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Long-term exposure to PM and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
The objective of this review is to support the derivation of updated guidelines by the World Health Organization (WHO) by performing a systematic review of evidence of associations between long-term exposure to particulate matter with diameter under 2.5 µm (PM2.5) and particulate matter with diameter under 10 µm (PM10), in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality. As there is especially uncertainty about the relationship at the low and high end of the exposure range, the review needed to provide an indication of the shape of the concentration-response function (CRF). We systematically searched MEDLINE and EMB...
Source: Environment International - July 19, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Chen J, Hoek G Tags: Environ Int Source Type: research

Cause-specific premature death from ambient PM2.5 exposure in India: Estimate adjusted for baseline mortality.
Abstract In India, more than a billion population is at risk of exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration exceeding World Health Organization air quality guideline, posing a serious threat to health. Cause-specific premature death from ambient PM2.5 exposure is poorly known for India. Here we develop a non-linear power law (NLP) function to estimate the relative risk associated with ambient PM2.5 exposure using satellite-based PM2.5 concentration (2001-2010) that is bias-corrected against coincident direct measurements. We show that estimate of annual premature death in India is lower by 14...
Source: Environment International - April 13, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Chowdhury S, Dey S Tags: Environ Int Source Type: research

Long-term trends and health impact of PM2.5 and O3 in Tehran, Iran, 2006-2015.
Abstract The main objectives of this study were (1) investigation of the temporal variations of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ground level ozone (O3) concentrations in Tehran megacity, the capital and most populous city in Iran, over a 10-year period from 2006 to 2015, and (2) estimation of their long-term health effects including all-cause and cause-specific mortality. For the first goal, the data of PM2.5 and O3 concentrations, measured at 21 regulatory monitoring network stations in Tehran, were obtained and the temporal trends were investigated. The health impact assessment of PM2.5 and O3 was pe...
Source: Environment International - February 21, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Faridi S, Shamsipour M, Krzyzanowski M, Künzli N, Amini H, Azimi F, Malkawi M, Momeniha F, Gholampour A, Hassanvand MS, Naddafi K Tags: Environ Int Source Type: research

Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and ozone and hospital admissions of Medicare participants in the Southeast USA.
We examined the association between average annual fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone and first hospital admissions of Medicare participants for stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, myocardial infarction (MI), lung cancer, and heart failure (HF). Annual average PM2.5 and ozone levels were estimated using high-resolution spatio-temporal models. We fit a marginal structural Cox proportional hazards model, using stabilized inverse probability weights (IPWs) to account for the competing risk of death and confounding. Analyses were then repeated after restricting to exposure levels below the c...
Source: Environment International - June 21, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Danesh Yazdi M, Wang Y, Di Q, Zanobetti A, Schwartz J Tags: Environ Int Source Type: research

What drives long-term PM < sub > 2.5 < /sub > -attributable premature mortality change? A case study in central China using high-resolution satellite data from 2003 to 2018
Environ Int. 2022 Feb 5;161:107110. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107110. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAmbient PM2.5 was reported to be related to numerous negative health outcomes, leading to adverse public health impacts in many countries such as China. Despite the apparent reduction in PM2.5 levels over China due to its emission control policies in recent years, the health burdens were not reduced as much as expected. This calls for a comprehensive analysis to explain the reasons behind to provide a useful reference for formulating effective emission control strategies. Taking central China as an example due to its large ...
Source: Environment International - February 8, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Qingqing He Yefu Gu Steve Hung Lam Yim Source Type: research