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Characterization of Astrocytes in the Minocycline-Administered Mouse Photothrombotic Ischemic Stroke Model
In this study, we used a mouse photothrombotic ischemic stroke model to examine the characteristics of astrocytes after the administration of minocycline during ischemic stroke. Minocycline increased astrocyte reactivity and affected the localization of astrocytes in the penumbra region. Molecular characterization revealed that the induced expression of mRNA encoding the fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) by photothrombosis was enhanced by the minocycline administration. Meanwhile, minocycline did not significantly affect the phenotype or class of astrocytes. The expression of Fabp7 mRNA was well correlated with that of ...
Source: Neurochemical Research - July 30, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mari Kondo Haruka Okazaki Kei Nakayama Hirofumi Hohjoh Kimie Nakagawa Eri Segi-Nishida Hiroshi Hasegawa Source Type: research

Autophagy Inhibition by ATG3 Knockdown Remits Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Injury and Inflammation in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells
In conclusion, autophagy inhibition by ATG3 knockdown remitted OGD/R-induced injury and inflammation in brain microvascular endothelial cells via activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.PMID:34379294 | DOI:10.1007/s11064-021-03423-w
Source: Neurochemical Research - August 11, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhaolong Peng Daofei Ji Lukuan Qiao Yuedong Chen Hongjuan Huang Source Type: research

Effects of Diclofenac Versus Meloxicam in Pentylenetetrazol-Kindled Mice.
Abstract Epilepsy comes after stroke as the most common chronic neurological disorder worldwide. Inflammation enhances neuronal hyperexcitability that could provide a background setting for the development of epilepsy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of valproate (VAL), diclofenac (DIC), meloxicam (MEL), VAL + MEL and VAL + DIC in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindled mice. Seventy mice were randomly allocated into 7 equal groups; Control, PTZ, VAL, DIC, MEL, VAL + MEL and VAL + DIC groups. Kindling was induced by PTZ (40 mg/kg, i.p.) injection every other day for 17 days. The drugs were...
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 12, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Elgarhi R, Shehata MM, Abdelsameea AA, Salem AE Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Up-regulation of VCAM1 Relates to Neuronal Apoptosis After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Adult Rats.
Abstract Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) is a member of the Immunoglobulin superfamily and encodes a cell surface sialoglycoprotein expressed in cytokine-activated endothelium. This type I membrane protein mediates leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion, facilitates the downstream signaling, and may play a role in the development of artherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that VCAM1 exerts an anti-apoptotic effect in several tumor tissues such as ovarian cancer and breast cancer. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of stroke with high mo...
Source: Neurochemical Research - April 14, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhang D, Yuan D, Shen J, Yan Y, Gong C, Gu J, Xue H, Qian Y, Zhang W, He X, Yao L, Ji Y, Shen A Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Apigenin Mediated Protection of OGD-Evoked Neuron-Like Injury in Differentiated PC12 Cells.
Abstract Ischemic stroke has been confirmed to cause neuronal injury due to its insufficient supply of glucose and oxygen to brain tissue. Previous research has shown that oxidative stress, a result of excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), relates to pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, and causes oxidative damage to biomolecules, eventually leading to programmed cell death. Meanwhile, apigenin has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer properties and neuroprotective action. Hence, this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the neural protection o...
Source: Neurochemical Research - September 11, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Guo H, Kong S, Chen W, Dai Z, Lin T, Su J, Li S, Xie Q, Su Z, Xu Y, Lai X Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Pretreatment by Evodiamine is Neuroprotective in Cerebral Ischemia: Up-Regulated pAkt, pGSK3β, Down-Regulated NF-κB Expression, and Ameliorated BBB Permeability.
Abstract Inflammatory damage plays an important role in cerebral ischemic pathogenesis and may represent a target for treatment. Evodiamine (Evo) has been proved to elicit a variety of biological effects through its anti-inflammatory property in the treatment of infectious disease, Alzheimer's disease and hypoxia-induced inflammatory response. Whether this protective effect applies to cerebral ischemic injury, we therefore investigated the potential neuroprotective role of Evo and the underlying mechanisms. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 12, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhao T, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Bai X, Zhang J, Zhao X, Chen L, Wang L, Cui L Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Down-Regulation of miRNA-30a Alleviates Cerebral Ischemic Injury Through Enhancing Beclin 1-Mediated Autophagy.
In this study, the effects of miRNA-30a on ischemic injury in N2A cells and cultured cortical neurons after oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD), and mouse brain with MCAO-induced ischemic stroke were evaluated. The results showed that miRNA-30a expression levels were up regulated in the brain of mice after 6 h MCAO without reperfusion, but significantly down regulated in the peri-infarct region of mice with 1 h MCAO/24 h reperfusion and in N2A cells after 1 h OGD/6-48 h reoxygenation. Both the conversion ratio of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II/LC3-I and Beclin 1 protein level increased in N2A cel...
Source: Neurochemical Research - April 26, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wang P, Liang J, Li Y, Li J, Yang X, Zhang X, Han S, Li S, Li J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Impact of Carotid Atherosclerosis Combined with Hypercholesterolemia on Cerebral Microvessels and Brain Parenchyma in a New Complex Rat Model.
The objective of this study was to develop a new model of hypercholesterolemia plus carotid injury and to investigate the impact of carotid atherosclerosis combined with hypercholesterolemia in the rat brain. The complex rat model was developed by carotid injury induced by an air-drying endothelial denudation method after high cholesterol diet for 2 weeks. Plasma cholesterol, carotid pathomorphology, oxidative stress and inflammation in cerebral microvessels and brain parenchyma were measured at 7, 14 and 28 days after carotid surgery. The results showed that plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and low density lip...
Source: Neurochemical Research - January 29, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhang L, Ya B, Yang P, Sun F, Zhang L, Li Y, Li L Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Candesartan Reduces the Hemorrhage Associated with Delayed Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment in Rat Embolic Stroke.
Abstract We have previously reported that angiotensin receptor blockade reduces reperfusion hemorrhage in a suture occlusion model of stroke, despite increasing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) activity. We hypothesized that candesartan will also decrease hemorrhage associated with delayed (6 h) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administration after embolic stroke, widening the therapeutic time window of tPA. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (eMCAO) and treated with either candesartan (1 mg/kg) alone early at 3 h, delayed tPA (10 mg/kg) alone at 6 h, the combi...
Source: Neurochemical Research - November 6, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ishrat T, Pillai B, Ergul A, Hafez S, Fagan SC Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research