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ICAM-1 and VCAM-1: gatekeepers in various inflammatory and cardiovascular disorders
Clin Chim Acta. 2023 Jul 11:117487. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117487. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLeukocyte migration from the vascular compartment is critical fornormal lymphocyte recirculation in specific tissues and immune response in inflammatory locations. Leukocyte recruitment, migration to inflammatory areas, and targeting in the extravascular space are caused by cellular stimulation and local expression of adhesion molecules. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules with a crucial role in mediating t...
Source: Atherosclerosis - July 13, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Varinder Singh Rupinder Kaur Pratima Kumari Chirag Pasricha Ravinder Singh Source Type: research

Glutathione: A Samsonian life-sustaining small molecule that protects against oxidative stress, ageing and damaging inflammation
Front Nutr. 2022 Nov 1;9:1007816. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1007816. eCollection 2022.ABSTRACTMany local and systemic diseases especially diseases that are leading causes of death globally like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atherosclerosis with ischemic heart disease and stroke, cancer and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), involve both, (1) oxidative stress with excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lower glutathione (GSH) levels, and (2) inflammation. The GSH tripeptide (γ- L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine), the most abundant w...
Source: Atherosclerosis - November 17, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Carlos A Labarrere Ghassan S Kassab Source Type: research

Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) in vascular inflammatory diseases
Vasa. 2022 Oct 6. doi: 10.1024/0301-1526/a001031. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACT Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) also known as amino oxidase copper containing 3 (AOC3) is a pro-inflammatory and versatile molecule with adhesive and enzymatic properties. VAP-1 is a primary amine oxidase belonging to the semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) family, which catalyzes the oxidation of primary amines leading to the production of ammonium, formaldehyde, methylglyoxal, and hydrogen peroxide. VAP-1 is mainly expressed by endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, adipocytes and pericytes. It is involved in a repertoire of bi...
Source: Atherosclerosis - October 6, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Marianna Danielli Roisin Clare Thomas Lauren Marie Quinn Bee Kang Tan Source Type: research

The Bioactivities of Phycocyanobilin from Spirulina
J Immunol Res. 2022 Jun 11;2022:4008991. doi: 10.1155/2022/4008991. eCollection 2022.ABSTRACTPhycocyanobilin (PCB) is a linear open-chain tetrapyrrole chromophore that captures and senses light and a variety of biological activities, such as anti-oxidation, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory. In this paper, the biological activities of PCB are reviewed, and the related mechanism of PCB and its latest application in disease treatment are introduced. PCB can resist oxidation by scavenging free radicals, inhibiting the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, and delaying the activity of antiox...
Source: Atherosclerosis - June 21, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yi Li Source Type: research