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Interleukin-6 Stimulates Defective Angiogenesis
The cytokine IL6 has a number of tumor-promoting activities in human and experimental cancers, but its potential as an angiogenic agent has not been fully investigated. Here, we show that IL6 can directly induce vessel sprouting in the ex vivo aortic ring model, as well as endothelial cell proliferation and migration, with similar potency to VEGF. However, IL6-stimulated aortic ring vessel sprouts had defective pericyte coverage compared with VEGF-stimulated vessels. The mechanism of IL6 action on pericytes involved stimulation of the Notch ligand Jagged1 as well as angiopoietin2 (Ang2). When peritoneal xenografts of ovari...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gopinathan, G., Milagre, C., Pearce, O. M. T., Reynolds, L. E., Hodivala-Dilke, K., Leinster, D. A., Zhong, H., Hollingsworth, R. E., Thompson, R., Whiteford, J. R., Balkwill, F. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Source Type: research

Abstract 4162: Interleukin-6 stimulates defective angiogenesis
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of IL-6 in normal and tumour angiogenesis. In previous studies we found that elevated levels of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6, IL-6, were linked with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer patients by influencing tumour growth, invasion, angiogenesis and chemo-resistance. A clinical trial conducted in parallel with pre-clinical studies showed an anti-IL-6 antibody to have some activity in ovarian cancer patients and in xenograft models, with systemic and local reduction in pro-inflammatory and angiogenic factors such as TNF, IL-8 and VEGF.IL-6 directly induced vessel...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gopinathan, G., Milagre, C., Pearce, O. M. T., Reynolds, L., Hodivala-Dilke, K., Leinster, A., Zhong, H., Hollingsworth, R. E., Thompson, R., Whiteford, J. R., Balkwill, F. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Connecting Metainflammation and Neuroinflammation Through the PTN-MK-RPTP β/ζ Axis: Relevance in Therapeutic Development
Conclusion The expression of the components of the PTN-MK-RPTPβ/ζ axis in immune cells and in inflammatory diseases suggests important roles for this axis in inflammation. Pleiotrophin has been recently identified as a limiting factor of metainflammation, a chronic pathological state that contributes to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Pleiotrophin also seems to potentiate acute neuroinflammation independently of the inflammatory stimulus while MK seems to play different -even opposite- roles in acute neuroinflammation depending on the stimulus. Which are the functions of MK and PTN in chronic neuroi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research