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Specialty: Epidemiology
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Total 29 results found since Jan 2013.

Population Attributable Fraction of Nonvaccination of Child and Adolescent Vaccines Attributed to Parental Vaccine Hesitancy, 2018 –2019
AbstractUnderstanding the role of vaccine hesitancy in undervaccination or nonvaccination of childhood vaccines is important for increasing vaccine confidence and uptake. We used data from April to June interviews in the 2018 and 2019 National Immunization Survey –Flu (n = 78,725, United States), a nationally representative cross-sectional household cellular telephone survey. We determined the adjusted population attributable fraction (PAF) for each recommended childhood vaccine to assess the contribution of vaccine hesitancy to the observed nonvaccination level. Hesitancy is defined as being somewhat or very hesitant t...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - March 15, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Trends in Outbreak-Associated Cases of COVID-19 - Wisconsin, March-November 2020.
Abstract During September 3-November 16, 2020, daily confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reported to the Wisconsin Department of Health Services (WDHS) increased at a rate of 24% per week, from a 7-day average of 674 (August 28-September 3) to 6,426 (November 10-16) (1). The growth rate during this interval was the highest to date in Wisconsin and among the highest in the United States during that time (1). To characterize potential sources of this increase, the investigation examined reported outbreaks in Wisconsin that occurred during March 4-November 16, 2020, with respect to their setting an...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - January 29, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Pray IW, Kocharian A, Mason J, Westergaard R, Meiman J Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Rates of COVID-19 Among Residents and Staff Members in Nursing Homes - United States, May 25-November 22, 2020.
This report uses the NHSN nursing home COVID-19 data reported during May 25-November 22, 2020, to describe COVID-19 rates among nursing home residents and staff members and compares these with rates in surrounding communities by corresponding U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) region.* COVID-19 cases among nursing home residents increased during June and July 2020, reaching 11.5 cases per 1,000 resident-weeks (calculated as the total number of occupied beds on the day that weekly data were reported) (week of July 26). By mid-September, rates had declined to 6.3 per 1,000 resident-weeks (week of September 13...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - January 15, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Bagchi S, Mak J, Li Q, Sheriff E, Mungai E, Anttila A, Soe MM, Edwards JR, Benin AL, Pollock DA, Shulman E, Ling S, Moody-Williams J, Fleisher LA, Srinivasan A, Bell JM Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Candida auris Outbreak in a COVID-19 Specialty Care Unit - Florida, July-August 2020.
Abstract In July 2020, the Florida Department of Health was alerted to three Candida auris bloodstream infections and one urinary tract infection in four patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who received care in the same dedicated COVID-19 unit of an acute care hospital (hospital A). C. auris is a multidrug-resistant yeast that can cause invasive infection. Its ability to colonize patients asymptomatically and persist on surfaces has contributed to previous C. auris outbreaks in health care settings (1-7). Since the first C. auris case was identified in Florida in 2017, aggressive measures have been i...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - January 15, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Prestel C, Anderson E, Forsberg K, Lyman M, de Perio MA, Kuhar D, Edwards K, Rivera M, Shugart A, Walters M, Dotson NQ Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Assessment of Day-7 Postexposure Testing of Asymptomatic Contacts of COVID-19 Patients to Evaluate Early Release from Quarantine - Vermont, May-November 2020.
Abstract On May 8, 2020, the Vermont Department of Health (VDH) issued a Health Update* recommending shortening the duration of quarantine for persons exposed to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Exposed persons who were in quarantine could be tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on or after quarantine day 7. Those who had remained asymptomatic throughout quarantine and who received a negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR test result on or after day 7 could end quarantine. This policy was based on a report suggesting that symptom onset occurs within this time frame in approximately thre...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - January 8, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jones A, Fialkowski V, Prinzing L, Trites J, Kelso P, Levine M Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Participation in Fraternity and Sorority Activities and the Spread of COVID-19 Among Residential University Communities - Arkansas, August 21-September 5, 2020.
Abstract Preventing transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in colleges and universities requires mitigation strategies that address on- and off-campus congregate living settings as well as extracurricular activities and other social gatherings (1-4). At the start of the academic year, sorority and fraternity organizations host a series of recruitment activities known as rush week; rush week culminates with bid day, when selections are announced. At university A in Arkansas, sorority rush week (for women) was held during August 17-22, 2020, and consisted of on- and of...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - January 8, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Vang KE, Krow-Lucal ER, James AE, Cima MJ, Kothari A, Zohoori N, Porter A, Campbell EM Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Factors That Might Affect SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Among Foreign-Born and U.S.-Born Poultry Facility Workers - Maryland, May 2020.
Abstract Numerous recent assessments indicate that meat and poultry processing facility workers are at increased risk for infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1-4). Physical proximity to other workers and shared equipment can facilitate disease transmission in these settings (2-4). The disproportionate number of foreign-born workers employed in meat and poultry processing reflects structural, social, and economic inequities that likely contribute to an increased COVID-19 incidence in this population* (5). In May 2020, the Maryland Department of Health and CDC invest...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - December 18, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Rubenstein BL, Campbell S, Meyers AR, Crum DA, Mitchell CS, Hutson J, Williams DL, Senesie SS, Gilani Z, Reynolds S, Alba B, Tavitian S, Billings K, Saintus L, Martin SB, Mainzer H Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Implementing Mitigation Strategies in Early Care and Education Settings for Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission - Eight States, September-October 2020.
Abstract The Head Start program, including Head Start for children aged 3-5 years and Early Head Start for infants, toddlers, and pregnant women, promotes early learning and healthy development among children aged 0-5 years whose families meet the annually adjusted Federal Poverty Guidelines* throughout the United States.† These programs are funded by grants administered by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Administration for Children and Families (ACF). In March 2020, Congress passed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act,§ which appropriated $750 million for Head Start,...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - December 11, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Coronado F, Blough S, Bergeron D, Proia K, Sauber-Schatz E, Beltran M, Rau KT, McMichael A, Fortin T, Lackey M, Rohs J, Sparrow T, Baldwin G Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Increase in Hospital-Acquired Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection and Colonization in an Acute Care Hospital During a Surge in COVID-19 Admissions - New Jersey, February-July 2020.
Abstract Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), an opportunistic pathogen primarily associated with hospital-acquired infections, is an urgent public health threat (1). In health care facilities, CRAB readily contaminates the patient care environment and health care providers' hands, survives for extended periods on dry surfaces, and can be spread by asymptomatically colonized persons; these factors make CRAB outbreaks in acute care hospitals difficult to control (2,3). On May 28, 2020, a New Jersey hospital (hospital A) reported a cluster of CRAB infections during a surge in patients hospitalized wi...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - December 4, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Perez S, Innes GK, Walters MS, Mehr J, Arias J, Greeley R, Chew D Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

