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Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
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Total 40 results found since Jan 2013.

Enzyme-sensitive nanoparticles, smart TAT and cetuximab conjugated immunoliposomes to overcome multidrug resistance in breast cancer cells
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 18:115989. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.115989. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDue to recent advances in the field of small molecule-based drugs, designing an efficient siRNA delivery system seems essential. Here, modified sets of lipids conjugated with cell-penetrating TAT peptide, MMP2 enzyme-sensitive moiety, and cetuximab antibodies against the EGF receptor were synthesized, purified and verified on HPLC, TLC, SEM, and DLS analyses. Different cellular and molecular experiments were designed to evaluate the transfection efficiency, targeting properties, and functions, including cytotoxicity a...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - March 22, 2022 Category: Toxicology Authors: Mohsen Safaei Pegah Khosravian Sedighe Kazemi Sheykhshabani Gashtasb Mardani Fatemeh Elahian Seyed Abbas Mirzaei Source Type: research

Epigenetic silencing of miR-218 by the lncRNA CCAT1, acting via BMI1, promotes an altered cell cycle transition in the malignant transformation of HBE cells induced by cigarette smoke extract.
Abstract Cigarette smoking is the strongest risk factor for the development of lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to lung cancer are largely unknown. A long-noncoding RNA (lncRNA), CCAT1, regarded as cancer-associated, has been investigated extensively. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) induced by cigarette smoke remain unclear. In the present investigation, cigarette smoke extract (CSE) caused an altered cell cycle and increased CCAT1 levels and decreased miR-218 levels in human bronchial epithelial (HB...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - May 18, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Lu L, Xu H, Luo F, Liu X, Lu X, Yang Q, Xue J, Chen C, Shi L, Liu Q Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

MST2 silencing induces apoptosis and inhibits tumor growth for estrogen receptor alpha-positive MCF-7 breast cancer.
Abstract Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1/2 (MST1/2) plays an important role in cell growth and apoptosis and functions as a tumor suppressor. Previously, we showed that MST2 overexpression activates Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in the absence of a ligand. Here, we examined the role of MST2 in the growth of ER-positive MCF-7 cells. Cell cycle, apoptosis, and mammosphere formation assay method were implemented to detect the biological effects of MST2 ablation on the growth of MCF-7 cells in vitro. The effect of MST2-siRNA on MCF-7 cells tumor growth in vivo was studied in tumo...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - September 28, 2020 Category: Toxicology Authors: Park J, Kim GH, Lee J, Phuong BTC, Kong B, Won JE, Won GW, Lee YH, Han HD, Lee Y Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

The inhibitory and combinative mechanism of HZ08 with P-glycoprotein expressed on the membrane of Caco-2 cell line.
In conclusion, as a P-glycoprotein substrate, HZ08 inhibited P-glycoprotein activity and may share the same binding site of verapamil to P-glycoprotein. PMID: 24321342 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - December 6, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Zhang Y, Hu Y, Feng Y, Darshika KN, Fang W, Li Y, Huang W Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Glucocorticoid Induced Leucine Zipper inhibits apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by doxorubicin.
Abstract Doxorubicin (Dox) is an indispensable chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of various forms of neoplasia such as lung, breast, ovarian, and bladder cancers. Cardiotoxicity is a major concern for patients receiving Dox therapy. Previous work from our laboratory indicated that glucocorticoids (GCs) alleviate Dox-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Here we have found Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper (GILZ) to be a mediator of GC-induced cytoprotection. GILZ was found to be induced in cardiomyocytes by GC treatment. Knocking down of GILZ using siRNA resulted in cancelation of GC-induced cytoprotecti...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - January 28, 2014 Category: Toxicology Authors: Aguilar D, Strom J, Chen QM Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Posttranscriptional silencing of the lncRNA MALAT1 by miR-217 inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition via enhancer of zeste homolog 2 in the malignant transformation of HBE cells induced by cigarette smoke extract.
Abstract Lung cancer is regarded as the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and cigarette smoking is one of the strongest risk factors for the development of lung cancer. However, the mechanisms for cigarette smoke-induced lung carcinogenesis remain unclear. The present study investigated the effects of an miRNA (miR-217) on levels of an lncRNA (MALAT1) and examined the role of these factors in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. In these cells, CSE caused decreases of miR-217 levels and increases in lncRNA MALAT1 level...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - September 25, 2015 Category: Toxicology Authors: Lu L, Luo F, Liu Y, Liu X, Shi L, Lu X, Liu Q Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Involvement of m6A regulatory factor IGF2BP1 in malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells induced by tobacco carcinogen NNK
This study therefore contributes novel insights into the environmental pathogenesis of lung cancer and the gene regulatory mechanisms of chemical carcinogenesis.PMID:34974052 | DOI:10.1016/j.taap.2021.115849
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - January 2, 2022 Category: Toxicology Authors: Jiaxin Zhou Rui Xiong Jiazhen Zhou Xinchao Guan Guanqing Jiang Yuyang Chen Qiaoyuan Yang Source Type: research

