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Source: Neuro-Oncology
Condition: Brain Tumor

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Total 22 results found since Jan 2013.

STMC-26. MULTIVALENT CATIONIC LIPOSOMES FOR siRNA TRANSFECTION OF PATIENT DERIVED GLIOMA INITIATING CELLS
Glioma initiating cells (GICs) have been implicated as the root cause of treatment failure and tumor recurrence in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Therapeutic targeting of GICs is therefore essential to ensure effective treatment without relapse. A novel approach to modulate protein expression in cancer cells is the delivery of siRNAs using liposomes. However, past attempts to transfect cells using neutral liposomes have proven challenging and inefficient owing to the highly refractory nature of these cells. We therefore sought to develop a multivalent cationic liposome (MVCL) formulation for efficient and reproducible...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ravi, V., Madhankumar, A. B. Tags: STEM CELLS Source Type: research

NT-09 * CO-DELIVERY OF siRNA AND CHEMOTHERAPY; A NEW APPROACH FOR GBM TREATMENT USING A NANOCARRIERS SYSTEM
Over the past decade, progress in genomics and proteomics has paved the way for identifying promising macromolecular therapeutics including small RNAs, peptides and proteins. Still, the vast majority of leading drugs candidates for the treatment of CNS diseases is ineffective, mainly due to restricted passages across the BBB. Nanoparticles packaging of therapy is of particular interest for its potential to treat brain tumors, due to their ability to transport drugs through the BBB, while improving the performance of drugs by decreasing systemic and local toxicity. We chose GBM known for its poor prognosis, as a model for b...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cohen, Z. R., Peshes-Yeloz, N., Voll, A., Zibly, Z., Peer, D. Tags: NOVEL THERAPEUTICS (CLINICAL AND/OR LABORATORY RESEARCH) Source Type: research

NT-16 * NANOPARTICLE-MEDIATED DELIVERY OF ANTI-Ape1 siRNA SENSITIZES PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR CELLS TO RADIATION THERAPY BY INHIBITING DNA REPAIR
Pediatric brain tumors are the leading cause of death in children, and survival is frequently accompanied by one or more radiation-induced adverse developmental and psychosocial sequelae. Radiotherapy (RT) is an integral component of the treatment for medulloblastoma (MB) and the only effective adjuvant therapy for ependymoma (EP). Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop strategies to enhance the tumoricidal action of RT while sparing adjacent normal tissue. The multifunctional DNA repair protein Ape1/Ref-1 has been implicated in conferring radiation resistance in pediatric brain tumors. However, inhibiting Ape1 acti...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kievit, F., Stephen, Z., Wang, K., Dayringer, C., Ellenbogen, R., Silber, J., Zhang, M. Tags: NOVEL THERAPEUTICS (CLINICAL AND/OR LABORATORY RESEARCH) Source Type: research

P10.06 Oxamate attenuates aerobic glycolysis, motility, viability and proliferation of medulloblastoma but LDHA siRNA does not
Conclusions:It is possible that oxamate inhibits multiple LDH family members as the active site for LDH isoenzymes, comprised of LDHA and LDHB subunits are identical. The results of further investigations will be critical as LDHA may prove to be an inadequate target for MB and a broader LDH family inhibitor or lactate inhibitor may be more appropriate. However these studies, combined with extensive research into the literature, support the concept and provide proof of principle that targeting aerobic glycolysis and lactate production in medulloblastoma is worthwhile therapeutic avenue worth pursuing further.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - September 20, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Valvona, C. J., Pilkington, G. J. Tags: P10 Pediatric brain tumours Source Type: research

AI-16 * HIF-1a INHIBITION BY RNA INTERFERENCE DELIVERED VIA A NOVEL MULTIFUNCTIONAL SURFACTANT ATTENUATES GLIOMA GROWTH IN AN INTRACRANIAL MOUSE MODEL
CONCLUSIONS: Treating glioblastoma with siRNA targeting HIF-1α in vivo can significantly reduce tumor growth and increase survival in an intracranial mouse model. Our novel siRNA carrier improves delivery of this treatment molecule. With further study this might be extended for use in human patients with malignant gliomas.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jensen, R., Gillepsie, D. Tags: ANGIOGENESIS AND INVASION (CLINICAL AND/OR LABORATORY RESEARCH) Source Type: research

Exth-53. stealth lipid nano-encapsulation enables efficacious therapeutic rna interference in malignant glioma
CONCLUSION:This study establishes a versatile, safe, and efficacious translational strategy for nano-encapsulated RNA interference against GBM, with strong potential for multiplexed lipid nano-siRNA therapeutic actions that impede tumor growth and invasion.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhang, P., Yu, D., Han, Y., Wu, M., Lesniak, M. Tags: EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS - PRECLINICAL STUDIES (NON-IMMUNOLOGICAL) Source Type: research

P08.67 Inhibition of MutT homolog 1 (MTH1) in glioblastoma multiforme results in impaired cell migration and tumor growth
Discussion:These results show that MTH1 might play an essential role in both, malignization of glioma and disease progression in recurrent glioblastoma. Moreover, the MTH1 level in patients seems to influence tumor growth and could be targeted by crizotinib indicating a role for potential future therapies.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - September 20, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Timmer, M., Kannampuzha, S. Tags: P08 Glioblastom and Anaplastic gliomas Source Type: research