COVID-19 Outbreak Associated with a 10-Day Motorcycle Rally in a Neighboring State - Minnesota, August-September 2020.
Abstract During August 7-16, 2020, a motorcycle rally was held in western South Dakota that attracted approximately 460,000 persons from across the United States to numerous indoor and outdoor events over a 10-day period. During August-September 2020, the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) investigated a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak associated with the rally in Minnesota residents. Fifty-one primary event-associated cases were identified, and 35 secondary or tertiary cases occurred among household, social, and workplace contacts, for a total of 86 cases; four patients were hospitalized, and one d...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - November 26, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Firestone MJ, Wienkes H, Garfin J, Wang X, Vilen K, Smith KE, Holzbauer S, Plumb M, Pung K, Medus C, Yao JD, Binnicker MJ, Nelson AC, Yohe S, Como-Sabetti K, Ehresmann K, Lynfield R, Danila R Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Trends in County-Level COVID-19 Incidence in Counties With and Without a Mask Mandate - Kansas, June 1-August 23, 2020.
Abstract Wearing masks is a CDC-recommended* approach to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), by reducing the spread of respiratory droplets into the air when a person coughs, sneezes, or talks and by reducing the inhalation of these droplets by the wearer. On July 2, 2020, the governor of Kansas issued an executive order† (state mandate), effective July 3, requiring masks or other face coverings in public spaces. CDC and the Kansas Department of Health and Environment analyzed trends in county-level COVID-19 incidence before (June 1-July 2) and after (July ...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - November 26, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Van Dyke ME, Rogers TM, Pevzner E, Satterwhite CL, Shah HB, Beckman WJ, Ahmed F, Hunt DC, Rule J Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

