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Total 83 results found since Jan 2013.

Top 20 Research Studies of 2022 for Primary Care Physicians
This article summarizes the top 20 research studies of 2022 identified as POEMs (patient-oriented evidence that matters), excluding COVID-19. Statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease produce only a small absolute reduction in a person's likelihood of dying (0.6%), having a myocardial infarction (0.7%), or having a stroke (0.3%) over three to six years. Supplemental vitamin D does not reduce the risk of a fragility fracture, even in people with low baseline vitamin D levels or a previous fracture. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are preferred medical therapy for panic disorder, and patients who disco...
Source: American Family Physician - April 13, 2023 Category: Primary Care Authors: Roland Grad Mark H Ebell Source Type: research

An Evidence-Based Review of Vitamin D for Common and High-Mortality Conditions
Conclusion: Prospective studies of vitamin D supplementation demonstrate variable impact on disease specific and patient-oriented outcomes, suggesting a correlation but not a causal relationship between low vitamin D levels and disease pathogenicity. Future research should determine dosing standards and timing of vitamin D in treatment and prevention.
Source: Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine - December 23, 2022 Category: Primary Care Authors: Michael, W., Couture, A. D., Swedlund, M., Hampton, A., Eglash, A., Schrager, S. Tags: Clinical Review Source Type: research

Assessment of National Program for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, CVD and Stroke (NPCDCS): An observational study in rural Jaipur, Rajasthan
CONCLUSION: The study concludes that the implementation of NPCDCS program activities is not in synch with the health staff awareness level. IEC activities were deficient and no work was done for adoption of behavioural change and healthy lifestyle. Actual cases of hypertension were more while cases of diabetes were less than the reported cases found on cross-check survey.PMID:36387714 | PMC:PMC9648218 | DOI:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2281_21
Source: Primary Care - November 17, 2022 Category: Primary Care Authors: Sadhana Meena Monika Rathore Ajay Gupta Pragya Kumawat Arpit Singh Source Type: research

The effect of menopausal hormone therapy on the risk of melanoma and keratinocyte skin cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
The re-analysis of Women's Health Initiative and the publication of data emerging from recent clinical trials data have restored the initial decline in the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), due to adverse events, such as stroke and pulmonary embolism [1,2]. Nowadays, an increasing number of women treat their menopausal symptoms with hormonal therapies, which exhibit a better safety profile. However, the association of MHT with cancer development remains a potent drawback, with breast and endometrial cancer being the most frequently reported neoplasms [3,4].
Source: Maturitas - November 4, 2022 Category: Primary Care Authors: Konstantinos Lallas, Panagiotis Anagnostis, Patroklos Theocharis, Eirini Boureka, Athanasios Kyrgidis, Eleftherios Klonos, Georgios Papazisis, Zoe Apalla, Aimilios Lallas, Efstratios Vakirlis Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Nearly All Cancer Survivors Return to Primary Care
Conclusion: These findings underscore the urgent need for smooth handoffs from oncology back to primary care.
Source: Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine - July 27, 2022 Category: Primary Care Authors: Pinheiro, L. C., Rajan, M., Safford, M. M., Nanus, D. M., Kern, L. M. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

A cross sectional study to assess tobacco use and its correlates among patients attending non-communicable disease clinics of a Northern Jurisdiction in India
CONCLUSION: Higher tobacco use among the NCD clinic attendees with increasing age predisposes them to develop grave complications. This calls for the need to administer intensive behaviour change interventions for tobacco cessation at the existing NCD clinics. This could further strengthen existing health systems and thereby improving health outcomes followed by achieving Sustainable Development Goals.PMID:34660424 | PMC:PMC8483119 | DOI:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2471_20
Source: Primary Care - October 18, 2021 Category: Primary Care Authors: Garima Bhatt Sonu Goel Sandeep Grover Nirlep Kaur Sandeep Singh Source Type: research

