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Reducing the Blood Pressure-Related Burden of Cardiovascular Disease: Impact of Achievable Improvements in Blood Pressure Prevention and Control Epidemiology
Conclusions Modest population-wide shifts in systolic blood pressure could have a substantial impact on cardiovascular disease incidence and should be developed in parallel with interventions targeting populations with blood pressure above goal.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 27, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hardy, S. T., Loehr, L. R., Butler, K. R., Chakladar, S., Chang, P. P., Folsom, A. R., Heiss, G., MacLehose, R. F., Matsushita, K., Avery, C. L. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Folic Acid Supplementation and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Epidemiology
Conclusions Our meta-analysis indicated a 10% lower risk of stroke and a 4% lower risk of overall CVD with folic acid supplementation. A greater benefit for CVD was observed among participants with lower plasma folate levels and without preexisting CVD and in studies with larger decreases in homocysteine levels. Folic acid supplementation had no significant effect on risk of coronary heart disease.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 14, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Li, Y., Huang, T., Zheng, Y., Muka, T., Troup, J., Hu, F. B. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Diet and Nutrition Epidemiology Source Type: research

Obesity and Subtypes of Incident Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology
BackgroundObesity is a risk factor for various subtypes of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), and stroke. Nevertheless, there are limited comparisons of the associations of obesity with each of these CVD subtypes, particularly regarding the extent to which they are unexplained by traditional CVD mediators.Methods and ResultsWe followed 13 730 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study who had a body mass index ≥18.5 and no CVD at baseline (visit 1, 1987–1989). We compared the association of higher body mass index with incident HF, CHD, a...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - July 27, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ndumele, C. E., Matsushita, K., Lazo, M., Bello, N., Blumenthal, R. S., Gerstenblith, G., Nambi, V., Ballantyne, C. M., Solomon, S. D., Selvin, E., Folsom, A. R., Coresh, J. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology, Obesity Original Research Source Type: research

Local Ancestry and Clinical Cardiovascular Events Among African Americans From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Genetics
ConclusionsFuture studies are needed to replicate and/or determine the causal variants driving our associations and explore clinical applications for those consistently associated with CVEs.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 10, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shendre, A., Irvin, M. R., Wiener, H., Zhi, D., Limdi, N. A., Overton, E. T., Shrestha, S. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology, Race and Ethnicity, Risk Factors, Heart Failure Original Research Source Type: research

Impact of Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy on the Efficacy of Clopidogrel in the CAPRIE and CREDO Trials Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusions In CREDO, the efficacy of clopidogrel was not significantly affected by PPI use. However, in CAPRIE, clopidogrel was beneficial to non-PPI users while apparently harmful to PPI users. Whether this negative interaction is clinically important for patients receiving clopidogrel without aspirin needs further study.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - January 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dunn, S. P., Steinhubl, S. R., Bauer, D., Charnigo, R. J., Berger, P. B., Topol, E. J. Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

Diminished Antioxidant Activity of High-Density Lipoprotein-Associated Proteins in Chronic Kidney Disease Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusions In patients with CKD, decreased serum arylesterase activity, a measure of diminished antioxidant properties of PON-1, predicts higher risk of incident long-term adverse cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke, or death) in multivariable models adjusting for established clinical and biochemical risk factors.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 4, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kennedy, D. J., Wilson Tang, W. H., Fan, Y., Wu, Y., Mann, S., Pepoy, M., Hazen, S. L. Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

Simple Integer Risk Score to Determine Prognosis of Patients With Hypertension and Chronic Stable Coronary Artery Disease Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusion Readily available clinical variables can rapidly stratify patients with hypertension and chronic stable CAD into useful risk categories.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bavry, A. A., Kumbhani, D. J., Gong, Y., Handberg, E. M., Cooper-DeHoff, R. M., Pepine, C. J. Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

