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Examining Disparities and Excess Cardiovascular Mortality Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
To investigate the patterns and demographics of cardiovascular (CVD) death and subtypes myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and heart failure (HF) in the pre-COVID-19 era (2018-2019) vs during COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) in the United States.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - July 20, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Scott E. Janus, Mohamed Makhlouf, Nicole Chahine, Issam Motairek, Sadeer G. Al-Kindi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Association of Proton Pump Inhibitors With Higher Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Failure
To examine associations of cumulative exposure to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with total cardiovascular disease (CVD; composed of stroke, coronary heart disease, and heart failure [HF]) and HF alone in a cohort study of White and African American participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - October 1, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Elizabeth J. Bell, Suzette J. Bielinski, Jennifer L. St. Sauver, Lin Y. Chen, Mary R. Rooney, Nicholas B. Larson, Paul Y. Takahashi, Aaron R. Folsom Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Geographic Inequalities in Cardiovascular Mortality in the United States: 1999 to 2018
To evaluate the trends in cardiovascular, ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, and heart failure mortality in the stroke belt in comparison with the rest of the United States.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - April 8, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Vibhu Parcha, Rajat Kalra, Ana F. Best, Nirav Patel, Sarabjeet S. Suri, Thomas J. Wang, Garima Arora, Pankaj Arora Tags: Original article Source Type: research

In reply —Risk Framing in Cardiovascular Medicine I and II
We thank the authors for their insightful comments on our perspective published in the journal.1 We agree with Dr Modarressi1 that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors indeed represent an important new treatment for patients with heart failure. Although we used the trial definition of major adverse cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or stroke) in the text and in the table ’s footnote, we acknowledge that this was a secondary and not a primary end point.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - November 1, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Mohamad Alkhouli, Charanjit S. Rihal Tags: Letter to the editor Source Type: research

Utility of HAS-BLED and CHA2DS2-VASc Scores Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Imaging Evidence of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
To determine the utility of the HAS-BLED (Hypertension, Abnormal renal/liver function, Stroke, Bleeding history or predisposition, Labile international normalized ratio, Elderly, Drugs/alcohol concomitantly) and CHA2DS2-VASc (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age, Diabetes, previous Stroke/transient ischemic attack –VAScular disease) scores among patients on anticoagulation (AC) therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) who have evidence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA).
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - August 19, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Robert Ward, Shiva Ponamgi, Christopher V. DeSimone, Stephen English, David O. Hodge, Joshua P. Slusser, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Alejandro A. Rabinstein, Samuel J. Asirvatham, David Holmes Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Weight and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation —Body Mass Index Variability or Body Mass Gain?
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an emerging global epidemic associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In recent decades, AF prevalence has exponentially risen and is showing no sign of abating. The condition is associated with numerous complications including stroke, heart failure, and all-cause mortality —risks that are evident even in individuals with few comorbidites.1,2 In the Asia-Pacific region, although AF prevalence is lower than that in Western countries, total AF burden is much higher in this region, in part because of larger populations and rising levels of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - January 31, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Celine Gallagher, Melissa E. Middeldorp, Prashanthan Sanders Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

79-Year-Old Man With Shortness of Breath and Fevers
A 79-year old man with a history of myocardial infarction and coronary artery bypass grafting in 2000, biventricular systolic heart failure with an ejection fraction of 27%, hypertension, persistent atrial fibrillation for which he was taking high-dose aspirin given a previous history of hemorrhagic stroke, stage 3 chronic kidney disease, left cerebellar ischemic stroke, and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement 5 years previously presented to his local medical facility with a 2-day history of breathlessness, fevers, and chills.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - November 7, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jaskanwal D. Sara, Megha Prasad, Suraj Kapa Tags: Residents' clinic Source Type: research

CHA2DS2-VASc Score: A Predictor of Thromboembolic Events and Mortality in Patients With an Implantable Monitoring Device Without Atrial Fibrillation
To determine if the CHA2DS2-VASc score (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65-74 years, sex category) predicts thromboembolism and death in patients without atrial fibrillation in a population with implantable cardiac monitoring devices.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - February 28, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Christine Parsons, Salma I. Patel, Stephen Cha, Win-Kuang Shen, Santosh Desai, Alanna M. Chamberlain, Sushil Allen Luis, Maria I. Aguilar, Bart M. Demaerschalk, Farouk Mookadam, Fadi Shamoun Tags: Original article Source Type: research

CHADS Scores as a Predictor of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease
To assess the predictive value of CHADS2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke) scores for stroke risk in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD).
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - December 8, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Yu-Wan Yang, Yi-Hsin Chen, Chia-Chun Hsu, Ching-Chih Lee, Yu-Hung Kuo, Hsun-Yang Chuang, Teng-Fu Hsieh Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Increased Risk of First-Ever Stroke in Younger Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Not Recommended for Antithrombotic Therapy by Current Guidelines: A Population-Based Study in an East Asian Cohort of 22 Million People
To assess the risk of first-ever ischemic stroke in younger patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who have none of the CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke/transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65-74 years, sex category [female sex]) risk factors (excluding female sex) by using the National Health Insurance research database in Taiwan.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - November 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kuan-Cheng Chang, Yu-Chen Wang, Po-Yen Ko, Hung-Pin Wu, Yu-Wei Chen, Chih-Hsin Muo, Fung-Chang Sung, Tsai-Chung Li, Chung Y. Hsu Tags: Original article Source Type: research