COVID-19 Outbreak - New York City, February 29-June 1, 2020.
tash J, Lee E, Lee K, Li W, Mathes R, McGibbon E, McIntosh N, Montesano M, Moore MS, Murray K, Ngai S, Paladini M, Paneth-Pollak R, Parton H, Peterson E, Pouchet R, Ramachandran J, Reilly K, Sanderson S.sker J, Van Wye G, Wahnich A, Winters A, Layton M, Jones L, Reddy V, Fine A Abstract New York City (NYC) was an epicenter of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in the United States during spring 2020 (1). During March-May 2020, approximately 203,000 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases were reported to the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH). To obtain more complete data, DOHMH used sup...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - November 20, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Thompson CN, Baumgartner J, Pichardo C, Toro B, Li L, Arciuolo R, Chan PY, Chen J, Culp G, Davidson A, Devinney K, Dorsinville A, Eddy M, English M, Fireteanu AM, Graf L, Geevarughese A, Greene SK, Guerra K, Huynh M, Hwang C, Iqbal M, Jessup J, Knorr J, L Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

COVID-19 in a Correctional Facility Employee Following Multiple Brief Exposures to Persons with COVID-19 - Vermont, July-August 2020.
Abstract On August 11, 2020, a confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a male correctional facility employee (correctional officer) aged 20 years was reported to the Vermont Department of Health (VDH). On July 28, the correctional officer had multiple brief encounters with six incarcerated or detained persons (IDPs)* while their SARS-CoV-2 test results were pending. The six asymptomatic IDPs arrived from an out-of-state correctional facility on July 28 and were housed in a quarantine unit. In accordance with Vermont Department of Corrections (VDOC) policy for state prisons, nasopharyngeal swabs we...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - October 30, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Pringle JC, Leikauskas J, Ransom-Kelley S, Webster B, Santos S, Fox H, Marcoux S, Kelso P, Kwit N Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Adoption of Strategies to Mitigate Transmission of COVID-19 During a Statewide Primary Election - Delaware, September 2020.
Abstract Elections occurring during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have been affected by notable changes in the methods of voting, the number and type of polling locations, and in-person voting procedures (1). To mitigate transmission of COVID-19 at polling locations, jurisdictions have adopted changes to protocols and procedures, informed by CDC's interim guidance, developed in collaboration with the Election Assistance Commission (2). The driving principle for this guidance is that voting practices with lower infection risk will be those which reduce the number of voters who congregate indoors ...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - October 30, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Leidman E, Hall NB, Kirby AE, Garcia-Williams AG, Aponte J, Yoder JS, Hong R, Albence A, Coronado F, Massetti GM Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

COVID-19 Outbreak at an Overnight Summer School Retreat - Wisconsin, July-August 2020.
Abstract During July 2-August 11, 2020, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred at a boys' overnight summer school retreat in Wisconsin. The retreat included 152 high school-aged boys, counselors, and staff members from 21 states and territories and two foreign countries. All attendees were required to provide documentation of either a positive serologic test result* within the past 3 months or a negative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests result for SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) ≤7 days before travel, to self-quarantine within their households for 7 ...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - October 30, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Pray IW, Gibbons-Burgener SN, Rosenberg AZ, Cole D, Borenstein S, Bateman A, Pevzner E, Westergaard RP Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research