Optimizing the impact of health and related programmes / policies to address the issue of Childhood Obesity in India----A narrative review
J Family Med Prim Care. 2021 Apr;10(4):1554-1561. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2008_20. Epub 2021 Apr 29.ABSTRACTNon-communicable diseases are already acknowledged as a double burden, and now childhood obesity is putting extra strain on our health system. The current paper aimed to analyze the ongoing health and related programmes/policies in India, and we discussed the existing opportunities in the programmes to address the issue of childhood obesity in India. We searched the "MEDLINE," "PsycINFO," "Scopus," "Web of Science," and "Google Scholar" databases using the following keywords: ("overweight") and ("obesity"), ("childh...
Source: Primary Care - June 14, 2021 Category: Primary Care Authors: Om Prakash Bera Sheikh Mohd Saleem Dhananjay Kumar Singh Ozden Gokdemir Shailesh Tripathi Nishantadeb Ghatak Md Mahbub Hossain Sudip Bhattacharya Source Type: research

Brain metastasis in a patient with multiple malignancies
Brain metastases originate from other primary cancers within the body, most commonly lung, breast, and melanoma. Because patients with brain metastasis, stroke, or intracranial hemorrhage may present with similar acute neurologic symptoms, clinicians must have a high suspicion for brain metastasis and perform an immediate workup to rule out life-threatening conditions. This case report focuses on the clinical symptoms, diagnostics, and treatment options for brain metastasis in a patient with multiple malignancies.
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants - February 1, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Targeted Cancer Therapies.
Abstract Targeted cancer therapies involve chemotherapeutic agents that attack, directly or indirectly, a specific genetic biomarker found in a given cancer. Targeted oncology includes monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and immunotherapy. For example, the monoclonal antibodies trastuzumab and pertuzumab target human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and are used when treating HER2-positive breast cancer. Although targeted oncology has improved survival by years for some incurable cancers such as metastatic breast and lung cancer, as few as 8% of patients with advanc...
Source: American Family Physician - January 30, 2021 Category: Primary Care Authors: Smith CEP, Prasad V Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research

Dysphagia: Evaluation and Collaborative Management.
Abstract Dysphagia is common but may be underreported. Specific symptoms, rather than their perceived location, should guide the initial evaluation and imaging. Obstructive symptoms that seem to originate in the throat or neck may actually be caused by distal esophageal lesions. Oropharyngeal dysphagia manifests as difficulty initiating swallowing, coughing, choking, or aspiration, and it is most commonly caused by chronic neurologic conditions such as stroke, Parkinson disease, or dementia. Symptoms should be thoroughly evaluated because of the risk of aspiration. Patients with esophageal dysphagia may report a s...
Source: American Family Physician - January 15, 2021 Category: Primary Care Authors: Wilkinson JM, Codipilly DC, Wilfahrt RP Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research

Educational interventions on nutrition among older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Unhealthy food habits are associated with non-communicable diseases (NCD) [1 –3] and nutritional deficiencies [4]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) [5], more than half of all deaths were due to ten main causes, with the leading killers being ischaemic heart disease and stroke. Diets characterized by a low intake of fruit and vegetable (FV) and fibre increas e the risk of hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), gastrointestinal cancers, nutritional deficiencies, pancreatic diseases, depression and the development of cognitive impairment and dementia [4–7].
Source: Maturitas - March 18, 2020 Category: Primary Care Authors: Felix Jesus Neves, Luciana Yuki Tomita, Angela Sun Li Wu Liu, Solange Andreoni, Luiz Roberto Ramos Source Type: research

Anticoagulation: Updated Guidelines for Outpatient Management.
Abstract Anticoagulation therapy is recommended for preventing, treating, and reducing the recurrence of venous thromboembolism, and preventing stroke in persons with atrial fibrillation. Direct oral anticoagulants are first-line agents for eligible patients for treating venous thromboembolism and preventing stroke in those with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Vitamin K antagonists are recommended for patients with mechanical valves and valvular atrial fibrillation. Vitamin K antagonists inhibit the production of vitamin K-related factors and require a minimum of five days overlap with parenteral anticoagulants, ...
Source: American Family Physician - September 30, 2019 Category: Primary Care Authors: Wigle P, Hein B, Bernheisel CR Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research