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition in arsenic-transformed cells promotes angiogenesis through activating β-catenin-vascular endothelial growth factor pathway.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of arsenic-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells that underwent EMT on angiogenesis and the underlying mechanism. It was found that the conditioned medium from arsenic-transformed cells strongly stimulated tube formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Moreover, enhanced angiogenesis was detected in mouse xenograft tumor tissues resulting from inoculation of arsenic-transformed cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that β-catenin was activated in arsenic-transformed cells up-regulating its target gene expression including angiogenic-stimula...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - April 30, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Wang Z, Humphries B, Xiao H, Jiang Y, Yang C Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Teroxirone inhibited growth of human non-small cell lung cancer cells by activating p53.
Abstract In this work, we demonstrated that the growth of human non-small-cell-lung-cancer cells H460 and A549 cells can be inhibited by low concentrations of an epoxide derivative, teroxirone, in both in vitro and in vivo models. The cytotoxicity was mediated by apoptotic cell death through DNA damage. The onset of ultimate apoptosis is dependent on the status of p53. Teroxirone caused transient elevation of p53 that activates downstream p21 and procaspase-3 cleavage. The presence of caspase-3 inhibitor reverted apoptotic phenotype. Furthermore, we showed the cytotoxicity of teroxirone in H1299 cells with stable ...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - August 15, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Wang JP, Lin KH, Liu CY, Yu YC, Wu PT, Chiu CC, Su CL, Chen KM, Fang K Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Green tea polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, induces toxicity in human skin cancer cells by targeting β-catenin signaling.
Abstract The green tea polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), has been shown to have anti-carcinogenic effects in several skin tumor models, and efforts are continued to investigate the molecular targets responsible for its cytotoxic effects to cancer cells. Our recent observation that β-catenin is upregulated in skin tumors suggested the possibility that the anti-skin carcinogenic effects of EGCG are mediated, at least in part, through its effects on β-catenin signaling. We have found that treatment of the A431 and SCC13 human skin cancer cell lines with EGCG resulted in reduced cell viability and i...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - October 3, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Singh T, Katiyar SK Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Autophagy blockade sensitizes the anticancer activity of CA-4 via JNK-Bcl-2 pathway.
Abstract Combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) has already entered clinical trials of solid tumors over ten years. However, the limited anticancer activity and dose-dependent toxicity restrict its clinical application. Here, we offered convincing evidence that CA-4 induced autophagy in various cancer cells, which was demonstrated by acridine orange staining of intracellular acidic vesicles, the degradation of p62, the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and GFP-LC3 punctate fluorescence. Interestingly, CA-4-mediated apoptotic cell death was further potentiated by pretreatment with autophagy inhibitors (3-methyladenine and bafilomyc...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - December 6, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Li Y, Luo P, Wang J, Dai J, Yang X, Wu H, Yang B, He Q Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Leptin induces CYP1B1 expression in MCF-7 cells through ligand-independent activation of the ERα pathway.
In this study, we investigated the effect of leptin on CYP1B1 expression and its mechanism in breast cancer cells. Leptin induced CYP1B1 protein, messenger RNA expression and promoter activity in ERα-positive MCF-7 cells but not in ERα-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. Additionally, leptin increased 4-hydroxyoestradiol in MCF-7 cells. Also, ERα knockdown by siRNA significantly blocked the induction of CYP1B1 expression by leptin, indicating that leptin induced CYP1B1 expression via an ERα-dependent mechanism. Transient transfection with CYP1B1 deletion promoter constructs revealed that the oestrogen response element (ERE) pla...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - March 11, 2014 Category: Toxicology Authors: Khanal T, Kim HG, Do MT, Choi JH, Won SS, Kang W, Chung YC, Jeong TC, Jeong HG Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research