Association of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics and Retinal Microvascular Findings: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Epidemiology
Conclusions Few adults had ideal cardiovascular health. Those with the best level of health were less likely to have retinopathy signs, wide retinal venules, and narrow retinal arterioles, which are associated with increased stroke and coronary heart disease risk.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - November 19, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ogagarue, E. R., Lutsey, P. L., Klein, R., Klein, B. E., Folsom, A. R. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Haptoglobin 2-2 Genotype is Not Associated With Cardiovascular Risk in Subjects With Elevated Glycohemoglobin--Results From the Bruneck Study Genetics
Conclusions Subjects with the Hp 2-2 genotype and elevated HbA1c compared with subjects with other Hp genotypes and elevated HbA1c did not show increased CVD risk.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 16, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pechlaner, R., Kiechl, S., Willeit, P., Demetz, E., Haun, M., Weger, S., Oberhollenzer, F., Kronenberg, F., Bonora, E., Weiss, G., Willeit, J. Tags: Genetics Source Type: research

Electrocardiographic Deep Terminal Negativity of the P Wave in V1 and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusion DTNPV1 is predictive of SCD suggesting its potential utility in risk stratification in the general population.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - November 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tereshchenko, L. G., Henrikson, C. A., Sotoodehnia, N., Arking, D. E., Agarwal, S. K., Siscovick, D. S., Post, W. S., Solomon, S. D., Coresh, J., Josephson, M. E., Soliman, E. Z. Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

Meta-Analysis of Intracranial Hemorrhage in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Outcomes Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusions In patients with NSTE ACS enrolled in recent clinical trials of antithrombotic therapies, ICH was uncommon. Patients with older age, prior transient ischemic attack/stroke, higher systolic blood pressure, or larger number of antithrombotic agents were at increased risk. One-third of patients with ICH died. These data may be useful to trialists and data and safety monitoring committees for trial conduct and monitoring. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifiers: TRACER: NCT00527943, PLATO: NCT00391872, APPRAISE-2: NCT00831441, TRILOGY ACS: NCT00699998.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - June 18, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mahaffey, K. W., Hager, R., Wojdyla, D., White, H. D., Armstrong, P. W., Alexander, J. H., Tricoci, P., Lopes, R. D., Ohman, E. M., Roe, M. T., Harrington, R. A., Wallentin, L. Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Cardiovascular Risk: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 22 Prospective Studies Epidemiology
Conclusions Available prospective studies suggest associations between circulating ADMA concentration and CVD outcomes under a broad range of circumstances. Further research is needed to better clarify these associations, particularly in large general population studies.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 28, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Willeit, P., Freitag, D. F., Laukkanen, J. A., Chowdhury, S., Gobin, R., Mayr, M., Di Angelantonio, E., Chowdhury, R. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Folic Acid Supplementation and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Epidemiology
BackgroundResults from observational and genetic epidemiological studies suggest that lower serum homocysteine levels are associated with lower incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Numerous randomized controlled trials have investigated the efficacy of lowering homocysteine with folic acid supplementation for CVD risk, but conflicting results have been reported.Methods and ResultsThree bibliographic databases (Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched from database inception until December 1, 2015. Of the 1933 references reviewed for eligibility, 30 randomized controlled trials i...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 14, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Li, Y., Huang, T., Zheng, Y., Muka, T., Troup, J., Hu, F. B. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Diet and Nutrition Original Research Source Type: research

Comparison of Carotid Plaque Score and Coronary Artery Calcium Score for Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Epidemiology
BackgroundCoronary artery calcium (CAC) predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) events better than carotid wall plaque presence; however, differences in the utility of CAC burden and carotid plaque burden across the spectrum of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events is unknown.Methods and ResultsCVD, CHD and stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) events were evaluated prospectively in a multiethnic cohort without CVD at baseline. Carotid plaque score was determined by the number of ultrasound‐detected plaques in the common, bifurcation, and internal carotid artery segments. CAC was detected by computed tomography. Predictive ...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - February 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gepner, A. D., Young, R., Delaney, J. A., Budoff, M. J., Polak, J. F., Blaha, M. J., Post, W. S., Michos, E. D., Kaufman, J., Stein, J. H. Tags: Epidemiology, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Computerized Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Original Research Source Type: research

Dynamic TIMI Risk Score for STEMI Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusions This score is a prospectively derived, validated means of estimating 1-year mortality of STEMI at hospital discharge and can serve as a clinically useful tool. By incorporating events during the index hospitalization, it can better define risk and help to guide treatment decisions.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - January 29, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Amin, S. T., Morrow, D. A., Braunwald, E., Sloan, S., Contant, C., Murphy, S., Antman, E. M. Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

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