Rt-40 * the down-regulation of h-ferritin as an adjuvant therapy in human glioma
This study supports the potential of H-ferritin siRNA as an adjuvant therapy in glioma treatment.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pang, M., Liu, X., Madhankumar, A. B., Slagle-Webb, B., Connor, J. Tags: RADIATION THERAPY (CLINICAL AND/OR LABORATORY RESEARCH) Source Type: research

DDIS-06. Ku 70/80 IN GLIOMA - TARGETING WITH APTAMERS
CONCLUSIONS:Certain aptamers appear to readily bind to DNA repair proteins Ku70 and Ku80 and could be used for developing targeted therapy towards glioma. Western and knockdown analysis, confirm the specificity of binding and leads the way for in-vivo testing of aptamers.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Arora, M., Davis, C., Dawson, T., Alder, J., Lawrence, C., Shaw, L. Tags: DRUG DISCOVERY Source Type: research

Cb-19 * pid1, a new growth-inhibitory gene, sensitizes medulloblastoma and glioma cell lines to chemotherapy
CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that PID1 sensitizes glioma and medulloblastoma cell lines to chemotherapy, possibly explaining the correlation between higher PID1 mRNA and longer patient survival. This suggests also that PID1 mimetics may act as chemotherapy sensitizers in brain tumor treatment.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Xu, J., Ren, X., Tran, A., Erdreich-Epstein, A. Tags: CELL BIOLOGY Source Type: research

Cs-22 * mixed lineage kinase signaling is required for glioblastoma cell migration and invasion
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumors are the most deadly of brain tumors due to their diffuse infiltrative nature and tremendous heterogeneity. EGFR signaling is aberrantly activated in most GBM tumors, and clearly contributes to malignancy. However, targeting EGFR directly has been largely unsuccessful, for multiple reasons, including compensatory upregulation of other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Identifying and targeting key common signaling nodes downstream of multiple RTKs that drive invasion may be an effective therapeutic strategy. The Mixed Lineage Kinases (MLKs) are a family of MAP3Ks that activate multiple M...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Misek, S., Chen, J., Gallo, K. Tags: CELL SIGNALING AND SIGNALING PATHWAYS Source Type: research

DN-02 * VULNERABILITY AND R{Gamma}ESISTANCE TO Wee1 INHIBITION IN GBM
Approximately 87% of GBMs have abnormalities in the p53 pathway. In the absence of functional p53, cell cycle G1 checkpoint control is compromised, and proliferative cells become highly reliant on G2 checkpoint control, largely regulated by Wee1 kinase. Activated Wee1 inhibits CDC2 function, thereby promoting G2 cell cycle arrest, preventing cells from entering mitosis in order to repair DNA. In tumor cells with p53 loss of function, inhibitors of Wee1 would heighten DNA damage due to compromised control of both G1 and G2 checkpoints. AZD1775 is a potent and selective small molecule inhibitor of Wee1 kinase, which demonstr...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dhruv, H., Nelson, A., Whitsett, T., Tran, N., Berens, M. Tags: DNA DAMAGE, DNA REPAIR Source Type: research

Sc-36 * reciprocal interaction of pge2 and wnt signaling regulates cancer stem cells in glioblastoma
The concept of oncogene addiction presupposes that cancer cells require certain dominant oncogenic signals for growth and survival. A profound implication of this hypothesis is that antagonizing this crucial pathway should have significant effects on cancer cells, while sparing normal cells that are not similarly addicted. Clinically, the recognition of oncogenes to which a cancer is addicted could have profound resonance for targeted cancer therapy. The Wnt signaling pathway has recently been described to be constitutively activated in a subgroup of glioblastomas. Here, we performed a systematic review of high-throughput ...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wu, M., Nusrat, L., Celebre, A., Bredel, M., Karamchandani, J., Morshead, C., Das, S. Tags: STEM CELLS Source Type: research

Targeting the SMO oncogene by miR-326 inhibits glioma biological behaviors and stemness
Conclusions This work suggests a possible molecular mechanism of the miR- 326/SMO axis, which can be a potential alternative therapeutic pathway for gliomas.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - January 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Du, W., Liu, X., Chen, L., Dou, Z., Lei, X., Chang, L., Cai, J., Cui, Y., Yang, D., Sun, Y., Li, Y., Jiang, C. Tags: Basic and Translational Investigations Source Type: research

VAMP8 facilitates cellular proliferation and temozolomide resistance in human glioma cells
Conclusion Our findings identified VAMP8 as a novel oncogene by promoting cell proliferation and therapeutic resistance in glioma. Targeting VAMP8 may serve as a potential therapeutic regimen for the treatment of glioma.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - February 18, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chen, Y., Meng, D., Wang, H., Sun, R., Wang, D., Wang, S., Fan, J., Zhao, Y., Wang, J., Yang, S., Huai, C., Song, X., Qin, R., Xu, T., Yun, D., Hu, L., Yang, J., Zhang, X., Chen, H., Chen, J., Chen, H., Lu, D. Tags: Basic and Translational Investigations Source Type: research