter Merrill, Yuliya Lokhnygina, John B Buse, Robert J Mentz, Neha J Pagidipati, Juliana C Chan, Stephanie M Gustavson, Nayyar Iqbal, Aldo P Maggioni, Peter Öhman, Neil R Poulter, Ambady Ramachandran, Bernard Zinman, Adrian F Hernandez, Rury R Holman Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are effective glucose-lowering drugs. Findings from cardiovascular outcome trials showed cardiovascular safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists, but results for cardiovascular...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - December 6, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria for prediction of cardiovascular outcomes: a collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data
Publication date: Available online 28 May 2015 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Kunihiro Matsushita , Josef Coresh , Yingying Sang , John Chalmers , Caroline Fox , Eliseo Guallar , Tazeen Jafar , Simerjot K Jassal , Gijs W D Landman , Paul Muntner , Paul Roderick , Toshimi Sairenchi , Ben Schöttker , Anoop Shankar , Michael Shlipak , Marcello Tonelli , Jonathan Townend , Arjan van Zuilen , Kazumasa Yamagishi , Kentaro Yamashita , Ron Gansevoort , Mark Sarnak , David G Warnock , Mark Woodward , Johan Ärnlöv Background The usefulness of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - May 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on cardiovascular events, death, and major safety outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Publication date: Available online 18 March 2016 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Jason H Y Wu, Celine Foote, Juuso Blomster, Tadashi Toyama, Vlado Perkovic, Johan Sundström, Bruce Neal Background In patients with type 2 diabetes, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are known to reduce glucose concentrations, blood pressure, and weight, but to increase LDL cholesterol and the incidence of urogenital infections. Protection against cardiovascular events has also been reported, as have possible increased risks of adverse outcomes such as ketoacidosis and bone fracture. We a...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - March 19, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Development and validation of Risk Equations for Complications Of type 2 Diabetes (RECODe) using individual participant data from randomised trials
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2017 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Sanjay Basu, Jeremy B Sussman, Seth A Berkowitz, Rodney A Hayward, John S Yudkin Background In view of substantial mis-estimation of risks of diabetes complications using existing equations, we sought to develop updated Risk Equations for Complications Of type 2 Diabetes (RECODe). Methods To develop and validate these risk equations, we used data from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes study (ACCORD, n=9635; 2001–09) and validated the equations for microvascular events using data from the Di...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - August 11, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular events and target organ damage in primary aldosteronism compared with essential hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Publication date: Available online 9 November 2017 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Silvia Monticone, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Claudio Moretti, Tracy Ann Williams, Franco Veglio, Fiorenzo Gaita, Paolo Mulatero Background There is conflicting evidence, relying on heterogeneous studies, as to whether aldosterone excess is responsible for an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in patients with primary aldosteronism. We aimed to assess the association between primary aldosteronism and adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, target organ damage, diabetes, and metabolic...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - November 10, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Type 2 diabetes and incidence of cardiovascular diseases: a cohort study in 1·9 million people
This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01804439). Findings Our cohort consisted of 1 921 260 individuals, of whom 1 887 062 (98·2%) did not have diabetes and 34 198 (1·8%) had type 2 diabetes. We observed 113 638 first presentations of cardiovascular disease during a median follow-up of 5·5 years (IQR 2·1–10·1). Of people with type 2 diabetes, 6137 (17·9%) had a first cardiovascular presentation, the most common of which were peripheral arterial disease (reported in 992 [16·2%] of 6137 patients) and heart failure (866 [14·1%] of 6137 patients). Type 2 diabetes was positively associated wi...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - December 5, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular safety of albiglutide in the Harmony programme: a meta-analysis
Publication date: Available online 11 August 2015 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Miles Fisher, Mark C Petrie, Philip D Ambery, Jill Donaldson, John J V McMurray, June Ye Background Albiglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, a new class of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes. We did a prospective meta-analysis of the cardiovascular safety of albiglutide as stipulated by the US Food and Drug Administration recommendations for the assessment of new treatments for diabetes. Methods We did a meta-analysis of eight phase 3 trials and one phase 2b trial in which patients wer...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - August 12, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Association of the magnitude of weight loss and changes in physical fitness with long-term cardiovascular disease outcomes in overweight or obese people with type 2 diabetes: a post-hoc analysis of the Look AHEAD randomised clinical trial
We examined whether the incidence of cardiovascular disease in Look AHEAD varied by changes in weight or fitness. Methods Look AHEAD was a randomised clinical trial done at 16 clinical sites in the USA, recruiting patients from Aug 22, 2001, to April 30, 2004. In the trial, 5145 overweight or obese adults aged 45–76 years with type 2 diabetes were assigned (1:1) to an intensive lifestyle intervention or diabetes support and education. In this observational, post-hoc analysis, we examined the association of magnitude of weight loss and fitness change over the first year with incidence of cardiovascular disease. The primar...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - August 30, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Effects on the incidence of cardiovascular events of the addition of pioglitazone versus sulfonylureas in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin (TOSCA.IT): a randomised, multicentre trial
This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00700856. Findings Between Sept 18, 2008, and Jan 15, 2014, 3028 patients were randomly assigned and included in the analyses. 1535 were assigned to pioglitazone and 1493 to sulfonylureas (glibenclamide 24 [2%], glimepiride 723 [48%], gliclazide 745 [50%]). At baseline, 335 (11%) participants had a previous cardiovascular event. The study was stopped early on the basis of a futility analysis after a median follow-up of 57·3 months. The primary outcome occurred in 105 patients (1·5 per 100 person-years) who were given pioglitazone and 108 (1·5 per 100 person-yea...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - September 14, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cardiometabolic outcomes and mortality in medically treated primary aldosteronism: a retrospective cohort study
Publication date: Available online 9 November 2017 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Gregory L Hundemer, Gary C Curhan, Nicholas Yozamp, Molin Wang, Anand Vaidya Background Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists are the recommended medical therapy for primary aldosteronism. Whether this recommendation effectively reduces cardiometabolic risk is not well understood. We aimed to investigate the risk of incident cardiovascular events in patients with primary aldosteronism treated with MR antagonists compared with patients with essential hypertension. Methods We did a cohort study using patien...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - November 10, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research